Robot

Purpose of the game: to increase the self-esteem of a shy child.

Age: for children 5-9 years old

The hero (give him a name) lived in a family where his mother and ... (let the child name the rest of the characters). The members of this family were always in a hurry somewhere and were late. In the mornings there was such a hubbub in the house! “Get up! Get up, or you'll be late, ”the hero’s mother said. - Have you washed? Have you brushed your teeth? Not? Well, go to the bathroom! " (Try to portray the behavior of your own family members in a similar manner when they are in a hurry and are nervous. In this game, as in the previous one, it will be necessary to switch roles with the child and not be offended if, after leaving, he begins to portray you as different you represent yourself). Finally, the out of breath mother came running with our hero to Kindergarten, handed him over to the teacher and ran away to work. And in the evening, when she picked him up from the kindergarten, she always had a lot of household chores, and she again was in a hurry to complete them. (Show the evening scene, which will not differ much from the morning one). The hero, of course, did not particularly like this life. (Ask if he would like his mother to leave him alone or, on the contrary, devote him even more time than before, but at the same time find an opportunity to play with him). He was very worried, thought ... (let the older child voice the thoughts of the hero). And one night a miracle happened! (For girls it is better to present this as the witchcraft of a sorceress, and to boys as an amazing invention of the hero himself). A robot appeared in the place of our hero. But such that he was seemingly indistinguishable from a living person. Therefore, my mother did not notice the substitution. And the hero ... (together with the child, come up with the adventures of the hero - they can be stretched over several "sessions" of the game, but nevertheless bring him at the end to the fact that it is sad to live without a mother). Let him return to her and find that she is not very happy either. Although the robot obediently obeys her, he is unable to show human feelings. Here it is advisable to play a few funny scenes: for example, a mother gives a robot gifts, and he confuses her with the statement that the game is a pointless waste of time and money; the mother begins to have a cold, and the robot, instead of pitying her and taking care of her, begins to tediously list her mistakes that led to the cold; Mom bought her son a ticket to a wonderful film (which your child adores) and expects him to be delighted, and a robot who is not interested in art wonders what is good in the film.

When the hero returns home, all the misunderstandings are cleared up, and most importantly, he and his mother figure out how to live on ... (This strategy must, of course, be worked out by joint efforts. ).

To correct the problem of fear of being judged in an unfavorable light or being rejected, you can also play games with the child, where the child himself will evaluate and reject, and an adult or other children will be the ones who cope with this. For such games, you can use the plots of fairy tales, for example, "Thumbelina" (the meeting of Thumbelina with the May beetles) and "The Ugly Duckling" (the situation in the poultry yard) by G. H. Andersen, "The Boy-Star" by O. Wilde (when the boy-star became ugly, and his comrades rejected him), etc. When playing scenes of rejection, it is imperative to end the tale with a happy ending.

Similar games can be carried out with children of senior preschool and junior school age... Before starting such games, one should recall the plots of fairy tales, and then act out the indicated episodes. Let us recall those plots that can be used to play around.

ugly duck

Purpose of the game: improving self-esteem.

Age

Elements of stage costumes can be used for the game.

First, the rejection situation in the poultry yard is played. Children play the roles of the inhabitants of the poultry yard.

“Everyone chased the poor duckling, even his brothers and sisters angrily said to him: 'If only the cat took you away, you obnoxious freak!' fodder for the birds, I pushed it with my foot. But then the duckling suddenly ran across the yard and flew over the hedge! Small birds fluttered frightened out of the bushes.

"They scared me - that's how ugly I am," thought the duckling and took off, not knowing where. "

Further, adults, together with children, recall the further course of events, and play the end again. This is a situation where the ugly duckling meets swans. The children participating in the game now play the role of proud swans.

“And he flew into the water and swam towards the handsome swans, and they, seeing him, also rushed to him.

Kill me! - said the poor thing and bowed his head, expecting death.

But what did he see in the mirror-clear water? Your own reflection. And now he was no longer an ugly dark gray bird, but a swan (the game is accompanied by the corresponding expressive movements)!

It doesn't matter to be born in a duck's nest if you hatch from a swan egg. Now he was glad that he had suffered so much grief: he could better appreciate his happiness and all the beauty that surrounded him. Large swans swam around him and stroked him with their beaks. "

In the future, even a shy child can be assigned the role of an outcast duckling, but always with the playing of a happy ending.

Thumbelina in May beetles

Target: correction of rejection, increase in self-worth.

Age

Remembering the plot of the fairy tale, the adult invites the children to play the scene of finding Thumbelina with the May beetles, when the beetle brought her to his fellow tribesmen.

“He sat down with a crumb on the largest leaf, fed her with sweet flower juice and said that she was so lovely, although she did not look at all like the May beetle.

Then other May beetles who lived on the same tree came to visit them. They looked at the girl from head to toe, and the young lady bugs moved their antennae and said:

She only has two legs! Sorry to watch!

She has no antennae!

What a thin waist she has! Fi! She is just like a person! How ugly! - said in one voice all the female beetles.

Thumbelina was lovely! The May beetle, who brought her, also liked her at first, and then suddenly he found that she was ugly and did not want to keep her with him anymore - let him go where he knew. He flew off the tree with her and planted her on a chamomile. "

It is very important for a shy child to learn how to communicate with peers. To master these skills, it is recommended to organize games where the shy child must act in close contact with other children. We suggest using the following games.

Journey through the woods

Target: develop communication skills with peers.

Age: for children of middle and senior preschool age

An even number of children take part in the game. All participants are divided into pairs, and the tasks are performed simultaneously by both children, who are holding hands at the same time. You can play both indoors and outdoors.

The presenter offers to take a walk in the forest.

How good it is in the forest. The birds are singing (the voices of birds are heard), the sun is warming. But here the path is blocked by a stream. How to get over it? So here's the bridge!

Task 1. "Cross the stream."

Two lines are drawn on the floor to simulate a stream. A bridge is thrown across this "stream" (a bench is placed). The task of each pair is to walk along the bench without unhooking the hands.

Well, the stream has been crossed, and you can continue on your way.

Task 2. "Windbreak".

But here again the obstacle: impassable by a windbreak.

Balls are spread around the room, playing the role of fallen trees. Children in pairs should collect all the balls, also holding each other's hands tightly.

The path is clear. On the road (musical accompaniment sounds).

Task 3. "Fill the basket."

So we went out into the clearing. How beautiful it is here, what wonderful bells and daisies grow in this meadow. But look: strawberries. Let's fill our baskets.

Baskets are distributed to children. Red paper mugs are spread out on the floor - these are strawberries. Children, again in pairs, collect circles in baskets.

How nice we walked. It's time for us to go home.

A similar game can be organized as a competition between pairs. We offer a variant of such a competition.

Merry relay

Target: teach interaction with other children.

Age: for children of senior preschool and primary school age

An even number of children, united in pairs, take part in the game. Tasks are completed one after another. The winner is the couple that will complete all tasks faster. Two couples compete at the same time. The losing pair is eliminated from the competition. Children who make up a couple complete all tasks holding each other's hand.

Task 1. "Walk along the path."

Chairs are arranged in two rows around the room. The task of the couples is to reach the end of their row as soon as possible, while each time, reaching the chair, run around it.

Task 2. "Fill the basket".

There is an empty basket on one side of the hall, and on the other - filled with tennis balls. The task of each team is to transfer the balls from one basket to another, while the hands must not be disengaged. Children can only take one ball and hold it in their hand without pressing it to the body.

Task 3. "Well-aimed arrows".

With the transferred balls, children must hit the target. The task is performed in turn, but again holding hands. One second penalty is deducted for each miss.

Task 4. "Narrow path".

Holding hands, the children should walk along the gymnastic bench.

The couple that won the relay goes to the second round and continues the competition again. If there are many participants, it is possible to determine the competing pairs by lot, then hold the semifinals and finals ("small Olympic games").

The sea is worried once ...

Purpose of the game: Teach children to draw various objects through the game.

Age: from 5 years old.

The course of the game: with the help of the counting rhyme, the children choose the driver, the children stand in a circle, the driver - in its center. The driver says these words:

The sea is worried once

The sea is worried two,

The sea waves three,

Freeze the sea figure in place.

Depending on the fantasy of the driver, the figure can be not only marine, but also heavenly, garden, beautiful, ballet, etc. Children in a circle should depict a variation of the figure on a theme given by the driver and freeze. The driver walks among the frozen figures and watches them closely for 1-2 minutes. The one who moved, smiled or laughed becomes the new driver.

Geese and gray wolf

Purpose of the game: development of agility and speed in children, relieving emotional stress.

Age: from 3 years old.

Game progress: the game room is divided in half. With the help of a counting machine, the driver is selected - he will be a wolf. The rest of the children gather in one half of the room, the teacher says the words of the folk nursery rhyme "Geese-geese", the children answer:

Geese-geese!

Ha-ha-ha!

Do you want to eat?

Yes Yes Yes!

So fly!

We can not.

Gray wolf under the mountain

Doesn't let us go home.

Well fly how you want

Only take care of your wings.

After these words, the children try to run across to the other side of the room. The wolf, running along the line, catches children. The wolf takes the caught children to its lair, and they are eliminated from the game. The game continues, the teacher goes to the other side of the hall and again calls "geese". Thus, the game is carried out 2-3 times, then, with the help of a counting, the children choose a new driver.

Where is your house?

Purpose of the game: development of attentiveness, team spirit, the ability to manage their behavior.

Age: from 3 years old.

Game progress: children are divided into three teams: fish, birds, bunnies. The teacher explains to the children that each animal has its own habitat, that is, birds fly in the sky, fish swim in the water, and bunnies jump on land. A small circle with a diameter of about 1.5 m is drawn in the middle of the playground. Soft, cheerful music is played, children run, jump, dance to it. After a while, the music turns off and the teacher commands: "Sky", "Land" or "Water". Children whose characters belong to the named environment should quickly run into the circle. Children who make a mistake are eliminated from the game. The game is repeated several times. Then the children change roles, and the game continues as long as there is interest in it. For babies, you can pre-make hats-masks that will help them remember who they are in the game.

Pines, Christmas trees, stumps

Purpose of the game: develop attentiveness, the ability to manage their behavior.

Age: from 4 years old.

The course of the game: children stand in a circle, holding hands. The educator is in the center of the circle. Soft music sounds, children move in a circle. At the command of the teacher "Pines", "Fir-trees" or "Penechki" children should stop and depict the named object: "Pines" - raising their arms high up, "Fir-trees" - arms outstretched to the sides, "Penechki" - squatting down. The wrong players are eliminated from the game or receive a penalty point. Then the game continues.

Fun starts

Purpose of the game: development of agility, speed and reaction of children, promoting collective cohesion.

Age: from 3 years old.

The course of the game: the teacher warns children in advance that the competition "Merry starts" will be held, so children should have comfortable sportswear with them. The teacher thinks over in advance the content of the game, tasks for the players, prepares the playground. Children are divided into teams with an equal number of players, and the game itself is played. These competitions can consist of a wide variety of tasks. The teacher can consult with the children in advance, ask them to suggest interesting types of tasks for them. The first team to pass all the tests without errors is considered the winner. For kids, the game can consist of a small number of simple tasks, 4-5 tasks will be quite enough, for older children the number of tasks should be increased, and the tasks themselves should be made more difficult.

Approximate competition plan for 3-4 year old players.

• Run a snake between the spaced pins.
• Jump over a 30 cm wide strip drawn on the floor or not on the ground.
• Crawl into the upright hoop.
• Run around the chair on which the ball lies.
• Take the ball and hit it in a vertically standing hoop.
• Return to your team and pass the baton to another player.

Day and night

Purpose of the game: to develop the speed and dexterity of children, to teach to freely express their emotions, to promote the rapprochement of children.

Age: from 4 years old.

The course of the game: at will, 7-8 children are selected (depending on the number of participants), they stand in a circle, take each other's hands and raise them high, the rest of the children are freely placed in the playing hall. At the instructor's command "day", the music turns on, the children run around the hall, run through the circle. The teacher commands "night", the children in the circle give up and try to catch the children trapped inside the circle. Those caught join those in the circle and the game continues. The teacher must explain to the children that those who are not standing in a circle should not bypass the circle, otherwise it will be uninteresting to play.

Funny grasshoppers

Purpose of the game: development of speed, dexterity, promoting the establishment of friendly relations in the children's team.

Age: from 4 years old.

Course of the game: relay game, children are divided into two teams, become columns in front of the start line. At the command of the teacher, the first child in the column must jump a certain distance, for example, to the opposite wall, in the manner indicated by the teacher. The child jumps to the wall, touches it with his hand, then returns, the next player enters the baton. If the players go the distance not to the wall, but to the line drawn on the floor, be sure to step over the drawn line with your foot. The teacher indicates to the next player new way jumping. The winner is the team whose members complete the task first. You can jump in the following ways.

• On the left leg.
• On the right leg.
• Big jumps from foot to foot.
• On two legs.
• Three jumps on the left, three jumps on the right leg, etc.

The variety of ways and types of hairstyles depends on the imagination and age of the children at play.

Live beads

Purpose of the game: to teach children to trust each other, the development of emancipation in the expression of emotions.

Age: from 5 years old.

Game progress: children are divided into several teams with the same number of people. The teacher must make sure that the teams are approximately equal in strength, it is unacceptable to gather active and initiative children in one team, quiet and shy children in the other, etc. Each team receives its own "needle and thread" - it can be a rope with a safety pin at the end. The task of each team is to collect "live" beads on a string. The beads in this game are members of each team. The pin is threaded into the holes on the children's clothes - into the buttonhole, passed through the strap, etc. The winner is the team that will gather all the participants on a rope faster than anyone else and tie its ends. The game can be played several times and the fastest team can be determined based on the results. At the end of the game, small incentive prizes can be awarded to all children. For older children, over 7 years old, the game can be complicated - each player is "strung" on a string twice, that is, the string is threaded through two holes at once on different items of his clothing - for example, through trousers and a shirt. If suddenly the child does not have suitable holes on the clothes through which the thread can be threaded, the child can connect the thumb and forefinger with a ring and pull the thread through the resulting loop.

Who forward

Purpose of the game: development of quickness and dexterity, the ability to get ahead of rivals, without using rudeness and strength.

Age: from 5 years old.

The course of the game: a small group of children is playing - about 6-7 people. Chairs are placed around, their number should be one less than the number of children playing. Children walk around the chairs to the music, as soon as the music stops, the children should quickly sit on the chairs. There is not enough space for one of the children, he earns a penalty point. Then the game continues. According to the results of the game, it is calculated who was left without a place the most. The teacher conducting the game must explain that when taking a seat, one should not push, be rude and aggressive. At the end of the game, the teacher may say that it is very good to be fast and dexterous, but the players who were most often left without a place did this not because they were not as fast as others, but because they were used to being polite and giving in to people. This will help sluggish children not feel constrained and will keep them willing to play outdoor games.

