The health status of pregnant women is monitored by constant tests. And sometimes the latter reveal some abnormalities, such as, for example, phosphates in the urine during pregnancy. You should not worry about this, because amorphous sediments are always present in the secretions. Normally, the body excretes about 3 g of phosphate per day in the urine. The analysis fixes the excess of this indicator and the formation of crystals of phosphate salt in the urine.

The quality of the study is strongly influenced by the storage conditions of the liquid before delivery to the laboratory, the purity of the test tube, so a competent specialist always prescribes a second analysis to accurately determine whether phosphaturia is taking place.

The urine of a healthy pregnant woman has a slightly acidic pH. With phosphaturia, the balance changes to the alkaline side. The reasons may be different:

1. Vegetarianism or excessive passion for "proper" nutrition.
2. Dehydration.
3. Vomiting or diarrhea.
4. Infection of the genitourinary system.
5. Failure of the kidneys.

Greens, vegetables, fruits and milk have an alkalizing effect on the body. This does not mean that eating them is bad. On the contrary, it is good, but always in combination with proteins and carbohydrates. If phosphates in the urine during pregnancy occur due to a plant-based diet, the diet will have to be diversified with fish, cereals and meat. And temporarily exclude from the diet:

• spicy, spicy foods;
• cocoa;
• green vegetables and herbs (lettuce, celery, green onions, parsley);
• potato;
• fruit juices;
• reduce salt intake to 8-10 g per day.

Most mineral waters are also alkaline, so it is better to limit their consumption. Drinking with phosphaturia should be at least 2.5 liters per day. Sour fruit drinks (currant, lingonberry, cranberry), birch sap (up to 3 glasses per day), dried fruit compotes (dried apples, dried apricots, raisins) will be useful. You can eat bread with bran, fish and meat dishes, butter, Brussels sprouts, pumpkin, asparagus, all cereals. In the early stages of toxicosis, pregnant women often suffer from diarrhea, vomiting, which contribute to the rapid leaching of hydrochloric acid from the body, so it is important to replenish fluid losses, prevent dehydration and monitor your health, especially in the hot season.

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Decrease in the level of salts in the urine

Usually, after reviewing the diet of a pregnant woman and increased consumption of buckwheat, oatmeal, fish, eggs and meat, and abundant fluid intake, a reanalysis reveals the level of amorphous salts corresponding to the norm. If the correction of the diet of a pregnant woman did not bring the amount of phosphates in the urine back to normal, then other reasons for the appearance of salts are likely. To determine them, the doctor prescribes additional examinations: ultrasound of the kidneys, urine tests according to Nichiporenko or Zimnitsky, and other procedures for the condition of the pregnant woman.

Do not be nervous and panic. The whole complex of measures is aimed at identifying the causes of phosphaturia and caring for the health of the mother and her child.

The amount of amorphous salts, with the correct diagnosis, is quite easily amenable to medical correction.

It is important to follow all the recommendations of the doctor, without exception, to take the necessary tests in the laboratory and not to worry. The well-being of the mother, her balance and calmness is the key to a strong nervous system of the child. The mere presence of phosphates in the urine is not a real cause for panic or diagnosis. Analyzes are evaluated only in combination with other examinations, so trust the doctors and do not worry.

Components of urine

Urine is a human waste product, excreted by the kidneys as a result of blood filtration. Urine consists of water (97%), it also contains other components (3%):

Organic substances: urea, uric acid, amino acids, creatinine, xanthine, urobilin, indican, glucose, protein, ketone bodies;
-salts: chlorides, sulfates and phosphates; ions: cations (K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, NH4+), anions (Cl-, SO42-, HPO42-), etc.

Result general analysis urine depends largely on properly collected material.

How to collect urine for analysis?

Only morning urine is suitable for research, as it is more saturated. Before collecting urine, you need to wash the external genitalia. The first and last portions merge, the middle one is collected in a clean, dry container. The analysis will require at least 120 ml of urine. The material must be delivered to the laboratory no later than 2 hours from the moment of collection. It is not allowed to overcool during transportation.