Salochki

Purpose of the game: develop quickness, reaction, dexterity; bringing children closer, improving mood.

Age: from 4 years old.

Game progress: the game can be played quite a large number of children. One of them is chosen by the driver using a counting card. The basic rule of the game is that the driver must catch up with one of the players and touch him with his palm - to shower. Children can become out of reach of the driver if they have time to complete the specified action. There are many varieties of saloons, for example, "tick-crosses", when children can "close" from the driver, become inaccessible, crossing their arms on their chest; "Tag-in-the-air" - to hide from the driver, the child must get off the ground - climb onto a bench, swing, fence; "Tag-in-the-house", children draw a circle around themselves with a piece of chalk; "Tag-on-one-leg", where the child is closed from the driver, standing on one leg; "Red tags", in which the child hides from the driver, touching a red object with his hand, etc. There can be a huge variety of options, depending on your imagination and the imagination of children. It is very important to choose the temperament of the playing children - if your shy child turns out to be the slowest and most sluggish, he may remain the driver all the time or even quit the game.

Quiet and loud

Purpose of the game: removal of emotional stress, teach children to alternately change the rhythm of movements as directed by the teacher.

Age: from 2 years old.

The course of the game: the playing children stand in a circle. The teacher picks up a tambourine, is located in the center of the circle and explains to the children the rules of the game, which are as follows: under loud and frequent blows of the tambourine, children actively move without leaving their place: they jump in place, stamp their feet strongly, swing their arms, etc. ., depending on the wishes of the child. When the beats of the tambourine become rare and weak, children reduce their activity and silently walk in place - stealthily, slowly and rising on tiptoe. At the beginning of the game, the teacher changes the rhythm at regular intervals, for example, after 3-4 minutes. Then the game becomes more impulsive, the rhythms and strength of the tambourine beats change frequently, at different intervals. Children must learn to change the pace of the activity abruptly. The game can be played quite often, several times a week. When the children become familiar with the game, the teacher can offer the role of the leader to one of the children - if they wish.

Where we were, we will not say, but what we did - we will show

Purpose of the game: teach children to highlight the characteristic features of an action and depict the action itself with their help; teach children to recognize the meaning of the depicted action through pantomime.

Age: from 3 years old.

The course of the game: with the help of a reading room, the driver is selected, who is invited to go to another room. The remaining children agree among themselves what action they will portray. The driver returns and asks the question:

Where have you been? - children answer:

We will not tell!

The driver asks:

What did you do?

We will not tell, we will show!

Children represent the intended action, the driver must guess what exactly the children are doing. All children or only some of them can depict the intended action. Then a new driver is selected with the help of a counting tool, and the game continues. If the driver could not guess what was depicted, he is told the correct answer, and he continues to drive. The educator should make sure that shy children are not left on the sidelines while playing.

Who's come?

Purpose of the game: to teach children to highlight the characteristic features in the behavior of people and be able to depict these features by actions; teach children to identify people by characteristic signs of behavior.

Age: from 3 years old.

The course of the game: with the help of a counting rhyme, children choose a driver. The teacher tells the child who he should portray, and he leaves the room. Then the child returns to the room, knocks on the door. The rest of the children ask:

Who's come?

The child answers:

I will not tell you, I will show you.

The driver begins to portray someone, the rest of the children must guess who exactly he wants to portray. For example, the driver pretends to be the mother: he pretends to open the door with the key, prepares dinner, feeds the doll to them, washes the dishes, puts the doll to bed. The child who was the first to guess the intended character becomes the new driver. The teacher can help children in carrying out the game, if the driving child finds it difficult to perform the actions, the teacher can ask leading questions. If the game accepts Active participation the same children, and shy kids are left on the sidelines, the teacher can change the rules a little and offer the choice of a new driver with the help of a rhyme or at his own discretion.

What it is?

Purpose of the game: teach children to highlight the characteristic features of objects and depict these objects; to teach children to guess the objects depicted with the help of pantomime.

Age: from 3 years old.

Course of the game: the teacher invites children to split into teams with small amount people (4-6 children in each group). Each team is tasked with portraying an object, the opposing teams must guess what exactly was conceived. It is not always easy to depict an ordinary object, therefore the teacher offers such objects in which you can easily highlight the distinctive features or objects that are in a certain given situation, for example, a bus with people, washing machine, vacuum cleaner, crane, etc. The educator should pay close attention to shy children, whether they are taking part in the game fully or watching the game from the sidelines.

What is the score?

Purpose of the game: Teach children to portray different expressions of emotion.

Age: 5-6 years old.

The course of the game: the teacher explains to the children the rules of the game: the driving child must depict what emotions the child is experiencing, having received a certain predetermined assessment. A child who receives a five depicts violent joy, one who receives a four is moderately happy, one who receives a three depicts sadness, a two is sad, the one who has received a one depicts a very upset person. Children choose the driver with the help of a rhyme, the teacher, secretly from the others, informs the child of the assessment "which he received", the child depicts the manifestation of emotions, the rest of the children try to determine which assessment the child was portraying. During the game, the teacher notes the most artistic children, encourages the shy ones. It is advisable to play the game in groups of older preschool children.

Portray emotions

Purpose of the game: Teach children to portray given emotions such as sadness, joy, excitement, boredom, crying, fun, etc.

Age: from 3 years old.

The course of the game: children choose the driver with the help of a rhyme. The teacher, in secret from other children, calls the driver an emotion, he reproduces it with the help of facial expressions and gestures. The rest of the children guess what exactly the driver portrayed. The child who first named the correct answer becomes the new leader. For children of younger preschool age, the task can be given in a situational form: for example, the teacher calls the conditional phrase: "Buratino is happy (sad, bored, etc.)."

What is my name

Purpose of the game: to introduce children to each other, help in memorizing names.

Age: from 3 years old.

The course of the game: children stand in a circle and take each other's hands. One of the children starts the game. He says his name. The child standing next to him continues the game - calls the name of the first child, then adds his own. The next child should say the name of the first child, then the second, then adds his own. All subsequent players continue the game, calling the chain of the names of the children in front of them, and their own name. Depending on the age of the children, the chain can consist of a different number of names. For kids three years of age the chain should not exceed three names, for seven-year-olds - no more than five names.

Nice words

Purpose of the game: to teach children to say warm words to each other.

Age: from 3 years old.

The course of the game: the teacher tells the children a story: “In one distant city, children began to say a lot of bad words, but they completely forgot the good ones. Good words are very tired of sitting around and decided to leave this city for other places where children do not forget them. And something terrible has begun in this city. Children began to call names, completely stopped being friends, teachers at school and kindergarten teachers completely stopped praising children, moms and dads began to only scold their kids. The children had a very hard time, and they went to look for good words to ask them to return to their city. For a very long time, the children searched for these words and finally found them. Good words were very happy that the children needed them again, and they returned with joy. But now, as soon as someone says a bad word, everyone immediately remembers how good words left the city, and everyone no longer wants to swear at once. Let's remember the good words that we know and say them to each other. " Children, when addressing others, call the kind words that are familiar to them.

Compliments

Purpose of the game: To teach children to find good traits in each other, to say compliments and pleasant things to each other.

Age: from 4 years old.

The course of the game: the teacher first explains to the children the meaning of the word "compliment" and tells why people say compliments to each other. Then the teacher invites the children to stand in a circle and picks up the ball. The teacher addresses one of the children, gives him a compliment and throws the ball. Compliments should be specific, be substantiated by something. Instead of: "Sasha is good," you should say: "Sasha is generous, he always shares toys with other guys." The child must “catch the compliment,” that is, catch the ball and return it to the teacher. The game continues for a while until all the children receive their compliment, then the rules may change. The child who “caught the compliment” chooses one of the children, tells him his compliment and throws the ball. He catches the ball and, in turn, compliments the next one. The teacher gently corrects and guides the play of children, helps children in case of difficulties. The game should not be played at a fast pace, children should have time to think about the compliment they want to say.

The best

Purpose of the game: to teach children to find positive traits in each other, to say compliments to each other.

Age: from 3 years old.

The course of the game: a "throne" is prepared in advance, for example, a chair covered with a beautiful fabric. Above the throne there is an inscription in large bright letters: "THE BEST". Children sit on chairs. With the help of a rhyme, the driver is selected, who takes a place on the throne. Within a few minutes (the time is regulated by the teacher), the rest of the children explain why this child is the best, come up with diminutive derivatives of his name. At the end, the driver chooses the next child to take the throne. The educator can suggest that you can thank the children for the compliments and ask the child to describe the emotions they felt while on the throne. All children must be on the throne once. In this game, shy children should not be among the first players, it is necessary to give them time to get comfortable and get used to the idea that he will soon be in the spotlight. Of course, the teacher must explain to the children that it is unacceptable to say offensive words; that it is very unpleasant to listen to things that are unpleasant for oneself in public, and that if someone is not satisfied with something in the behavior of other children, it is better to say it face to face in a tactful and gentle way. If a shy child categorically refuses to sit on the throne, you should not force him, you can offer him to take part later, perhaps he will change his mind. The teacher can tell the child that it is in vain that he refuses to play, because the teacher has long wanted to tell him how much he appreciates in this child ... (the teacher names the quality of the child that characterizes him from the positive side), and now an excellent case presented itself. Shy children may simply be afraid to hear something unflattering about themselves.

Pink glasses

Purpose of the game

Age: from 3 years old.

Course of the game: the game is played with a small group of children. The teacher explains to the children the meaning of the expression "rose-colored glasses" - this expression implies that a person sees his surroundings in a "pink light", that is, only the good, not noticing everything unpleasant and negative. The teacher puts on pre-prepared glasses with pink lenses, looking at each child, gives him a short positive description, describes his strengths and dignity. After that, the teacher can invite each child to put on glasses and look around - to look at other children and see good features in each. For children over 5 years old, the teacher can offer a psychological method for relieving stress in conflict situations - if the child is angry, angry with someone, you can mentally imagine putting rose-colored glasses on your eyes, and the world is transformed, an unpleasant person appears in a different light.

The best debater

Purpose of the game: help children see positive traits in each other, increase self-esteem and good mood in children.

Age: from 4 years old.

Course of the game: the game is played in a small group of children - 8-12 people. Children are divided into pairs, it is desirable that in each pair there are children who treat each other well. The game is played between two couples, in each pair one child is a disputant, the other is a subject of a dispute. Two disputants are trying to prove to each other what their partner is better. The teacher carefully monitors that in the process of the dispute the merits of his partner are discussed, and not the disadvantages of the opponent, in such cases the game stops, and the child trying to humiliate the opponent automatically loses. Then the next couple argues. After all the pairs have taken part in the game, the children in each pair switch roles and the game resumes. According to the results of the game, the most convincing debater is selected, who best presented the qualities of his partner, gave convincing arguments. He becomes the winner of the game.

Good mood road

Purpose of the game: creating a friendly atmosphere in the children's team, raising the mood and creating positive emotions.

Age: from 4 years old.

Course of the game: the game is played with a small group of children. The teacher must first conduct a conversation, ask the children to remember situations when they felt good and comfortable. This can be a walk with parents on a motor ship, cycling with friends, rest in the village with a grandmother who always bakes pies, etc. Some objects or actions may be associated with good mood... The most common word can evoke pleasant memories in a child.

Children stand in a row in front of the path, on which multi-colored rings from the pyramid are laid out (6-7 rings will be enough). Children go through this path one by one, touching each ring and calling words that seem good and kind to them. The teacher can ask the child to explain to everyone why he considers this word to be good. Words should not be repeated.

The educator may suggest that children over the age of 5 use this technique to boost their mood.

Thorny beast

Purpose of the game: creation positive mood in children, creating a friendly atmosphere.

Age: from 3 years old.

Course of the game: the teacher shows the children a drawing of a mysterious animal, made on a large sheet. The whole beast is stabbed with toothpicks stuck into the poster. The teacher explains that this is a very evil and terrible beast. He became so for the reason that there are many thorns on him, so everyone is afraid of him and does not want to play with him. The teacher asks the children to help this animal get rid of its anger and irritation. The task of children is to take pity on the beast, to reward him with good character traits. As soon as the child speaks good word about this animal, the teacher pulls out one thorn from it and breaks it. Gradually, the number of thorns on the animal decreases, it takes on a quite kind and cute look, the children all together come up with a nickname for it. It is desirable that the number of thorns be greater than the number of children, so that each child can contribute to the transformation of the beast from evil and thorny to good.

Callouts

Purpose of the game: to teach children to understand other people, treat them with great attention and respect.

Age: from 5 years old.

The course of the game: children sit in a circle, the teacher offers to play a game called "Callouts", where each child must call the other. The most important rule of the game is that name-calling should not be humiliating. Before saying an invented name-calling, the child must mentally apply this word to himself and decide whether he would be offended if they called him that. If he considers this name-calling not offensive or humiliating, he can name her another child. It is very important to give the children time to consider whether they would like to be called that word. The game will help children understand that unpleasant words spoken to another can give that person feelings and resentment. This game is not advisable if there are very active, excitable children in the children's team who are capable of thoughtlessly offending others or aggressive and unfriendly children.

I'm good

Purpose of the game: develop children's self-esteem, teach them to see the positive aspects of themselves.

Age: from 6 years old.

Course of the game: the game is played in a small group of children, about 6-8 people. The game consists in the fact that each child must determine one of his positive qualities, and the other children must guess which quality. in question... The child approaches the teacher and names him one of his merits. Then, referring to the rest of the children, he says: "I am good, because ..." The rest of the children take turns mentioning the positive qualities of this child until one of the children guesses what exactly was conceived. Then the game continues with the child, who correctly named the hidden quality. All children present must take part in the game.

The game will help children see the real picture of their attitude towards themselves, compare the child's self-esteem with the assessment of those around him. Perhaps he will learn a lot about himself and will see that some character traits that he did not consider to be virtues look like those in the eyes of other people.

A box of good deeds

Purpose of the game: fostering a benevolent attitude towards each other in children, creating a positive emotional mood in the children's team, fostering in children the ability to notice and appreciate positive actions committed by other people.

Age: from 5 years old.

Course of the game: the teacher shows the children a box filled with cubes, pours them out and invites the children to imagine that each cube is a good deed committed by one of the children. The game continues for a certain period of time, for example, for one day. Each child can put a cube in the box for any good deed, no matter who did it - this child or someone else. Children inform the teacher about each cube put in the box, and the results are summed up at the end of the game. The teacher, together with the children, counts the number of cubes, remembers and analyzes the good deeds for which the cubes were put in a box, encourages and sets the example of children who have committed these deeds.

The same deed should not be judged twice.

Jokes

Purpose of the game: help children learn to express their emotions more freely, teach children to positively influence the mood of others.

Age: from 5 years old.

The course of the game: one child driver is selected with the help of a counting. If this is a girl, she will play the role of the princess Nesmeyana, if the boy, the role of Prince Sadin. Other children should make this child laugh. The driver tries his best not to laugh or smile. It is forbidden to touch the driver with your hands. If the child could not make the driver laugh, then another child enters the game, if the driver smiled or laughed, then the laughing one becomes the new driver. The game continues as long as the children remain interested in it. The educator should ensure that all children participate in the game, so that shy players are not left on the sidelines, and their participation in the game does not become formal. It is desirable that all players can be in the role of princess Nesmeyana or Prince Sadin.

Rain and chamomile

Purpose of the game: to help children learn to express their emotions more freely, to teach children to be sensitive, to teach to cheer up other people.

Age: from 5 years old.

The course of the game: the teacher invites the children to be divided into two groups, a third of the children will enter one group - rain, two-thirds of the children will enter another group - chamomile. The teacher tells the children a story about the following: “The hot summer has come, it is shining bright sun, chamomile is very thirsty. They sit in the meadow, sad and waiting for the rain. They do not want to do anything, they feel bad. It is urgent to get them drunk. Finally it started to rain, drops of rain fall on the daisies and give them water to drink. Gradually the chamomiles come to life, open and straighten. "

Children playing the role of daisies squat down, look sad and tired, a sad melody sounds quietly. At the words of the teacher about the beginning of the rain, the children of "rain" approach the "daisies", take their hands in theirs, look into their eyes, say tender and tender words of consolation, so that the "daisies" stop being sad and their mood improves. "Daisies" smile, rise to their full height with the help of "raindrops". When all the “daisies” come to life, the children can switch roles and continue playing. The game is completely controlled by the teacher, he helps children with examples and tips.

Because you are good

Purpose of the game: increase the self-esteem of children, teach them to see the positive sides in other people.

Age: from 5 years old.

Course of the game: the teacher invites the children to split into pairs. It is desirable that each pair has children who are friends with each other. The teacher allows the children to think for 2-3 minutes and determine which trait of the partner the child likes best. Each player tells his partner: "I would like to be like you, because you ..." and further names the reason - that quality of the child, which he considers the most outstanding and wonderful in this child. Then his partner answers - he repeats the same phrase, only indicates a different character trait. Each couple takes part in the game. The educator can help children if they have difficulties.

Kind beast

Purpose of the game: to teach children empathy and sympathy, the ability to show and understand emotions, to express them without words, using gestures and facial expressions.

Age: from 5 years old.

Course of the game: the game is played with a small group of children, no more than 6-7 people. After reading some work about animals, the teacher invites children to come up with their own beast - small and defenseless, which does not exist in nature. Children should describe his appearance, come up with character traits and behavior, give him a name. The teacher can help children with leading questions, corrections and additions. For example, if children are at a loss, you can ask them to think about whether the animal has fur, if so, what color it is, whether it is soft to the touch, what kind of tail it has, what shape and size of ears it has, how its legs end in marigolds or hooves, and etc. Then, with joint efforts, children can draw a portrait of this beast. After that, you can continue the game: the children will take turns playing the role of this beast, the rest must take care of it, look after and guess its desires and needs. An important rule is that this beast must not be offended, forced to do something, punished and angry with him. The teacher suggests some kind of life situation for the game - children come from a walk and bring the beast with them. One of the children plays the role of this beast. Children jointly wash his hands (paws), lead him to the dining room and feed him, etc. The beast makes it clear with facial expressions and gestures what he likes in the actions of children and what does not. For example, the animal does not like semolina porridge and does not want to eat it, he is allergic to strawberry soap, and he goes to bed strictly at 3 o'clock. The beast does not know how to talk and shows all its emotions with the help of gestures and facial expressions. If the children cannot understand it, the beast can whisper to the teacher, and he can give the children a hint.

Old men

Purpose of the game: develop a respectful and considerate attitude towards older people.

Age: from 5 years old.

Wishes

Purpose of the game: Teach children to express their emotions, empathize with other people, make good wishes.

Age: from 5 years old.

Course of the game: the game is played with a small group of children. Previously, children from paper make a flower-seven-flower in the classroom, and the number of petals coincides with the number of children in the group (or will be a multiple of the number of children). The teacher invites the children to play: write a wish on each petal, tear off the petals and give it to those children who, in their opinion, need this wish. Each child picks off the petals in turn, gives them to each child and explains why he gives each of the children just such a wish, and not another. For example, Sasha is given a petal with a wish of health, because Sasha was recently ill, Katya is given a petal with a wish for fun, because she is sad today, and so on. This is how the children exchange all the petals. Then each child sticks on his center of the flower all the wishes that were presented to him and takes this flower home as a keepsake.

In zoo

Purpose of the game: Allow children to try on different roles - kind, evil, cunning, cowardly, etc .; increase the level of self-esteem.

Age: from 3 years old.

Course of the game: the teacher offers to play: “Imagine that we have come to the zoo. We will walk, move from cage to cage, observe the behavior of animals. Our task is to depict how the owner of each cell behaves. " The teacher turns on soft music, names various animals, children depict the named animal for 3-4 minutes, then the teacher suggests the next animal. It is best to offer children the names of animals paired with an adjective that characterizes it. The teacher can name the following animals: evil wolf, cowardly bunny, angry bear, kind elephant, nimble mouse, sly fox, lazy cat, ferocious tiger, etc. Shy children are often shy to show their emotions and may have difficulty completing assignments. The teacher must help them, draw their attention to how other children imitate the behavior of animals.

Look at me

Purpose of the game: Teach children to see positive traits in people.

Age: from 5 years old.

Course of the game: The teacher invites the children to depict a scene in which one person is staring at another. The one being looked at describes their feelings. The one who is looking describes the reason why he is looking at the person. Shy children are usually embarrassed by other people's gaze, so the monologue of the one they are looking at goes something like this: “Why is he (a) looking at me? What does he (she) dislike? I guess my shoes are dirty. Or he (she) doesn't like my glasses. " The one who looks: “What a pretty boy sitting there. This sweater suits him very much. And he also has very kind eyes. "

Broken phone

Purpose of the game: Teach children to be attentive to the words of others.

Age: from 5 years old.

The course of the game: children are arranged in a row, the teacher communicates an arbitrary conceived word to the ear of the last child in the row, he passes it on to the next, and so on in a chain. The child who closes the chain says the word out loud, everyone compares the initial word that the teacher calls and the word that came out at the end of the chain. If the word has changed, it turns out in what place its transformation took place. The teacher warns children in advance that the words should be pronounced in a quiet but intelligible whisper. It is inappropriate to play the game in a team in which there are children with speech or hearing impairments.

Who is hiding?

Purpose of the game: to teach children to be more attentive to other people.

Age: from 4 years old.

The course of the game: children dance and spin to the music, when the music stops, children squat down and cover their eyes with their hands. The teacher touches the shoulder of one of the children and gestures for him to leave the room. The child quietly leaves the room, trying not to make noise. A minute later, the teacher gives a signal, the children open their eyes and try to determine which of them is missing. After the hidden child is named, it is returned to the players and the game continues.

Whose subject?

Purpose of the game: Teach children to be attentive to other people.

Age: from 4 years old.

The course of the game: the teacher prepares in advance several items belonging to different children. Soft music turns on, children spin and dance, then the music stops. Children close their eyes and freeze in place. The teacher waits for a while, giving the children the opportunity to calm down and concentrate, then offers to open their eyes and shows an object belonging to one of the children. Children should remember who this thing belongs to. The owner of the item should not prompt. Items such as a hair clip, badge, sweater, tie, etc. can participate in the game.

What changed?

Purpose of the game: to develop the attentiveness of children, to teach children to be attentive to other people.

Age: from 5 years old.

The course of the game: the driver is selected with the help of the counting. The music is played quietly, to which the children dance. The music stops and the children freeze in various positions. The driver carefully examines the frozen children for 1 minute, then leaves the room. Children quickly make several changes (the number of changes depends on age) - one puts on a hat, the second picks up a doll, the third sits on a chair, etc. The driver enters and tries to determine what exactly has changed. Then a new driver is selected and the game continues. The teacher encourages the most attentive children.

Answer - don't yawn

Purpose of the game: to develop in children the speed of reaction and ingenuity.

Age: from 3 years old.

Game progress: the game can be played outdoors. Previously, you can outline the asphalt with chalk in such a way that each baby has its own track with divisions. Children stand in a row, each on his own path, the teacher in turn asks each of them a simple question. If the child answered without hesitation, he moves to the next division, if he did not find the answer, remains in the same place, and the teacher moves on to the next child. It is very important in this game to pay attention to shy children, to help them go on a par with other children and make them feel confident in themselves and the taste of victory. Questions can be any, including humorous ones, just like the answers, in this game, not the correctness of the answer is assessed, but the speed and reaction.

Examples of questions:

• How many fingers do you have on your hand?
• How is your mother's name?
• What color is the sun?
• How old is Santa Claus?
• How many times did you come to kindergarten?
• Who has a carrot nose? etc.

Bunnies in a tram

Purpose of the game: Teach children to think up objections and find answers to them.

Age: from 4 years old.

The course of the game: children stand or sit in a row. The first child pronounces any phrase, a teacher can help him, for example: "Bunnies are riding in a tram." The next child must name the reason-obstacle due to which the spoken phrase loses its meaning. For example: "Bunnies cannot ride the tram because the electricity was cut off." The third child changes the phrase uttered by the first child, taking into account the remark of the second: "Bunnies are driving in the car." The fourth one comes up with an obstacle: "The car has run out of gas." Etc. The following statement phrases can be used in the game.

• I bought bread from a store (the names of goods or food items that can be purchased in the store change).
• I have a cat in my apartment (the name of the animal is changed).
• An onion has grown in the garden (the name of the vegetable is changed), etc.

To the touch

Purpose of the game: to teach children to trust each other, to develop liberation in the expression of emotions, attentiveness.

Age: from 5 years old.

The course of the game: children stand in a circle and, using a counting, choose a driver. He is blindfolded with a scarf or bandage, and he stands in the center of the circle. Music is turned on, children dance around the driver to it, until the teacher tells them to stop using a certain gesture or sign, for example, a wave of the hand or the word "stop". Then the driver approaches the first child that comes across and tries to determine by touch who it is. If he guesses, then the guessed child becomes the driver, if the driver makes a mistake, he continues to drive. The child, whom the driver is trying to identify by touch, must behave quietly, not laugh, not say anything in order to complicate the driver's task. Other children should not tell the driver. The same child must not be driving more than 3 times in a row. This game should be carried out in groups with a small number of children, no more than 15.

catch me

Purpose of the game: Teach children to trust each other.

Age: from 5 years old.

Course of the game: the teacher explains the rules of the game: the child must, with his back to him, fall into his arms. Whoever knows how to do it correctly - without bending his legs, without waving his arms - gets a point. Shy children should at the very beginning of the game, at their first falls, feel confident that they will definitely be caught.

Storm at sea

Purpose of the game: liberate emotional sphere children, to teach how to get rid of negative emotions in a form acceptable for this.

Age: from 5 years old.

The course of the game: with the help of a long rope, the teacher makes the outlines of a ship, inside which children are placed on chairs. The teacher plays the role of the captain, he imitates swimming and comments on what is “happening” around:

We are sailing on the sea, on the right along the course you can see Monkey Island. On this island there are many, many palms with huge bananas. See the monkeys sitting on the very tops of the palms and waving their paws to us? They welcome us and invite us to visit. Well, we have half an hour of free time, shall we drop by to visit the monkeys? Helmsman, turn the ship, heading for Monkey Island. But what is it, we are drowning! Why did this happen? Guys, help me, we urgently need to bail out the water from the sinking ship! (Children pretend to scoop up the water and pour it overboard.) We need urgent help! (Addressing one of the children) Sasha, call the monkeys for help, shout loudly: “Help! Save! "

The teacher invites the children to take turns shouting as loudly as possible, asking for help. Usually shy children have psychological barriers that prevent them from screaming loudly. Typically, these barriers arise from constant noise control by parents. Children need to sometimes shout, throw out negative energy, this game will teach children to do this in certain situations and suitable places.

The game develops according to the scenario invented by the teacher. Children should take direct part in the game and become co-authors of the game; for this, the teacher can constantly turn to children for help and tips.

Live toys

Purpose of the game: to teach children empathy, sympathetic attitude towards others, instill a respect for toys.

Age: from 3 years old.

The course of the game: the teacher distributes to children well-known toys: cars, dolls, soft animals, balls, cubes, etc. Toys should be different for all children. The educator invites the children to tell the story of each toy they have written. Better if it sounds in the first person. To begin with, an adult can tell the first story, then invite the most active children to come up with their own story, and so on. Shy children should come out with their stories somewhere in the middle. You should not call them among the first and last storytellers. The teacher should make sure that the children do not retell each other's stories, in this case, you can direct the child's thought in a new direction by asking leading questions. The story might look something like this: “I am a teddy bear. My name is Misha. I have been living here for a long time. I have friends - dolls Masha and Alena, tiger cub, tumbler and three nesting dolls. I also really like to play with ... (the name of the child who loves to play with this teddy bear is called). It is always very fun and noisy here, but sometimes I get upset, for example, when they leave me or my friends, forget to put in place, or tear off our ears and tails ... ”Depending on the teacher's fantasy, the story can have any continuation, it can be in this form draw the attention of children to some undesirable aspects of their behavior.

Our little friends

Purpose of the game: develop in children the ability to sympathize and empathize, develop a caring attitude towards pets.

Age: from 3 years old.

Course of the game: pre-teacher invites children to draw their pets. Children should use these pictures to tell stories about their favorites. It can be the story of a little friend in the child's family, some funny incident from their life, or just a story about how they live, what they do, where they go for walks, etc.

All the other way around

Purpose of the game: to teach children to identify actions that are opposite in meaning.

Age: from 4 years old.

The course of the game: select the driver with the help of a counting rhyme. Children stand in a circle, hands on the belt, the driver stands in the center of the circle. The driver makes arbitrary movements and names them, the rest of the children perform the opposite actions. For example, the driver raises his hands up and says: “Hands up,” all the children put their hands down at the seams. A child who makes a mistake becomes a driver. If all the children perform the actions correctly, after a while a new driver is selected with the help of a counting board.

A shy child is shown any kind of outdoor games with the participation of adults. We all know one of these games since childhood, but it is she who does not require any physical projectiles, improvised means, and therefore can be used in many situations. You can play it on the playground, in the schoolyard, and outside the city at the dacha. It will help a shy child to remove existing muscle clamps, establish contacts with other children and adults, and cheer up. This game can be played by both preschoolers and children of primary and secondary school age.