Urinalysis refers to clinical laboratory studies. It allows you to determine the physical and Chemical properties urine, as well as the presence in it of formed elements, protein, glucose, etc.

Urinalysis: normal

I will list the main parameters of the general urine test, which are evaluated in this case:

Physical properties; normal urine is transparent, odorless, has a straw-yellow color, slightly acid reaction (pH varies from 5 to 7), relative density (1010–1026);

The presence of cells; normally, urine contains a little epithelium, no more than 6 leukocytes per field of view, single erythrocytes in the preparation;

The presence of certain substances and microorganisms; in healthy people, there is no protein in the urine (or does not exceed 0.033 ppm), glucose, hemoglobin, bile pigments, acetone, salt crystals, and bacteria.

Urinalysis during pregnancy in many women practically does not differ from the norm. Changing some parameters helps to identify a number of diseases and complications.

Question

A young woman, Svetlana, asked for advice. She was pregnant (16 weeks), felt great, had no complaints. Her question was related to the interpretation of a urinalysis.

Here are the indicators: the color is light yellow, slightly cloudy; specific gravity 1005; pH 8; protein quantitatively (norm up to 0.120 g/l) 0.076 g/l; glucose - absent; ketone bodies - 15 mg / dl; nitrites, bilirubin and urobilinogen were absent; epithelial cells - 3-4-5 in the field of view; leukocytes - 0-1-1 in the field of view; erythrocytes, casts, renal epithelial cells were absent; phosphate salts +++.

Analyzing a clinical case

I noticed that the reaction of my patient's urine was alkaline (ph 8), normally it is acidic. Also in the analysis, phosphates in large quantities and ketone bodies were determined. The precipitation of phosphates confirms the fact that the urine reaction has shifted to the alkaline side.

One of the main reasons for the formation of phosphates is a violation of the diet: the predominance of plant foods and dairy products in the diet (abuse of milk, green vegetables and green tea). Also, phosphates can appear in the urine due to the rapid loss of hydrochloric acid by the body during prolonged vomiting (early toxicosis) or dehydration in the heat.

I asked Svetlana about her diet and the presence of vomiting. It turned out that she had not vomited for two weeks. The girl also described her diet: breakfast - 2 sandwiches with red caviar, green with candy; lunch - mashed potatoes, beef liver, beetroot salad with sour cream; afternoon snack - green tea with a sandwich; dinner - chicken thigh baked in the oven, green tea with candy, Essentuki-17 mineral water. As you can see, Svetlana's diet contains a lot of alkalizing liquids: green tea, bicarbonate-calcium mineral waters.

I advised expectant mother change your diet. In order to avoid complications, the diet for patients with phosphaturia should EXCLUDE:

Green tea, mineral water;
- cheese and cottage cheese, dairy products;
- salads and smoked meats;
- canned food;
- sweet fruits and berries;
- carrots, lettuce, beans, lentils and peas.

The following foods should be included in your daily diet:

Birch juice;
- sour berry fruit drinks and kissels;
- dried fruit compotes;
- all kinds of cereals;
- nuts;
- products enriched with protein (meat and fish of low-fat species, eggs);
- legumes;
- fruits and berries of sour varieties (currants, apples, cranberries and others);
- zucchini, pumpkin, potatoes, cucumbers.
- bran bread;
- asparagus, pumpkin and Brussels sprouts.

You should drink up to 2.5 liters of liquid (cranberry juice, plain water). Detection of phosphates in urine is not dangerous state. However, although rare, phosphate stones can form from them, which have a soft consistency and a porous structure. With phosphates before surgical treatment urolithiasis, as a rule, does not reach.

Completion of the story

Keep track of your health, control changes in your body - this is the prevention of many diseases.

Always with you,

A pregnant woman should know that phosphates in the urine are a consequence of a disease or illness. Therefore, it is very important to determine the cause of their appearance, and direct all efforts to eliminate the "provocateur", not forgetting a special therapeutic diet.

Why were phosphates found in the urine of a pregnant woman?

If there are amorphous phosphates in the urine of a pregnant woman, this phenomenon is called phosphaturia. When the acid-base environment of urine changes, salts precipitate. In the normal state, the pH of urine will be slightly acidic, however, as a result of various factors, its reaction may change in any direction. The formation of phosphates or urates or oxalates begins. If phosphates precipitate, then the urine reaction has been shifted towards alkali.