Who I am and how I would like to be

Target: Improving the self-esteem of a shy child.

Age: for preschool and primary school age.

In this exercise, you can work with either one child or a group of children.

The child is asked to draw himself twice. In the first picture - the way he is now, in the second - the way he would like to be. Working with pictures is based on comparing their features. The colors used by the child in each drawing, the pose, the mood in which he is depicted, the environment are compared.

According to psychologists, a child's self-esteem is expressed in the differences between the two drawings. Some children have coincidences between the "real" and "ideal" I. In this case, he believes that nothing should be changed. As a rule, such children have high self-esteem.

Self-esteem is considered adequate if the discrepancy between the two figures is not too significant.

In children with low self-esteem, the color of the drawing remains unchanged, often dark, the drawing is small, sloppy and even dirty. When drawing the ideal self, a large number of colors are used, the child draws himself in bright clothes with elements that emphasize external beauty, in situations of performing positive actions.

At the end of the drawing, a discussion is held, after which the child must formulate for himself what needs to be done in order to become what he wants to be.

The games below: Draw a Figure, Pass the Drawing, Trusting Fall, Conspirator and Sculpture can be useful for those shy children who have difficulty communicating with adults.

Purpose of the game: remove communication barriers, increase trust in adults.

Age: children 6-12 years old

The game is attended by at least two children and two adults. Divided into pairs: one adult and one child. It is desirable that the child be paired with someone else's adult, but one should not insist if such a division causes a strong objection in a shy child. In this case, you can try to introduce a condition that the players must necessarily change partners, but again, do not insist in case of strong rejection of such a condition by a shy child. Often, the child, having got used to it during the game, offers this option himself.

The rules of the game are as follows: partners agree on what they will portray (the adult's task is to make sure that the idea is not too complicated and difficult to implement), after that one draws a figure on the back of the other with a finger, and the second depicts it with facial expressions, gestures, you can dance. The second pair guesses. A point is awarded (attention!) Not to those who guessed it, but to those who seem to have portrayed their plans.

Purpose of the game: development of optimism, development of communication skills.

Age: for children of primary and secondary school age)

An unlimited number of players can take part in the game. It resembles a "damaged phone", only the message is not whispered in the ear of the partner, but a sign or letter is drawn on his palm. You can’t peep. The icons don't have to be complicated. For example, it can be: simple geometric figures, a wavy line, a primitive face, a herringbone, a question or exclamation mark, an arrow, etc. Having received a picture message, the last in the chain calls out the hidden image. The players compare it with the original result and find out in which link in the chain the distortion occurred.

Conspirator

Target: to increase the degree of trust in the adult.

Age: for children of senior preschool and primary school age.

A group of children and one or more adults can take part in the game.

Players are placed in a circle facing the center. In the center of the circle, the driver is blindfolded. The players dance around him until he says, "Stop!" Then the driver must feel, starting from the head, to recognize all the players (they, of course, keep quiet). The recognized player leaves the circle. The best conspirator is the one who was recognized last.

Purpose of the game: to teach to trust another person.

Age: for older preschool age).

The minimum number of participants in the game is 3 people. The two agree on what figure they will represent, after which one player "sculpts" it from the other, gradually forcing him to take the necessary poses. The third player must guess what kind of sculpture it is.

The most pressing problem of a shy child is the topic rejection... Adults often do not consider it significant enough, which it is for the child himself. To correct this complex, T. L. Shishova recommends that adults turn to the games "Homeless kitten" and "Robot". We invite readers to take advantage of these games.

Homeless kitten

Purpose of the game: to make the child feel its importance, to increase self-esteem.

Age: for children 4-8 years old

The game can take place in the form puppet theater, and for schoolchildren - on the table using small figures (you can from kinder surprises). Kitten is the conventional name of the game. It can also be a bunny, a dog, a dinosaur, a crocodile, etc.

A Kitten lived in one house. He was cute and, most importantly, very affectionate. Other owners would not have hoped for him, but the owners of the Kitten (let the child figure out who they are, how many of them) behaved terribly with him (let him show him exactly how. Offer him to play the role of the Kitten, and another time switch roles) ... And then one day the Kitten found himself without a roof over his head ... (The owners either drove the Kitten out, or he ran away himself - leave the choice of the situation for the child. If the child wants, you can invent and show the adventures of a homeless Kitten, but you should not insist on this. It is important for the baby not to get used to the role of the rejected, but to more fully feel the joy of finding affectionate and caring loved ones). But then he met ... (let the child himself come up with a character who will shelter the Kitten). And since then the life of the Kitten has changed radically! (Do not be lazy and show in all details how you took care of him good character... Adults often find such a game boring, but for a lonely child, it is in these sentimental details that sometimes the most important, most intimate meaning lies.)

As discussed in the previous chapter, a child can learn to better understand another person through pictograms.

Mimicry in drawings

Target: to teach to recognize the feelings of another person.

Age: for primary school children

A pictogram is a set of cards that depict various emotions using simple signs. There are five pictograms in total. The first symbolizes a joyful face, consists of an oval (face), an inverted number seven (nose), two semi-ovals with tips down (eyebrows) and a semi-oval with tips up (mouth).

The second pictogram symbolizes a distressed face, consists of an oval, an inverted number seven, two oblique dashes converging at the top (eyebrows), and a semi-oval tip down (mouth).

The third pictogram, symbolizing the expression of fear, consists of an oval, an inverted number seven, two oblique lines converging at the top, and a circle (open mouth).

The fourth pictogram depicts an angry face and consists of an oval, an inverted number seven, two oblique lines converging at the bottom, and a rectangle or small oval (grinning mouth).

The fifth pictogram shows a surprised face, consisting of an oval, two seven dashes (eyebrows) raised high above the inverted number and a circle.

Description of the game with pictograms. Sets of five cards were used for each child. Children should, after looking at the pictograms, name the mood they symbolize. Then all the cards are cut along the line dividing the conventional face into the upper and lower parts, after which all the cards are mixed. Children are given the task to restore the pictograms by connecting them with scotch tape. It is recorded how successfully the children coped with the task, how quickly they could do it.

Fun exercise

Target: to liberate children, to provide a charge of vivacity for the whole day.

It is advisable to accompany the charging with music.

The adult tells, the children show. In order for the car to work, the engine must be started. A sleeping person is like a switched off car (children are "sleeping"). The body gets tired during the day, it needs rest - sleep. But there is a new day ahead and there are many, many interesting things and adventures ahead. We must prepare ourselves for them. Turn on, turn on your body. Let's jump to the floor! Each of you is the master of your body. You are awake cats, stretching out the front and then the hind legs. Or are we fallen back ladybugs? Will you be able to roll over without assistance? And now we are tigers creeping in the thickets. Let us become a reed in the wind and take its flexibility. Now let's take a deep breath and turn into balloons. A little more and we will fly. We stretch up like giraffes. Let's jump like a kangaroo to become as agile and strong. And now we are pendulums. Heavy bronze pendulums in antique clocks. We sway from side to side - and we have enough time for everything. Now let's start the plane. We spin its propeller with all our might. Let us bend like an Indian's bow and become just as resilient. Which of our two legs will jump higher today - left or right? Break your own record, sit down one more time than yesterday. You are a winner! The whole day will be ours! However, you can not do exercises, but crawl all day like an old sick turtle.

Aliens

Target: development of non-verbal communication skills.

Age

It is advisable to use external attributes: helmets for aliens, a cardboard model of a ship or a flying saucer, etc.

An interplanetary ship makes an emergency landing on an unfamiliar planet. This is the Earth. Aliens step on a foreign land and see a group of guys. But how do you make contact? After all, no one knows each other's language. And here gestures come to the rescue.

“Aliens” point their hand at some object (for example, a chair, bed, table, etc.), and earthlings, naming this object, must show its functional purpose with gestures. The game is accompanied by music.

During play, shy children need to gain understanding from their peers, which requires them to be active and confident.

Scout School

Target: to liberate children, create a friendly and free atmosphere in the group.

Age: for primary school age

It is advisable to use attributes prepared by the children themselves during the game.

One child acts as a "commander" (leader), the rest as scouts. Before the start of the game, the commander gives the command to line up in a line and acquaints the children with the game tasks that they have to complete. The following episodes are played out:

1) "Parachutists" - flight by plane. Children sit on high chairs, then stand on chairs and imitate a parachute jump (hands up - stretched and jumped to the floor), landed (squatted down).

2) "Foreign patrol". To avoid meeting the enemy, the scouts disguised themselves as trees. The wind blew - the trees swayed.

3) "The Pursuit". We are saving ourselves from the enemy, turning into bunnies, jumping. And behind us are dogs, we also turn into dogs. We bark loudly, growl and chase away other people's dogs.

4) "Zoo". Hiding in the zoo. Each child chooses an animal to show. At first, everyone sits in cages (behind chairs). The guys guess the depicted animals. After everyone has been recognized, the cells open, and the "animals" are released: they jump, run, shout, growl.

5) "Return". The scouts have successfully completed their combat mission and are returning home. First, we sail along the river in boats - children imitate rowing. But there is a high mountain ahead on the other side. It is imperative to overcome it. Children "climb" on chairs. Then, like small airplanes, they fly down the mountain. Children, arms outstretched, jump to the floor and "fly" in search of an airfield, they found - they landed.

6) "rewarding". All receive paper cut and painted medals. The commander marks those who have distinguished themselves.

7) "Hospital". The girls "treat" the wounded, injured during the mission. The game takes place without specific conditions, freely; "Nurses" act on their own.

Compliments

Target: formation of adequate self-esteem, development of communication skills.

Age: for senior preschool and primary school age

The game can take place in different form... The essence of the game is that children show each other verbal signs of attention. The one to whom this sign is addressed must adequately respond to it. Let's name several possible variants of this game.

Children stand in a circle and take turns saying something positive to one of the participants in the game. Signs of attention can mark personal qualities, appearance, skills, demeanor, etc. In response, the child says: "Thank you, I also think that I ..." (repeats what was said to him, and then he reinforces address: "I also think that I ...").

Option 2(ball is used).

The game takes place in a circle. The content of the game is the same, but the attention is given to the child to whom the ball was thrown. An adult makes sure that the ball hits all children.

Option 3.

The compliment is written on paper and passed on to the child sitting next to him, who writes something positive about the next child, etc.

As discussed in previous chapters, it is very important for a shy person to learn how to relax. Here are two options for psycho-muscular training for children, set out in the book by M. I. Chistyakova "Psycho-gymnastics".

Psychomuscular training without focusing on breathing

Bear cubs in a den (introductory game)

Age: for children 4-5 years old.

Autumn. It gets dark early. The cubs are sitting in a forest clearing and looking after their mother-bear leaving the forest thicket. She went to make their beds in the den. The cubs want to sleep. They go home one by one, as if following the trail of the bear. The cubs climb into their cribs and wait for the mother bear to play with them before bed. The she-bear is counting the cubs. Everything is in place, you can start the game.

Game with bumps

The mother bear throws cones to the cubs. They catch them and squeeze them with force in their paws. The buds are broken into small pieces. The cubs throw them in different directions and drop their legs along the body - the legs rest. Mom is throwing cones to the cubs again.

Repeat the game 2-3 times.

Bee game

The she-bear calls the golden bee to play with the cubs. Children raise their knees while making houses. The bee flies under the knees. The mother bear says: "It is flying!"

Repeat the game 2-3 times.

Cold hot

The mother bear left, a cold north wind blew and made its way through the cracks into the den. The cubs are frozen. They shrank into small balls - they are warming up. It got hot. The cubs turned around. The north wind blew again.

Repeat the game 2-3 times.

Play with a scarf (to relax the muscles of the neck).

Mom came and handed out scarves to the cubs so that they would no longer freeze. Half-asleep teddy bears, without opening their eyes, tied scarves around their necks. They turned the cubs head from side to side: good, warm to the necks.

The bee interferes with sleep (play of facial muscles).

A bee flew into the den again. She decided to sit on someone's tongue, but the cubs quickly gritted their teeth, made their lips a tube and began twisting them in different directions. The bee was offended and flew away. The cubs have opened their mouths slightly again, their tongue is resting. Mom-bear came and turned on the light. From the bright light, the cubs closed their eyes tightly and wrinkled their nose. Mom sees: everything is in order, she turned off the light. The cubs stopped squinting and wrinkling their nose. The bee flew in again. The cubs did not chase her away, but rolled her on their foreheads, moving their eyebrows up and down. The bee thanked the cubs for the pleasure and flew away to sleep.

Relaxation... The bear sang a lullaby for the cubs ("Lullaby for the cub"), and the cubs, having settled down more comfortably, began to doze. The bear went into the forest. (Pause). The bear returned and began to tell the cubs what they were dreaming of. All the cubs had the same dream: as if they were sitting in the bushes and looking at the children playing. (Pause). The she-bear tells the cubs that now they will hear wonderful music, and, addressing each bear cub individually, she tells how good they will be when they wake up (PI Tchaikovsky, "Sweet Dream"). Then she warns the cubs that soon morning and as soon as the lark sings, they will wake up. (Pause). The lark sings ("Song of the Lark"). The children stand up quickly and vigorously or, if required by the subsequent activities of the children, calmly and slowly stand up. With surprise and curiosity, the bear children look out of the den: they went to bed in the fall, and now it is spring. All winter, it turns out, the cubs slept in the den.

The host invites the cubs to turn into children again.

Rest option... The presenter invites the children to sit down comfortably, relax and listen to gentle music with their eyes closed. With the end of the music, the children open their eyes and quietly stand up.

Psychomuscular training with focusing on breathing

By the sea (introductory game)

Age: for children 6-7 years old.

Children play on the seashore (play with pebbles), splash in the water. Having bathed a lot, children come out of the water and lie down on the sand of the beach warmed by the sun ... They close their eyes from the bright sun. They spread their arms and legs in pleasant laziness.

Playing with sand (for tension and relaxation of the muscles of the arms).

Pick up imaginary sand (while inhaling). Strongly clenching your fingers into a fist, hold the sand in your hands (holding your breath). Sprinkle sand on your knees, gradually opening your fingers (as you exhale). Shake the sand off your hands by relaxing your hands and fingers. To drop powerless hands along the body: too lazy to move with heavy hands.

Repeat playing with sand 2-3 times.

Playing with an ant (for tension and relaxation of the leg muscles).

An ant (ants) has climbed onto the toes and runs over them. Pull the socks over yourself with force, the legs are tense, straight (as you inhale). Leave the socks in this position, listen to which finger the ant is sitting on (holding the breath). By instantly relieving tension in your feet, throw the ant off your toes (as you exhale). Socks go down - to the sides, relax your legs: your legs are resting.

Repeat the game 2-3 times.

The sun and the cloud (for tension and relaxation of the muscles of the trunk).

The sun went behind a cloud, it became fresh - to shrink into a ball to keep warm (hold your breath). The sun came out from behind a cloud. Hot - relax - worn out in the sun (on exhalation).

Water got into my ears

While lying on your back, shake your head rhythmically, shaking out water from one ear, then from the other.

Face tans (for tension and relaxation of the neck muscles).

The chin tans - substitute the chin for the sun, slightly unclench the lips and teeth (as you exhale). A bug flies, is going to sit down on the tongue of one of the children. Close your mouth tightly (holding your breath). The bug flew away. Open your mouth slightly, exhale the air with relief. Chasing the bug away, you can vigorously move your lips. The nose tans - expose the nose to the sun, the mouth is half-open. A butterfly is flying. Chooses whose nose to sit on. Wrinkle your nose, raise your upper lip up, leave your mouth half-open (holding your breath). The butterfly flew away. Relax the muscles of the lips and nose (as you exhale). Eyebrows - swing: the butterfly flew in again. Let the butterfly swing on the swing. Move your eyebrows up and down. The butterfly flew away completely. I want to sleep, relaxation of the muscles of the face. Without opening your eyes, crawl into the shade, take a comfortable position.

Relaxation. Sleep by the sea .

Children listen to the sound of the sea (V. Uspensky). The presenter tells the children that they all have the same dream, and tells its content: the children see what they were doing during the day. (Pause). The presenter tells the children on what signal to wake up (according to the count, when the music starts playing, etc.). (Pause). A signal sounds. Children get up vigorously (or, if the situation requires it, slowly and calmly).

Rest option. The facilitator tells the children the name of the play they will listen to and invites them to take a comfortable position and close their eyes. Music plays (C. Saint-Saens, "The Swan"). With the end of the music, the children quietly get up and approach the presenter.

Aggressive child

Streamline the system of requirements, watch your actions, showing your child a personal (positive) example.

Maintain discipline, follow the established rules.

Teach your child to self-control by example.

Let your child know that you love him the way he is.

Channel his energy in a positive direction (for example, sports, where the child can learn to control emotions, control his behavior (martial arts, boxing, wushu), drawing, singing).

When presenting your requirements to the child, consider his capabilities, not your desires.

Ignore mild manifestations of aggressiveness, do not fix the attention of others on them.

Include the child in joint activities, emphasize his importance in the work being done.

Establish a strict prohibition on the manifestation of aggression in the case when the aggression, not being a defensive reaction, serves as a kind of "entertainment" for the child.

Teach your child to feel sorry. He must understand that his behavior gives grief, causes suffering to loved ones.

Never make your child forget that he is kind. For example, tell him: "Why are you doing this, because you are good, kind!"

Practice emotional rewards for being kind. In this case, the child will quickly be able to outgrow the "natural age-related aggressiveness" and learn to be humane and kind.

In the event that a child has a need to throw out aggressive emotions, he is given such an opportunity in the game.

You can offer him the following games: fight with a pillow; tear paper; using the “screaming glass” to express your negative emotions; beat the chair with an inflatable hammer; sing your favorite song out loud; pour water into the bathtub, throw several plastic toys into it and bomb them with a ball; run a few laps around the house or along the corridor; throw the ball against the wall; arrange a competition "Who will shout louder", "Who will jump higher", "Who will run faster".

If possible, restrain the child's aggressive impulses just before their manifestation, stop the hand raised for the blow, shout out to the child.

Teach your child to express their negative emotions in a socially acceptable manner. At the first stage, invite the child to transfer his anger from a living object to a non-living one (For example: "If you want to hit, hit the chair instead of me"), and then teach the child to express his feelings and experiences in verbal form.

Remember that you need to deal with aggressiveness with patience, explanation, encouragement.

There are several steps to overcome aggressive behavior in a child.

1 step - stimulation of humane feelings:

- stimulate in aggressive children the ability to admit their own mistakes, feelings of awkwardness, guilt for aggressive behavior;

- teach him not to blame others;

- develop in the child a sense of empathy, compassion for others, peers, adults and the living world.

For instance:

· "Misha, don't you feel sorry for other children?"

· "If you don't feel sorry for others, then no one will feel sorry for you either."

· Ask the child why the offended child is crying.

· Offer to make peace with the offended child ("Make peace, make peace and don't fight anymore ...")

2 step - orientation to the emotional state of the other.

Strive to draw, draw attention to the state of another, without expressing an evaluative attitude to what happened.

For instance:

· "Do you feel like a winner now?", "Who is feeling bad now, what do you think?"

· If an aggressive child witnessed how they offended Lena, the adult suggests to him: "Let's pity Lena!"

· “Do you think now only you feel bad or someone else?”, “Are you sad now?”, “Are you angry?”, “Do you feel tired and don’t want to talk to anyone?”.

3 step - awareness of aggressive and insecure behavior or state:

- help the aggressive child to adequately assess the emotional state of the child-victim, and not just his own;

- try to understand the nature of aggressiveness - defensive or more similar to cruelty without sympathy for the offended;

- stimulate children's awareness of the characteristics of irascible and insecure behavior;

- strive to put the aggressive child in the place of the child victim;

- talk to aggressive child about the palette of his own emotional states;

- ask him more often about options for getting out of a conflict situation;

- Explain in what other non-aggressive ways he can assert himself;

- Tell us what an outburst is and what it means to “control” your own aggression, and why it is necessary to do it.

- ask the child in what cases he most often becomes angry, loses control over himself;

- Explain to your child why it is necessary and what it means to “control” your own aggression.

For instance:

· You hit Vera because ... and why?

· An adult says: “Now I’ll take a piece of paper and portray an angry face. It's a wolf! Dima, take an elastic band and portray an evil face from a wolf (or not an evil one)! Why do you think the wolf has an evil face? "

· These questions can also be addressed to the child victim of bullying. “Why do you think Igor offended you? Why else? "

Strategies for correcting aggressive behavior in children

Aggressive Behavior Response Strategy:

- help your child to express negative emotional states not with anger and hostility, but with other emotions and behavior;

- learn to throw out anger in an acceptable form;

- teach an aggressive child to speak in words about what he likes or dislikes;

- teach your child to express aggression in words, and not physical aggression;

- strive to use a sense of humor, explain to a child prone to aggression, the following: "If someone barks at you, then do not bark (react) in response."

State switching strategy:

- stimulate positive emotions in the child in order to switch from an aggressive state to another. Use the novelty, unusual, unexpectedness of playful and non-playful behavior and actions with objects to switch the child to non-aggressive behavior.

Strategy for the prevention of aggressive states:

- for a child: do not hang labels on an aggressive child: angry, bully, fighter, mischievous and more offensive;

- in an adult: remember that you have many ways to change behavior.

Games for aggressive children

Sparrow fights (removal of physical aggression).

Children choose a pair and turn into pugnacious "sparrows" (crouch, hugging their knees with their hands). "Sparrows" bounce sideways to each other, push. Who of the children falls or removes his hands from his knees, he is out of the game (they treat the "wings" and paws of Dr. Aibolit). "Fights" begin and end at the signal of an adult.

A minute of pranks (psychological relief).

The presenter on a signal (hitting a tambourine, etc.) invites the children to be naughty: everyone does what he wants - jumping, running, tumbling, etc. The presenter's repeated signal after 1-3 minutes announces the end of the pranks.

Kind - evil cats (removal of general aggression).

Children are encouraged to form a large circle with a hoop in the center. This is the "magic circle" in which "transformations" will take place. The child goes inside the hoop and at the signal of the leader (clap his hands, the sound of a bell, the sound of a whistle) turns into a feisty, contemptuous cat: hisses and scratches. At the same time, one cannot leave the "magic circle". Children standing around the hoop repeat in chorus after the presenter: "Stronger, stronger, stronger ..." - and the child depicting a cat makes more and more "evil" movements. On a repeated signal from the leader, the “transformations” end, after which another child enters the hoop and the game is repeated. When all the children have been in the "magic circle", the hoop is removed, the children are divided into pairs and again turn into angry cats at the signal of an adult. (If someone did not have enough pair, then the presenter himself can participate in the game.) The categorical rule: do not touch each other! If it is violated, the game immediately stops, the presenter shows an example of possible actions, and then continues the game. On a repeated signal, the "cats" stop and can exchange pairs. At the final stage of the game, the host invites the "evil cats" to become kind and affectionate. At the signal, children turn into kind cats that caress each other.

Karate player (removal of physical aggression).

Children form a circle with a hoop in the center - a "magic circle". In the "magic circle" the child "turns" into a karateka (legs movements). Children standing around the hoop, together with the leading chorus, say: "Stronger, stronger, stronger ..." - helping the player to throw out aggressive energy with the most intense actions.

Boxer (removal of physical aggression).

This is a variant of the game "Karate player", and it is carried out in a similar way, but the actions in the hoop can only be performed with hands. Fast, strong movements are encouraged.

Stubborn (capricious) child (overcoming stubbornness, negativism).

Children entering the circle (hoop) take turns showing the capricious child. Everyone helps with the words: "Stronger, stronger, stronger ...". Then the children are divided into pairs "parent and child": the child is capricious, the parent persuades him to calm down. Each player must be in the role of a capricious child and persuasive parent.

Stubborn pillow (removal of general aggression, negativism, stubbornness).

Adults prepare a “magic, stubborn pillow” (in a dark pillowcase) and introduce the child to a fairy tale game: “The fairy magician gave us a pillow. This pillow is not simple, but magical. Children are stubborn inside her. It is they who make you be capricious and stubborn. Let's get rid of the stubborn ones. " The child hits the pillow with all his might, and the adult says: "Stronger, stronger, stronger!" When the child's movements become slower, play gradually stops. An adult offers to listen to "stubborn in the pillow:" Are all the stubborn crawling out and what are they doing? " The child puts his ear to the pillow and listens. “The stubborn ones are frightened and are silent in the pillow,” the adult replies (this technique calms the child after arousal).

Clowns swear (removal of verbal aggression).

The presenter says: “The clowns showed the children a performance, amused them, and then began to teach the children to swear. Angrily swear at each other with vegetables and fruits. " Attention is drawn to adequate, angry intonation. Children can choose pairs, change partners, "swear" together or take turns "scold" all the children. An adult leads the game, announces the beginning and end of the game with a signal, stops if other words or physical aggression are used. Then the game continues, changing the emotional mood of the children. The host says: "When the clowns taught the children to swear, the parents didn't like it." Clowns, continuing the game, teach children not only to swear with vegetables and fruits, but also to affectionately call each other flowers. Intonation must be adequate. The children again split into pairs and affectionately call each other flowers.

"Zhuzha" (removal of general collective aggression).

The presenter chooses "Juju", which sits on a chair (in the house), the other children begin to tease "Juju", grimacing in front of her.

“Zhuzha, zhuzha, come out,

Zhuzha, Zhuzha, catch up! "

"Zhuzha" looks out of the window of his house, shows his fists. stomps his feet in anger, and when the children go beyond the "magic line", he runs out and catches the children. Whoever “Zhuzha” has caught is eliminated from the game (he is captured by “Zhuzha”).

Little ghost (training in an acceptable form to release the accumulated anger).

The host says: “Let's play good little ghosts. We wanted to play a little hooligan and scare each other a little. According to my clap, you will make such a movement with your hands (an adult raises his arms bent at the elbows, fingers spread out) and utter the sound "U" in a terrible voice, if I clap loudly, you will scare loudly. But remember that we are kind ghosts and only want to joke. " The adult claps his hands. At the end of the game, the ghosts turn into children.

"Kicking".

The child lies on his back on the carpet. Legs are freely spread. Slowly he starts kicking, touching the floor with his whole leg. Legs alternate and rise high. The force and speed of kicking is gradually increasing. For each kick, the child says “No,” increasing the intensity of the kick.

Doll "Bobo".

When the child manages to throw out the accumulated energy, he becomes calm and balanced. This means that if you allow the child to take out aggression on any object, some of the problems associated with his behavior will be solved. For this purpose, a special "Bobo" doll is used. You can make it yourself, for example from a pillow: sew hands and feet made of fabric to the old pillow, make a "face" - and the doll is ready. You can make it more dense. To do this, sew an oblong-shaped cover, attach the "arms", "legs" and "face" to it, stuff it tightly with cotton wool or sand and sew it up. A child can calmly beat and kick such a doll, taking out negative feelings accumulated during the day on it. By painlessly expressing their aggression, the child becomes more calm in Everyday life... Important! Do not use for these purposes a ready-made toy depicting an animal, a baby - "Bobo" should be. a little impersonal.

Fight.

“Imagine that you had a fight with a friend. A fight is about to begin. Take a deep breath, grit your teeth tightly, clench your fists as tightly as possible, press your fingers into your palms until painful, hold your breath for a few seconds. Think: maybe you shouldn't fight? Exhale and relax. Hooray! The troubles are over! Shake your hands. Did you feel relief? "

"Go away, anger, go away!"

The players lie down on the carpet in a circle. There are pillows between them. Closing their eyes, they begin to kick with all their strength on the floor, and with their hands on the pillows, shouting: "Go away, angry, go away!" The exercise lasts 3 minutes, then the participants, at the command of an adult, lie in the "star" pose, arms and legs spread wide, and lie quietly, listening to calm music for 3 minutes.

Important! All games should end positively, you need to help the child (or a group of children) to calm down. It is especially worth considering hyperactive children - it is difficult for them to “switch” from one emotion to another, “move” from an excited state to a calm one.

Hyperactive child

Try to contain your violent passions whenever possible, especially if you are upset or unhappy with your child's behavior. Emotionally support the children in all attempts at constructive, positive behavior, no matter how small. Cultivate an interest in knowing and understanding your child more deeply.

Avoid categorical words and expressions, harsh assessments, reproaches, threats, which can create a tense atmosphere and cause conflict in the family. Try to say “no”, “no”, “stop” less often - it is better to try to switch the baby's attention, and if you succeed, do it easily, with humor.

Watch your speech, try to speak in a calm voice. Anger and resentment are difficult to control. When expressing dissatisfaction, do not manipulate or humiliate your child.

Useful games and exercises

Relaxation games:

Exercise "Snowman" (for children under 8 years old)

This exercise can be turned into a small game where the child will play the role of a snowman:

Winter came. The guys blinded a snowman in the yard. It turned out to be a beautiful snowman (you need to ask the child to portray a snowman).

He has a head, a torso, two arms that stick out to the sides, he stands on two strong legs ...

At night, a cold, cold wind blew, and our snowman began to freeze.

First, his head froze (ask the child to strain his head and neck), then his shoulders (the child strains his shoulders), then his torso (the child strains his trunk).

And the wind is blowing more and more, wants to destroy the snowman. The snowman rested on his legs (the child strains his legs strongly), and the wind did not manage to destroy it.