Determination of phosphate in the urine during pregnancy is quite common. During the bearing of a child, most of the salts from the body of a woman go precisely to build his skeleton. Consequently, in the mother's body, their number is sharply reduced.

But there are other reasons for the appearance of phosphates in the urine. If an infectious-inflammatory process (cystitis) develops in the urinary system, the formation of phosphates in the urine may begin. In this case, among other things, bacteria are also found in the urine.

Phosphaturia is also a sign that there is a risk of kidney stones.

This condition is a syndrome, not a disease. So, let's form the reasons for the appearance of phosphates in the urine:

• the presence of an inflammatory process occurring in the organs of the genitourinary system (namely, cystitis);
• unbalanced, unvaried diet (a large amount of “alkaline” food is present in the diet);
• as a result of severe dehydration of the body as a result of frequent diarrhea or vomiting.

If phosphates and bacteria were found in the urine, cystitis is treated with an antibiotic.

If the general urine test is normal, with the exception of the presence of phosphates, the diet of the pregnant woman is reviewed or the loss of body fluid is replenished (prescribed to drink a pharmacy solution for rehydration).

Forms of phosphaturia

There are two forms of phosphaturia:

• Primary (very rare). It is provoked by congenital pathologies of metabolism. This condition poses a serious danger to the health of a woman, as there is a high probability of the onset of urolithiasis. This condition is not treatable, because it is not possible to completely eliminate the predisposition. However, there is a chance to make a correction and significantly improve the woman's condition. A special diet is selected, and in difficult cases Your doctor may prescribe certain medications.

Correction methods are selected strictly on an individual basis, taking into account the severity of the woman's condition.

• Secondary. The development of this form occurs when the diet is violated, if there has been a sharp reduction in the rate of drinking, as well as in the presence of certain diseases associated with the work of the genitourinary system.

What to do if there are phosphates in the urine of a pregnant woman?

The identification of this indicator during a clinical trial is not a cause for panic. First of all, you must strictly adhere to all the recommendations of the doctor. If necessary, a pregnant woman additionally takes a urine test for bakposev and re-general urinalysis, while all the rules for collecting urine must be observed.

The doctor determines how much fluid a woman should drink during the day. If the water-salt balance is disturbed, the body begins to change the level of salts. If there is not enough fluid in the body, there is a sharp increase in the level of salts. In the absence of contraindications, during the day a pregnant woman should drink at least 1.5 liters of pure water without gas, which will help to normalize the water-salt balance.

Compliance with a special diet may also be prescribed, but it will be ineffective, as well as correction of the drinking regime, if the matter is the development of bacteria in the urinary system. If there are bacteria, then this is clearly an infection, and not a banal violation of the rules of a healthy diet.

If, along with phosphates in the urine, kidney stones were also found, the observation of a pregnant woman is required not only by a gynecologist, but also by a urologist. The doctor must conduct a thorough diagnosis of the organs of the urinary system, after which a course of treatment for the disease is prescribed.

What is the diet for phosphates in the urine?

After restoring the correct water-salt balance, the diet is adjusted. From the menu of a pregnant woman, at least for a while, it is necessary to completely exclude spicy, salty and spicy foods. At the same time, to find out which products are “banned” and which are allowed, use the table:

It is important to note that in the daily diet of a pregnant woman, it is necessary to introduce foods that will contribute to the acidification of urine. These products include:

1. Sour fruit drinks from currants, cranberries, lingonberries.
2. Birch sap - the daily rate cannot exceed 3 glasses.
3. Butter - in limited quantities.
4. Compotes made from dried fruits, for example, from raisins, dried apricots, dried apples.
5. Meat and fish dishes (only low-fat varieties).
6. Cereal products.
7. Bran bread.

So, a cranberry juice recipe from the video will be useful for a pregnant woman:

How can a pregnant woman avoid problems?

In this case, it is useful to use herbal medicine, but only under the strict supervision of a doctor.