The wind flew away, morning came, the sun looked out, saw a snowman and decided to warm it up. The sun began to bake, the snowman began to melt.

The head began to melt first (the child lowers his head freely), then the shoulders (the child relaxes and lowers his shoulders). Then the arms melted (hands gently lower), the torso (the child, as if settling, bends forward), legs (the legs are gently bent at the knees).

The sun warms, the snowman melts and turns into a puddle spreading over the ground ...

Then, if the child has such a desire, the snowman can be "blind" again.

Exercise "Orange"

The child lies on his back or sits comfortably.

Ask him to imagine that he is holding an orange in his right hand.

Let the baby try to squeeze out as much healthy juice as possible from the juicy fruit (the child's hand should be clenched into a fist and very tense for 8-10 seconds).

Then the fist is unclenched, the hand is resting.

Then the orange is in the left hand, and the procedure for squeezing juice from it is repeated.

It is advisable to do the exercise twice in a row. When squeezing the juice a second time, the orange can be replaced with lemon.

Attention games:

Performing these and similar exercises every day can significantly improve your child's ability to concentrate. The main thing is to make the classes systematic. You will see the first results after two months.

Detective "Sharp Eye"

In order to win this game, the child needs to be very attentive and be able not to be distracted by extraneous things.

Choose a small toy or object for your little one to find.

Give him a chance to remember what it is, especially if it's a new thing in the house.

Ask your child to leave the room.

When he does this, leave the selected object in an accessible place, but so that it does not immediately catch the eye.

In this game, you cannot hide objects in table drawers, in a closet, behind a curtain and similar closed places. The toy should be positioned so that the child can find it without touching objects in the room - he just needs to carefully examine them.

"Little teacher"

This game is especially popular with those who are in elementary school. At this age, children easily identify with the teacher and enjoy playing “school”, where the child acts as a teacher, and father, mother, or, for example, a favorite teddy bear, act as a negligent student.

By doing homework, you (or a schoolboy - a bear in your face), have to write off several sentences from the book. At the same time, you must deliberately make several mistakes in your text. It is better not to make spelling or punctuation mistakes, because the child may not know some of the rules. But it is possible to admit omissions of letters, changes in endings, misspellings, inconsistency of words in the face and case.

Have the little teacher check your work. When all errors are found, invite him to rate for such cheating. Be mentally prepared that your son or daughter with obvious pleasure will "stick" a deuce into your imaginary diary.

Examples of texts with errors:

Task number 1

1) Children sing a song in chorus.

2) Apples grow on the oak.

3) Grandma knits a sock.

4) Igor drinks sc.

5) Sparrows sit on the branches of old birches.

6) Tomorrow I went to the library.

7) Books, notebooks, bloons lay on the table.

8) The boy draws with krakami.

9) Olya washes her hands with ml.

10) The peacock has a beautiful tail.

Task number 2

1) Mom will make raspberry jam yesterday.

2) The hare is eating sweet carrots.

3) There is a pair of roller skates in the suitcase.

4) There is a red tomato on the table.

5) Vitya will sleep on the ceiling.

6) Masha ate a lot of ice cream, and her throat hurt.

7) Petya launches a kite.

8) Girls weave wreaths over dandelions.

9) Irinka jumps through the skipping rope.

10) A woodpecker knocks on a tree.

Anxious child

Refer to your child by name more often;

Celebrate your child's progress daily by sharing it with other family members in front of him (for example, during a shared dinner);

Do not compare the child with others, rather compare his success or behavior with his success in previous situations;

Refuse words that demean the dignity of the child;

Do not demand an apology from the child for the offense, it is better to let him explain why he did it;

Try to make as few comments as possible to the child;

Be unanimous and consistent in your actions, encouraging and punishing the child;

Do not make excessive or unreasonable demands on the child;

Demonstrate examples of confident behavior, be an example to the child in everything;

Promote the child's self-esteem, praise him more often, but so that he knows why;

Discuss with your child difficult and conflict situations in which he finds himself or may find himself;

Trust your child, be honest with him and accept him for who he is.

Useful games and exercises

Improving the child's self-esteem

To achieve success in this matter, it is necessary that the adult himself see the dignity of the child, treat him with respect (and not only love) and be able to notice all his successes (even the smallest ones). In addition, an adult should often praise a child, and it is very important to do it right: children should always know what they are being praised for, and understand that praise is not just a reflection of the mood of a teacher or parent, but an assessment of his specific performance. With regard to educational matters, this is easy to do: here it is easy to see that today the letter is more beautiful than yesterday, or in the dictation of mistakes there are no longer fifteen, but only ten. But as far as behavior or communication is concerned, it is not easy to evaluate the success of children even for teachers.

Therefore, it is better for you to think in advance which positive qualities the child already has and which ones he needs to acquire. Also think about how you will let your child know that you see his successes and dignity? If you mentally answered these questions, it means that you are sufficiently armed and ready to insure the child on the path of self-change. Now feel free to play with him the games and exercises described below, and try to enjoy it so that your child feels like an interesting person with whom it is pleasant to communicate.

"Piggy bank of achievements"

This is very good game, which should develop into the habit of seeing and appreciating your little victories every day. You can really achieve such a seemingly global goal if you systematically use this game technique. In the future, it will be possible to replace it with an oral discussion of their daily achievements.

So, take some cardboard box or a capacious jar and, together with your child, arrange it as he would like the piggy bank to look like his main values ​​- small and large personal successes in life. Perhaps, on the surface of this piggy bank, drawings will appear, reflecting objects that are somehow connected with the concept of "success", or they will just be pretty patterns. Leave the choice for the boy or girl. Prepare small pieces of paper separately. Now enter the rule: when a child returns home, he must remember and write on this piece of paper some evidence of the success he has achieved today. So, phrases will appear on the notes: "I read the poem well at the blackboard", "I drew an excellent drawing on the theme" Autumn "," I gave a gift to my grandmother, which she really liked "," Still I was able to write a test in mathematics for "five" , although he was afraid "and many others. These records are put in the piggy bank of achievements. It is important that even in the most dysfunctional day, the child can find something that he succeeded." their strengths, especially if parents and other family members treat his small victories with respect (and not from the height of their years and experience).

You can turn to this piggy bank when it seems to the child that he has met with insurmountable difficulties for him, or during periods when his critical look is directed at his abilities and he sees himself as a worthless loser. During these times, it is helpful to remember that your child has a history of overcoming adversity and achieving success. This will help him to be in a positive mood.

Note. This game can be used first to raise the child's self-esteem as a whole, and then to increase self-confidence in a specific matter, for example, learning Russian at school. Then in your "piggy bank of achievements in the Russian language" there will be records of the type: "I immediately remembered the new rule and understood the topic", "I wrote the presentation well - close to the text", "I made only one mistake in my essay", etc.

"Star of apartment number 10"

(the number must match the number of your apartment)

Although this game is aimed at helping a child, it is intended, rather, for adults. It is they who must reinforce the child's self-esteem, show him all the best that is in him.

Create a small stand in your apartment dedicated to your child. Specify the time of its use, let's say a week or two. During this period, your child will become the "star of your apartment", as all other household members will follow his progress, celebrate his dignity. Place a photograph of the child in the center of the stand. Next, glue the petals on which you will make notes (you can make a simpler version, it will be more pleasant for middle school students - in the form of a fence on which everyone writes what they want and in any place). During the specified time, inscriptions made by family members should appear on this stand concerning both the permanent characteristics of the child, which they value, and those achievements and good deeds that they have noticed during the current day. If desired, the child himself can add any note about himself.

Note. If there are several children in your family, then, of course, you need to create the same "star" stand for others, but you need to use them in turn - the "star of your apartment" should feel its exclusivity and uniqueness within the time allotted to it, get full volume attention of loved ones, at least in the game without sharing it with brothers and sisters. After the stand expires, it is given to the child himself as a souvenir, and he, if he wants, can place it in his room.

"Sun"

This is a great game that allows you to get from others "psychological stroking" that is so necessary for every person in order to feel loved, needed, and successful. Therefore, it must be carried out in an atmosphere of benevolence, surrounded by people important to the child. A perfect occasion for this is a child's birthday. You can organize this game when small and large guests are full and ready for communication and entertainment.

Switch their attention to the child with the words: "Look, our birthday boy is completely cold. Let's play the game" Sunny "and warm him all together!" Have all guests sit in a circle (if there are not enough chairs, you can stand or sit on the floor). Place your child in the center. Give each guest one colored pencil. Explain that this is a ray of sunshine. It can be presented to the chilled one with kind words, saying that the guest likes the birthday boy, for which he can be respected. Set an example for yourself by saying one compliment sentence to your child and giving him a ray. The one who is being warmed should not forget to say "thank you", you can add "very nice" if he is especially happy to hear something. Then all the guests in a circle say something good and give the child their pencil. During this, the child turns to face the speaker.

Note. Young guests attending the holiday may also have a desire to be "warmed up", to be in the spotlight. You can give them this opportunity by repeating the game, or you can leave it for such special cases promising the guys that there are many more to come interesting games(don't forget to keep promises made to children right away).

"Complete the sentence"

No matter how many people around tell the child about how wonderful he is, the most important is the moment when the child accepts their opinion and agrees that he really has a number of advantages and deserves respect. So this game is good way check what your child accepted for himself and how it affected his self-attitude.

Take the ball. Explain to the child the rules of the game: you will throw the ball to him and start a sentence, and he must throw it back, naming the ending that came to his mind. All suggestions will concern the child. The same "beginnings" can fly to the child several times, but the "endings" invented by him should be different. Now throw a ball to the child with the words: "I can ...", "I can ...", "I want to learn ...".

Note. Repeat each beginning of the sentence several times so that the child realizes how much he can do, which he usually did not think about, and after all, he once learned it.

The ability to relax

Being able to relax is important for all children, but for anxious children it is simply a necessity, because the state of anxiety is accompanied by a clamping of various muscle groups. Teaching a child to relax is not as easy as it seems at first glance. Children know well what it is to sit down, get up, run, but what it means to relax is not entirely clear to them. Therefore, some relaxation games are based on the easiest way to teach this state. It consists in the following rule: after a strong muscle tension, their relaxation follows by itself.

In addition to this principle, children’s ability to fantasize is also used in the games described below. Here, the harmony of body and soul helps us: when a child imagines something very pleasant and calm, his body also relaxes. However, this method works well only with children who have reached the senior preschool age, and the first one can be applied at any age period.

Beyond special play exercises for relaxation, it is good to use tactile contact with the child, massage and simply rubbing the body are also useful.

"Fight"

This game will help the child relax the muscles of the lower face and hands, as well as release emotional stress and partially express the aggression, which anxious children try never to vent.

Help your child imagine this situation. They quarreled with a friend. He was terribly angry. Now he really wants to give a good spank to his friend. Therefore, his fists are clenched tightly, even the bones are white (let the child depict this, clenching his fists with force). The jaws are closed, tension is felt in them. (Your child should feel this tension, clenching his teeth tightly) The child even held his breath from excitement before the fight (ask him to hold his breath for a few seconds in this state). And then the boy (girl) looked at his friend and remembered how he once helped him out. Maybe you shouldn't fight? The child exhaled and relaxed (have your child do the same). Now all questions can be resolved calmly.

Note. As you probably already guessed, this game is useful not only with anxious, but also with aggressive children. For them, there is an important corrective moment here: the joy of relaxation (physical and emotional) is associated with the decision not to fight, but to resolve conflicts peacefully.

"Mouth on the lock"

This exercise will help your child learn to relax the lips and lower jaw by depicting what the figurative expression "Lock the mouth!" Looks like in reality. Have the child purse his lips tightly. Now, without letting go, he will tighten them so that they are not visible at all. So you need to hold out for a few seconds, delighting the parents with silence, and then you can relax your lips. Emphasize to the child that his lips are now soft and relaxed again.

Note. It is advisable to repeat this game several times for greater effect. To prevent the child from getting bored, you can alternate it with a similar game "Elephant", when a boy or girl pulls his lips forward with a tube, depicting the trunk of an elephant, and then relax them.

"Balloon"

This game will help you learn how to relax your abdominal muscles. First, remember with your child the last time you inflated the balloons. How does the ball change as air comes in? Of course, it increases in size and strains, it becomes difficult to push its walls with a finger. Now let the child pretend to be like this balloon... You need to take a very deep breath and hold your breath. Ask the player to place their hand on their stomach and feel if they have become round and tense. If you do, you can breathe out and feel how nice it is when your stomach is relaxed. Repeat the game three to five more times: tension on inhalation, hold for a few seconds, exhale and relax.

Note. Pay attention to the fact that it is the stomach that is straining, watch the child's shoulders - they should not rise. The second important point is that the exhalation should be done without effort, the air will come out on its own if you stop straining your stomach.

"Magic journey"

In fact, this is a meditation game that helps to relax not only the muscles, but also the soul, being carried away by thoughts into the sky. Invite your child to sit comfortably and close their eyes. You can turn on some kind of smooth, pleasant melody (music must be without words!). Explain that you will now be playing a magical journey. Ask your child to relax, take a deep breath, exhale, and try to imagine what you will be talking about.

And you can tell something like the following.

"Imagine that we are sitting in a room and looking out the window, and there is a blue-blue sky. Clouds are slowly floating across the sky. It is very beautiful. Suddenly we see that one fluffy cloud is approaching our window. Its shape resembles a pony. We admired this spectacle, and the cloud swam very close to us. Look, it waves its paw, as if inviting us to sit down! We carefully open the window and sit on the warm cloud. Make yourself comfortable, feel how soft and cozy it is. You can even lie down. will we fly? Probably, you need to think about a place where you always feel good. Think about such a place.

Note. Pay close attention to the child's story - it can contain very important information about where and from what your son (daughter) feels most comfortable. And this can already be used not only for fantastic travel, but also in order to "make a fairy tale come true."

"Waterfall of Light"

This game also uses a child's imagination. She will teach you to relax your body and get joy. The skills of this game are already closer to the relaxation methods used by adults.

So, let the child sit comfortably (or lie down), relax, breathe deeply several times and exhale calmly. Further, his task is to imagine as vividly as possible what you are telling him, to feel it with his whole body.

Slowly, with pauses and very soft intonations, tell your child about this.

"Imagine that you are standing at an extraordinary waterfall. There is no water in it, and instead of it soft sunlight streams down. Come closer to this waterfall, stand under its jets. Feel how this wonderful light falls on your head. It relaxes all the muscles. Here the forehead, mouth, neck have become relaxed. Wherever such a light beam has passed, the body is calm, warm and seems to glow. Warm light flows down to the shoulders, to the arms - they have become very pliable, soft. Streams of light flow down the back , and you feel the tension disappear in it. The waterfall washes away the tension from your chest, from the abdomen. It is pleasant for you to feel that you are breathing calmly and easily. Streams of light move along your hands, elbows, fingers. There is not even a drop of tightness left anywhere. The light flows through the legs, to the feet, to the toes ... Now your whole body glows with warm light. It is relaxed and soft. You breathe easily. You feel how your body has released tension and is filled with fresh strength. Stay under this in until I count to ten, and then you will open your eyes cheerful and rested. "

Note. The child may not be able to complete this exercise right away. Do not be upset about this. Periodic training will not be in vain. But if, observing the child during this meditation, you do not see how the tension really leaves his body in waves, then try to repeat this game at another time, preferably before bedtime, when the child is already in a calm, half-asleep state.

"My pearl"

The image of a pearl is most suitable to represent all that is the best, valuable and unique that is in each person. Someone has these qualities in sight and others can appreciate them, like pearls inserted into earrings or pendants. And someone hides them, as in a sea shell, under their modesty, solitude, external unremarkableness. But everyone has them, and it is important that the child knows this. Before you start playing, it would be nice for your child to refresh their memory of the sea pearl. So you can "accidentally" go with him to the nearest jewelry shop where to draw his attention to your favorite pearl products. It is important that it is not artificial, but natural pearls... On your way home, you can start an informative conversation about the origin of pearls and how they have been valued at all times (including stories of pearl divers). If you conduct the game "My Pearl" some time after this mini-excursion, then the image in the child's imagination will be more natural and rich.

So, invite your child to sit down and relax. Have him close his eyes and breathe in and out deeply several times. Now you can invite him on a journey through the inner space. Ideally, if you have a melody that includes the sounds of the sea (of course, without words) as a musical accompaniment.

You can start a meditation story: "The soul of every person is like the sea. Either it is light and calm, the sun glare shines on its surface, delighting others. Then a storm will come, waves bubble, crush and sweep away everything that comes in their way. moments around can be afraid of the sea and avoid it. But whatever the weather, everything is different at the bottom of the sea. Let's try to sink into the transparent turquoise water column. You see, a flock of small shiny fish are swimming by us? starfish... We swim deeper. There, at the very bottom of the sea, lies the true treasure of your soul. This is a gem. Only you can take it in your hands. Come closer and look at her. What kind of light does it emit? What are its dimensions? Where does it lie? Take it gently in your hands. Other people have such pearls in their souls, but nowhere even two are alike.

Can you hear the sounds? She probably wants to tell you something important about yourself! Listen to her carefully, because she knows that you are unique, good, special. Did you hear well what she told you? If so, then gently lower the pearl back to the bottom of your soul. Thank her for making you feel happy. Well, it's time to swim back. When I count to ten, you will swim to the surface of the sea, emerge and open your eyes. "

Note. This game will quietly perform two tasks at once: relieving muscle and emotional tension in a child and raising his self-esteem, faith in his uniqueness and need.

"Get the star"

"To get a star from the sky" means in our language to do something impossible, to achieve fantastic success, to make a dream come true. Well, now you and your child will do this using your imagination.

Unlike previous games, the child must stand up comfortably and close his eyes. Then, as before, he will try to imagine and do what you are telling him about. If you want, you can play a suitable slow music, which will become the sound background for your words:

"Imagine that you are standing in a clearing. Above you is a dark night sky, all strewn with stars. They shine so brightly that they seem very close. The clearing is flooded with a soft, soft blue light. People say that when a star falls, you need make a wish, and it will certainly come true. They also say that the star cannot be reached. But maybe they just didn’t try? Find the brightest star in the sky with your mind's eye. What dream does it remind you of? Imagine what you would like. Now open your eyes, take a deep breath, hold your breath and try to reach the star. It's not easy: stretch as hard as you can, tighten your arms, stand on tiptoe. , your happiness is in your hands! Put your star in front of you in a beautiful basket. Rejoice looking at it. You did something very important. Now you can rest a little. Close your eyes. Again mentally look at the sky. Are there any more stars, reminding you of other cherished your dreams? If there is, then take a close look at the chosen luminary. Now open your eyes, breathe in and reach for your new goal! "

Note. This game, as you already understood, combines both methods of relaxation: mental meditation and the alternation of intense tension with relaxation. In addition, it has an important psychological meaning - it sets the child up to achieve success, teaches them to believe in the unlimitedness of their capabilities, not to give up their dreams!

The ability to manage yourself

This is the third very important direction in working with anxious children. It involves the transition from new acquisitions inner peace the child (in the form of higher self-esteem and the ability to relax, to make one's condition comfortable) to their external expression. That is, we must teach the child to apply our knowledge and skills in practice, so that not only his perception, but also his behavior changes.

When parents of anxious children turn to a psychologist, they usually want to go straight to this point, bypassing the work on the steps of self-esteem and relaxation that are invisible to the naked eye. But for the correction of the child's behavior to be effective, competent and systematic work is needed at the previous stages. So take your time to skip to this section. Classes using the games described here, of course, can be started in parallel with the previously proposed games, but not from the very beginning, but when part of the assistance program has already been completed.

"Portrait of a Brave Man"

First of all, we note that anxious children are overly prone to constant self-assessment and self-criticism. In addition, in their imagination there is usually an image of a brave person - a certain standard who is not afraid of anything. Therefore, the task of this game is not to help the child realize his shortcomings, but, rather, to realize his ideal and make it more real and achievable.

So, ask your son or daughter to imagine a brave person. What does he look like? How does it walk? How does he communicate with other people? How does one handle difficult situations? When the picture appears in fantasy, ask to reflect it on a piece of paper. Discuss the resulting drawing. Have the child give a name to the drawn brave person. Then ask if this, say, Nikita has anxiety or fears? Most likely, you will receive a negative answer, because a very brave person is drawn, akin to a winning superhero. Then ask leading questions that should lead the child to the conclusion that there are no people who are not afraid of anything. A courageous person is someone who can deal with their anxiety and fears.

That is, your task in this game is to "humanize" the image of the drawn daredevil as much as possible, to make it more accessible to the child. Therefore, in addition to questions about character traits such as courage, you can be interested in the favorite dishes of a brave person and how he likes to spend free time, with whom he is friends, etc.

When you feel that the image has become more real, you can ask the child an unexpected question for him: "How do you resemble this brave person?" If you find it difficult to answer, help the child yourself by comparing what you heard with what you know about your son or daughter, as well as with the manifestations of courage that were in his life.

Note. To get completely closer to your unattainable ideal, you can invite the boy or girl to talk with this person. The child himself will speak for both, sitting either on his chair (when he is responsible for himself), then changing to an empty chair (when the Brave person should answer).

"If I were ... Pinocchio"

(put here the name of a literary or film character that your child likes)

This game will help the child switch from his anxiety and doubts about the correctness of his words and deeds to another goal - to play the role of his beloved character as accurately and expressively as possible.

Use this playful trick when your son or daughter is struggling to do something because of anxiety and embarrassment. For example, you are sure that the child knows the poem well, but cannot answer in class, or he shows excellent sports success when you two are together, and during training he gets lost as soon as he comes to the uneven bars. In such cases, it will be useful to invite the child to perform the action because of which he is experiencing, as if on stage - to enter the role of a character in a fairy tale or film.

For example, you can ask a child how it seems to him how Pinocchio would read a poem in class. Was he worried about this? How would you react to the mark that the teacher would give him? Practice this role at home. Let the child try to convey not only its external side, but also its internal content. Now agree that in the classroom the child will try to secretly play this role. It will be such a secret joke for the rest, only you will know about it. Say that you are not interested in literary success today. But when the classes are over, you will discuss the success of the role played: did you manage to feel like Pinocchio? Be reckless and fun? "Philosophically" about evaluation?

Note. Characters for this game should be chosen energetic, cheerful and fearless, and anxious children have enough responsibility and seriousness even without them. In order for the child to be able to focus on his role, and not on the task being performed, you must also concentrate on the game and not make comments about the reading of the poem itself, otherwise the child will notice ambiguity and insincerity.

"Show the one you are afraid of"

It is not uncommon for anxious children to become more anxious when a certain person or animal is around. At the same time, they are not that afraid of them, but, rather, feel vague fears and discomfort. Their negative emotions can be the result of uncertainty, obscurity and incomprehensibility of these creatures and their inner world. To stop them from being so alien and frightening, you can use this game.

Ask your child what situation he almost always feels uncomfortable in. For example, you heard the following: although the teacher never behaved rudely towards him, he still gets very worried when he answers at the blackboard or is alone with the teacher.

Invite your child to act out the following scene. Let him choose a toy that will play his role. He himself must reincarnate as a teacher and start typical conversations or actions for the situation. When it is the student's turn to answer, the child must voice the toy by picking it up and moving it in accordance with the script.

The scene can last as long as the young performer-director wants. If, on the contrary, you see that the action has come to a standstill, then you can play impromptu for other characters, for example, for the headmaster who accidentally dropped in or for another student. The main thing is to support the game with your actions, perhaps to give it a deeper meaning.

After the "premiere" is over, talk to your child. Find out how he felt as a teacher. What did he want from the student? What made the teacher happy, what upset? Was the teacher himself afraid of anything? Such a look from the "enemy's rear" will help the child see the situation differently and realize, no matter how trite it may be, that "teachers are people too." If it is possible to arouse sympathy in the child for the teacher and a desire to help him, then it will be just wonderful for the most anxious child, and for his relationship with the teacher.

Note. Children often invite their loved ones to play some role in the game. Do not deny them such requests. The game will only benefit from this, since you will be able to influence its course. Take on the role of a learner in the above storyline. And be alarmed in this role with all your might! So the child will be able to see from the outside the absurdity of such excitement and learn how the teacher feels when there is such a schoolboy in front of him.

"Confidence Contest"

Ask your child what contests he knows. Of course, there are a great many of them. If you make an effort, then together you will remember the competition for the best anecdote, sporting achievements, for the most mysterious trick, for the best musical performance, etc. In addition to them, a beauty contest will probably pop up in your memory. This is a pompous celebration with a jury and even TV viewers. Girls applying for the title "Miss Moscow" (or insert any other city) must be not only beautiful, but smart, self-confident and so on. In general, confidence is an important quality that helps to win in any competition - physical or intellectual. So let's put on a confidence contest.

Invite your child to dream up how this competition would go? What tasks would it have? Who would he invite to the jury? How would a person have to behave to reach the final? Listen to these answers and try to analyze the confident behavior patterns in your child's mind.

Now act out some small episodes that you could show on TV. For example, have a child depict the performance of the person who was the first to leave the stage, that is, the most insecure person. Be the moderator and ask any question to such a participant. And the child should try to answer him in this way and at the same time move and gesticulate in order to create the most vivid image. The next scene will be the complete opposite. In it, the child will try to answer the questions the way Mister or Miss Confidence did.

Note. If the child is good at the role of Miss (or Mister) Confidence, then on this triumphant note you can end the game by asking new star to be photographed and presented with an honorary prize. If you see that such a participant clearly would not have reached the final, then discuss with the child how a confident person behaves, or even better, ask the child to "hold the camera", and climb onto the stage yourself and demonstrate the standard of confidence to him. As they say, it is better to see once than hear a hundred times!

"Calm, only calm!"

In this game, the child will train to remain calm in the most different situations, with fright, surprise, surprise, disgust. Later he will be able to use these playing skills in ordinary life.

Ask your child to remember some simple, well-known poem. Now he will have to read it as calmly as possible, speaking one line at a time, no matter what happens around. And what will happen around will be that you will be able to come up with something terrible and unpleasant. This is your role here. You can say, like the old woman Shapoklyak, but only you know that this is for the good of your beloved child (it's like going to the doctor).

Have your child start reading the first line. Let's say he says: "I rode a Greek across the river." In the meantime, you will sneak up behind and clap your hands. But the reader must calmly continue: "He sees a Greek: there is a cancer in the river." Then you can turn off the lights or even unexpectedly push the child on the shoulder. In general, so you will "mock the little" to the last line of the poem.

Note. To keep in the role of an imperturbable person it was easier, you can remember Carlson and try to imagine how he would read this rhyme, demonstrating to everyone how calm and even boring he is. If you yourself find it difficult to leave the role loving parent and turn into a harmful spiteful critic, then the role will also save - put on the old woman's hat Shapoklyak or stuff a toy rat into your pocket. This will indicate the boundaries of your role, that is, these actions will be performed "not by you", but by the selected character. Popes can also use the image of Karabas Barabas.

Shy child

Parents or a teacher should set up (motivate) others to communicate with the child.

It is important to show and tell the kid that you understand him and that you know about his characteristics and preferences, that the language of his thoughts and communication is close to you.

It is useful to encourage the child to talk about how he feels a new situation for him, playing with children, drawing the new kind drawing or listening to new music.

We need to make it clear to him that it does not matter how long he goes to what he is striving for. It is important that he reaches the goal and makes progress!

It is necessary to use more often non-verbal communication techniques - smiles, physical contacts, sign language (pointing with a finger or a glance). At the same time, it is necessary to control the level of comfort in the child and all changes in mood so that the background noise and the number of physical contacts do not have a traumatic effect on him.

Encourage him to play with dolls or cars on his own, but not to play for him.

Help him come up with or organize a game with an aggressive motive (which is very difficult for such children) such that a wolf, for example, attacks three pigs, and soldiers attack enemy soldiers.

With the help of games and your everyday communication, help him learn to defend his opinion and be persistent and even moderately stubborn.

If your child experiences a feeling of fear, for example, before parting with loved ones, then you need to use such cases and try to help him cope with fear, feel support and support in the face of adults, and, most importantly, self-confidence.

Encourage the expression of initiative and the ability to control the situation.

It would be a big mistake on the part of parents or caregivers to "" throw him into the water "" so that he "" swims out "" himself - he may be frightened and even depressed, and also lose trust in his loved ones.

Do not leave the child unattended. One should not wait until he "" ripens "" himself. He, like an ostrich, prefers to bury his head in the sand.

Useful games and exercises

Drawing "What I am and what I would like to be"

The child is asked to draw himself twice. In the first picture - the way he is now, in the second - the way he wants to be. Then you look at the pictures and compare them. The differences between the pictures reflect the child's self-esteem.

In the drawings of some children, there is a coincidence between the "real" and "ideal" self. Such children have somewhat overestimated self-esteem.

There is a discrepancy in the drawings of other children, but it is small, they have adequate self-esteem. Children with low self-esteem draw themselves in one color, often dark, of small size, the drawing is sloppy. And when drawing the ideal self, a large number of colors are used, bright clothes... After drawing, it is useful to discuss with the child what needs to be done to become who he wants to be.

"Acting out situations"

For acting out and discussion, you can suggest situations that are most difficult for the child:

You came to new group kindergarten, meet the kids ...

You went to the store ...

Children play in the yard, you also want to play with them; What do we have to do...

Guests have come, show them your room, toys ...