Every pregnant woman faces an appointment a large number analyses. The attending gynecologist is interested in the result not only in the content of protein, leukocytes and erythrocytes, but also in various salts. Amorphous phosphates in the urine during pregnancy should not cause panic, but it is simply necessary to pay attention to this fact.

Pregnancy is a serious burden on the body. If before the onset of pregnancy a woman had some problems with the kidneys, during the period of bearing a child, the diseases become aggravated.

If a substance is detected, a term such as phosphaturia is used, which can be true or false. False is much less common, and its treatment is easier. Normally, urine should not contain phosphates.

What are phosphates? These are salt crystals and esters of phosphoric acid. They enter the body through food. These can be natural substances found in milk and some foods. And there may be synthetic compounds that are used in industry. They are used for this purpose:

1. As a binder in the meat and dairy industry, in the preparation of cheese and fish processing. They give uniformity to the mass. Depends on the phosphate content appearance sausage products.
2. For loosening dough in cooking and confectionery.

Phosphates are also found in many household chemicals.

Medicine distinguishes two main forms of phosphaturia:

1. Primary, which is usually provoked by congenital anomalies in metabolism. This condition poses a threat to the health of a woman due to the increased likelihood of developing urolithiasis. A feature of phosphate stones is their structure: they consist of a porous substance and do not have sharp edges. It is not possible to cure such a violation during the period of bearing a child, but it is possible to correct the state of health. Best Option the solution to the problem of the appearance of stones is considered to be their crushing, however, it is impossible to carry out operational measures for the expectant mother.
2. Secondary. Its development is provoked by a violation of the diet, as a result of a sharp decrease in the amount of fluid consumed, and also due to the development of diseases of the genitourinary system.

Phosphaturia can provoke various diseases:

• peptic ulcer;
• andexite;
• pulmonary tuberculosis;
• diabetes.

Each disease carries a threat and therefore must be cured as fashionably as quickly as possible.

The main causes of the appearance of phosphates in the urine:

• the development of an inflammatory process in the genitourinary system of a woman;
• infectious lesions of the genitourinary system;
• illiterately selected diet, lack of variety of products;
• severe dehydration due to prolonged vomiting or diarrhea;
• malfunction of the kidneys.

Due to the increase in progesterone in the ureters, urine is often retained, which increases the risk of salt precipitation in the form of sediment. Often these are amorphous phosphates, that is, porous crystals that are not as dangerous as other stones.

1. Qualitative, revealing an increase in concentration.
2. Quantitative, which determine the exact amount of substances.

To detect the presence of calcium and magnesium in the urine, it must be heated and acetic acid added. If it becomes cloudy, this indicates the presence of phosphates in the urine.

If the results of a clinical analysis of urine revealed amorphous crystals in the urine during pregnancy, the patient must strictly follow the recommendations of the attending doctor. Doctors usually give the following advice:

1. Before starting treatment, you need to do a second analysis in another laboratory to confirm the result.
2. Establish monitoring of the amount of liquid drunk during the day. If the volume is less than necessary, the phosphate level will seriously increase.
3. It is important to analyze the diet. Many expectant mothers follow a healthy diet with a restriction of vegetable protein too clearly. As a result, phosphaturia develops. Elementary provision of the diet with meat, fish and offal will prevent damage to the paired organ.
4. If the diet is complete, a metabolic study is necessary. This will help to identify the cause of the increase in the level of crystals in the urine.
5. If stones are detected in a woman during pregnancy, the patient should be observed not only by a gynecologist, but also be under the supervision of a urologist. A set of diagnostic measures is prescribed.
6. It is recommended to exclude from the diet spices, spices, as well as foods rich in proteins.
7. It is useful to use fruit drinks and natural juices.
8. A pharmacy rehydration solution may be prescribed to replenish fluids.

If the violation was caused infection, the doctor will most likely prescribe antibiotic therapy. However, it is worth noting that taking antibiotics by pregnant women can pose a serious threat to the child and the expectant mother.

The main way to solve the problem is to regulate the diet.

Foods such as milk, leafy greens, and certain vegetables and fruits can be alkalizing. However, they should be consumed in combination with proteins and carbohydrates.