Game "Cake" (from 4 years old)

Place the baby on the mat with other children or relatives around. Host: "Now we are going to make a cake out of you." One participant is torment. The other is sugar, the third is milk, etc. The host is a cook, now he will prepare a great dish. First you need to knead the dough. Need flour - "flour" hands "sprinkles" the body of the lying person, lightly massaging it. Now sugar is needed - he "sprinkles" the body, gently touching, then the milk "spills" with his hands over the body, and so on. When everything is in order, the cook thoroughly "kneads" (massages) the dough, puts it in the oven, the dough rises there (it breathes evenly, calmly, all the "components" also breathe). Finally the dough was baked. To make the cake beautiful, you need to decorate it with cream flowers. All the participants touching the cake give it a “flower”, describing it.The cake is very beautiful!

Watch the expression on the face of the "cake", it should be happy, you can laugh too. Instead of a cake, you can cook whatever the child wants - chicken, pancakes, compote ...

"Mirror"

This game can be played together with a child or with several children. The child looks in a "mirror" that repeats all his movements, gestures, facial expressions. The "mirror" can be a parent or another child. You can portray not yourself, but someone else. The "mirror" must guess, then switch roles. The game helps the child to open up, to feel more free, uninhibited.

You can play both "Hide and Seek", and "Shop", and just blow up the balloons, who is faster. The main thing is that the child successfully copes with the tasks and learns to play with dignity.

Slow child

Talk calmly with a slow child.

Do not be rushed or nervous when doing something with a slow child. Don't rush it. Give him extra time so that he can finish some task, craft or drawing, etc. without haste. Even if you have to finish it in several stages.

A clear daily routine. When and what to do, in what order.

Slow children need constant work responsibilities: to hang clothes in place; watch your appearance; wash your little things, etc.

Conduct training in game form and on a good emotional background.

Useful games and exercises

Games with a change of pace:

Walking-running-walking slow. A change of pace occurs at the verbal signal of an adult, or when the musical accompaniment changes. Clap your hands at different speeds, again at a signal.

Fastest Move Games:

Children are given pieces of paper with a drawn square 10x10 cm and pencils. At the signal, the children put dots in the square, the one who put the most of the dots gets a prize.

Floral spinning top... Each child chooses for himself the name of a flower (dandelion, chamomile, rose). The teacher launches the top, then says the name of the flower:

Chamomile! - I AM! - "Chamomile" responds and quickly twists the top. Twisting, says the name of the next flower.

Those who did not have time to respond or whose top fell - leaves the game.

Games for the development of internal inhibition:

Game gymnastics. Children repeat after the psychologist his movements: claps over their heads, behind their backs; jumping; squats, etc.

"Forbidden movement"the rules of the game are familiar to many.

The teacher tells the children: “If I name someone who can fly, for example, a butterfly, then raise your hands up and say in chorus:“ It flies! ”If I name a flightless animal, for example, a lion, be silent and don’t raise your hands.”

Relay races. Here, different options are possible, for example, to run with a glass of water so that it does not splash (first, pour the glass by 1/3, later - almost to the top); run, beating off a balloon, etc.

Games for shy kids

« Roar lion, roar "
This game is good to play with children suffering from stiffness and passivity. The adult says: “We are all lions, big Friendly family... Let's have a competition to see who growls louder. As soon as I say “roar, lion, roar!” Let the loudest growl be heard. ”

Witch
The sorcerer casts a spell on one of the participants in the game so that he loses the ability to speak. The child will taste all the questions with gestures. With the help of the questions asked, he tries to tell the story of how he was bewitched. Other children should retell what the "bewitched" one is showing.

Say poetry with your hands
The child tries without words, with the help of pantomime, to tell the well-known poem or fairy tale. The rest of the children try to understand what he is saying.

Story
The child is invited to come up with a fairy tale about a person whose name is the same as his. This exercise contributes not only to a better self-awareness, but to the development of the ability to speak about oneself without hesitation.

Catch the ball

The game develops self-confidence and trust in other people. The players take turns throwing a small ball to each other, while naming any merit of the child to whom they are throwing the ball. It is very important that in the process of playing each child he could hear kind, pleasant words about himself.

Complete the sentence

The exercise is aimed at increasing self-confidence and self-confidence. Invite your child to complete the following sentences:
I want to….
I can…
I can…
I will achieve ...
Discuss the answers

Glue trickle

Purpose: to develop the ability to act together and exercise self-and mutual control over activities; teach to trust and help those with whom you communicate.

Before the game, the teacher talks with the children about friendship and mutual assistance, that together it is possible to overcome any obstacles.

Children stand behind each other and hold the shoulders in front of the one standing. In this position, they overcome various obstacles.

1. Get up and down from the chair.

2. Crawl under the table.

3. Go around the “wide lake”.

4. Get through the "dense forest".

5. Hide from wild animals.

An indispensable condition for the guys: throughout the entire game, they must not unhook from each other.

The blind man and the guide

Purpose: to develop the ability to trust, help and support fellow communication mates.

Children are divided into pairs: "blind man" and "guide". One closes his eyes, and the other leads him around the group, makes it possible to touch various objects, helps to avoid various collisions with other couples, and gives appropriate explanations regarding their movement. Commands should be given standing behind the back, at some distance. The participants then switch roles. Each child thus goes through a certain “school of trust”.

At the end of the game, the teacher asks the children to answer who felt safe and confident, who had a desire to completely trust their comrade. Why?

Magic seaweed

Purpose: removing bodily barriers, developing the ability to achieve goals in acceptable ways of communication.

Each participant (in turn) tries to enter the circle formed by the children. Algae understand human speech and feel touch and can relax and skip into the circle, or they may not miss it if they are badly asked.

A gift for everyone

Purpose: to develop the ability to be friends, to do right choice, collaborate with peers, community feelings.

Children are given a task: "If you were a magician and could work miracles, what would you give now to all of us together?" or “If you had a Seven-Flower Flower, what wish would you make?”. Each child makes one wish, tearing off one petal from a common flower.

Fly, fly petal, west to east

Through the north, through the south, come back in a circle

As soon as you touch the ground, be, in my opinion, led.

Command to ...

At the end, you can hold a competition for the best wish for everyone.

Elena Elkina
Dealing with a shy child

1. Explanatory note.

2. Characteristics of the child.

3. Tasks of individual escort.

4. Ways, means, methods of individual support.

5. A plan for the implementation of the tasks.

6. Report on the work done.

7. Appendix

Explanatory note

A shy child is a child who, on the one hand, is kind to other people, seeks to communicate with them, and on the other hand, he does not dare to express his communication needs, which leads to a violation of coordination in interaction. The reason for such violations lies in the special ambivalent nature of the attitude of a shy child to himself.

The uncertainty of a shy child in his value for other people blocks the need-motivational sphere that is developing in him, does not allow him to fully satisfy his existing communication needs.

The attitude towards oneself in shy children is characterized by a high degree of reflexivity, fixation on their personality in all types of interaction. A shy child acutely experiences his self. The peculiarity of his personality is such that everything he does is passed through the core of the image in which the other “lives”, questioning the high value of his personality.

Anxiety about your I often overshadows the content of both joint activities and communication. A shy child has a special structure of the need-motivational sphere: personal motives always act as the main ones for him, overshadowing both cognitive and business, which prevents the development of behavior that is adequate different forms communication. In communicating with close people, where the nature of the attitude of adults is clear and familiar to the child, the personal factor goes into the shadows, and in communication with strangers it clearly comes to the fore, provoking protective forms of behavior that can manifest itself in "withdrawal", and sometimes in the adoption of a "mask of indifference."

The agonizing experience of his I, of his vulnerability, fetters the child, does not give him the opportunity to show sometimes very good abilities, to express his feelings. But in situations where a child forgets about himself, he becomes as open and sociable as his unashamed peers.

Characteristics of a shy child (description of the problem)

A…. age 4.5 years.

The only child in the family, the family is complete, prosperous. I entered kindergarten at the age of 2.6, adaptation was difficult - the girl was very attached to her mother, it was hard to endure parting with her, she felt overprotective from her mother, she was poorly in contact with adults, and did not come into contact with children, very was often ill.

At the moment, upon arrival in kindergarten, the girl also has a hard time parting with her mother, prefers to communicate with close and well-known people. When meeting and communicating with strangers, the child experiences emotional discomfort, which manifests itself in timidity, uncertainty, and tension.

A…. - shy girl. He tries not to enter into play interaction with children.

In the classroom, she is assiduous, attentively listens to teachers, but avoids answering the question asked, lowers his eyes to the floor, answers only after a personal appeal to her - excessive shyness interferes.

Likes to collect puzzles, mosaics, play with a toy brought with him from home.

Educator: Elkina E. G

Tasks of individual escort

Explore individual characteristics development of the child in the unity of the intellectual, emotional and behavioral spheres of their manifestation.

Create an emotionally favorable microclimate for the child in the group, when communicating with children and teaching staff.

Help the child increase self-confidence and self-confidence;

Develop sign language, facial expressions, speech as a means of communication;

Develop the skills of teamwork.

The intended result is:

Positive attitude towards yourself and others;

Development of self-confidence;

Ability to constructively build communication;

Development of the creative potential of the child.

, means, methods of individual support.

Replaying problem situations that are traumatic for a shy child (public speaking, dating situation, etc.);

Outdoor games to develop communication skills;

Staging of performances;

Drawing (isotherapy) - ( effective remedy to reduce anxiety, the process of drawing itself has a calming effect, relieves stress. The child experiences the joy of creativity and overcomes difficulties);

The use of elements of fairy tale therapy (with the help of a fairy tale many problems are solved, it helps to find a way out of this or that situation. A fairy tale is a means for a child's comprehension of the world - both external and internal. instructions, works of art with vividly traced characterological traits of heroes and a clear resolution of problems;

Teaching dialogue communication in role-playing games.

Game therapy - in preschool age play is the leading activity for children. With the help of the game, you can help the child adapt to the life around him, establish relationships with other children.

Implementation plan for the tasks.

1. Creation of motivation for communication and acquisition of communication skills (game therapy, skazotherapy).

2. Teaching children to establish contact (group games, playing situations, drawing).

3. Development of the child's emotional world (game therapy, psycho-gymnastics, relaxation).

4. Creative application of communication skills (isotherapy, creative games, free communication with peers)

Progress report.

At my request, the psychologist monitored A…. Together with a psychologist, we selected methods and techniques for working with a girl. The psychologist talked with the girl's parents about their problem and developed recommendations. For my part, the work is carried out not only in the educational process, but also in free activity, on a walk.

I try to constantly reinforce the child's self-confidence and self-confidence. I tell her: “You are great! You did it! You could do it! " A positive assessment given by me reinforces self-confidence A. I involve the child in the implementation of various tasks related to communication. I propose to work in tandem with someone she trusts. For example: “Help me arrange sheets of paper and pencils for work. Who will do what, decide for yourself "or before the walk I give instructions to the child" Please help Vika to tie a scarf, she herself is very uncomfortable. " It is important to show your child that you, too, need help from him.

I also gave recommendations to expand the circle of acquaintances, more often to invite friends to my home, to take the child to visit friends, to diversify the walking routes - to provide the child with a certain measure of freedom and open action. It is important not to show your concern and desire to do everything for him.

The main thing is that the work should be systematic. The child will become more comfortable with peers and adults, it will be easier to adapt to the new team, and feel more confident.

In the process of a systematic, integrated approach to accompanying the child's development, organized interaction with peers, A… normalized interactions with a small group of children, and stable friendships appeared. The girl began to show herself more actively. She developed an interest not only in herself, but also in those around her. Constant involvement in theatrical games, collective work, participation in outdoor games helps A ... self-actualize, self-reveal. At this stage, work with the child continues, all the specialists of the preschool educational institution are included in the work.

Appendix

Various exercises and games with shy children

Overcoming shyness, isolation, indecision; development of paralinguistic means of communication;

Formation of adequate self-esteem, increasing self-confidence; decrease in psycho-emotional stress

Exercises "Smile".

Purpose: to form motivational readiness to create a friendly atmosphere of communication.

1) Imagine that you see the sun in front of you, which smiles at you. Smile back to the sun and feel how the smile goes into your hands, reaches your palms. Do it again and try to smile wider - smile and your hands and palms are filled with the smiling power of the sun.

2) How nice to see smiles on your faces! A smile lasts for a moment, and remains in memory forever. After all, it costs nothing, but it gives so much. It enriches those who receive it, without impoverishing those who give it.

Exercise "Affectionate name".

Children stand in a circle and, passing the ball, call each other affectionate name, for example: Seryozhenka, Tanyusha, etc.

Game "Who is this?"

The teacher invites children to show how a cat, bear, fox, hare, lion move.

Children carry out the task.

Then each of the children, without naming the animal, depicts it with the help of expressive movements. The rest of the participants in the game guess who the driver portrayed.

Game "Live illustration"

Poems by A. Barto are ideal for this game. She has a lot of poetic genre sketches, accurately conveying a variety of childhood experiences and colored with a gentle humor, which often turns out to be more curative for nervous children than any medicine. One player reads a poem, and the other with facial expressions and gestures illustrates the described events and emotions. Teach the child to gradually capture and convey subtle shades of feelings. A. Barto's poems provide a wealth of material for this. The poems "Bear", "Bull", "Ball" are more suitable for kids. For older children - "Resentment", "Lyubochka", "Sonechka".

When there are multiple players, I introduce an element of competition. I evaluate the performances and award the winners. But, naturally, an adult should not forget about the main goal of the game and encourage a shy child even if he is not up to par. My task in in this case- psychocorrection, not the establishment of justice.

An outdoor game "Airplanes".

The teacher says:

“The planes are preparing for takeoff. Take a ready position, stand up straight and spread your arms out to the sides.

Now each of you will imagine that his plane is accelerating and taking off, gaining altitude.

The wings cut through the air. The motor hums smoothly and powerfully. The plane flies confidently over the clouds. Remember the feeling of flying.

The plane comes in for a landing and lands smoothly.

Snail game.

With the help of a rhyme or at will, the driver is selected - "snail". Children stand in a circle, the driver - in the center of the circle, he is blindfolded. The child, whom the teacher pointed to, changing his voice, says:

“Snail, snail.

Put out the horns.

I'll give you sugar

Piece of pie. Guess who am I?"

Exercise "Finish the Sentence."

The children take turns completing the following sentences:

I can.

I will achieve.

After the child says the end of the phrase, everyone claps their hands.

Game "Dunno".

The teacher says:

“Imagine that each of you is Dunno. I will ask questions, and you just shrug your shoulders and spread your hands. " Sample questions:

Did you have breakfast in kindergarten today?

It's cold outside (warm?

Do you have warm clothes?

What color is the sky?

Do you like fish in the aquarium?

Are you going for a walk today? Etc.