The following foods should be excluded from the diet:

• hot peppers and mustard;
• cocoa;
• potato;
• green vegetables;
• greenery;
• fruit juices.

Restrictions must be temporary. Most mineral waters are alkaline, so it's best not to consume them. At the same time, you need to significantly reduce salt intake.

For drinking it is better to choose clean water. You can also drink:

• Birch juice;
• fruit drinks (from cranberries, currants and lingonberries);
• dried fruit compotes.

The following foods are helpful:

• Brussels sprouts;
• butter;
• asparagus;
• pumpkin;
• cereals;
• a fish;
• bran bread.

Strict control over the content of phosphates allows you to correct the patient's condition and prevents the development of more serious diseases.

Pregnancy is a beautiful and exciting thing at the same time. With trepidation, waiting for the appearance of the baby, a woman during this period is very attentive to her health. Urinalysis occupies a special place in the list of procedures performed. During the entire pregnancy, he will give up repeatedly. Sometimes the expectant mother may hear not entirely pleasant news that she has phosphates in her urine during pregnancy.

What does urine with phosphates say when carrying a child

Phosphates are salts of potassium and phosphorus that have not been able to dissolve.

The presence of phosphates in human urine is referred to as . There are true and false phosphaturia. The true one is caused by stressful conditions, neuroses and overwork. False is caused by violations of the genitourinary and other systems. This type of phosphaturia is more common and easier to diagnose and treat.

Phosphates in the urine of pregnant women are quite common.

There are many salts in the body of the expectant mother. During the bearing of the baby, potassium and phosphorus are spent on the formation of his skeleton. A variant of the norm is a decrease in the amount of their salts in the female body. But sometimes they do not have time to be utilized completely.

Are phosphaturia dangerous for expectant mothers

Undissolved salts pose a certain danger to the body. Accumulating and increasing in size, they can provoke the formation of sand or stones in the urinary tract. They can also be located in bladder, ureters and renal tissues.

The dangers of phosphaturia are determined by the following factors:

• the presence or absence of a pregnant woman's history of renal pathologies;
• the severity of hormonal disorders;
• other related ailments.

Causes of phosphaturia

Phosphaturia is divided into primary and secondary. Primary is most often caused by a hereditary factor or congenital metabolic disorders. It leads to the formation of stones in the urinary tract.

The main causes of secondary phosphaturia are associated with the lifestyle of a pregnant woman. This condition can occur against the background of other problems in the body: gastritis and gastrointestinal disorders, tuberculosis, lung diseases.

The main causes of phosphaturia in pregnant women:

Diagnosis of phosphaturia during pregnancy

Proper diagnosis will help identify the reasons why phosphaturia appears. The main sign of the presence of phosphates in pregnant women is the urine of increased turbidity. This is caused by the precipitation of salts.

If there is a suspicion of amorphous phosphates in the urine during pregnancy, laboratory tests cannot be dispensed with.

A special place is given to a detailed and detailed analysis of urine. To complete the picture, the examination should be carried out twice. If the phosphate content was also detected during the secondary analysis, measures should be taken to reduce the level of salts in the body.

Also, the doctor may prescribe additional diagnostics to identify the exact cause of salts. In addition to a general urinalysis, the following procedures are performed:

• blood chemistry;
• and Zimnitsky:
• carbohydrate tolerance test;
• ultrasound examination of the kidneys and bladder.

According to a comprehensive examination, the doctor will make a diagnosis and prescribe the optimal treatment.

You can also determine the presence of phosphates in the urine at home. To do this, you need to purchase to determine the specific gravity of urine. Along with indicators of other solids in urine, the test will also show the amount of phosphates. These are such rapid tests as Nonaphan, Undecafan and Decafan Leiko.

How to reduce the amount of phosphate in the urine during pregnancy

If phosphates are found in the urine of the expectant mother, there is no reason to panic. This condition can be easily eliminated if a competent diagnosis is carried out. Most often, the doctor prescribes a special diet and drink for the expectant mother.

In order to activate the excretion of urine, pregnant women are advised to move more. A passive lifestyle contributes to the deposition of salts in the body.

Often, along with phosphates in the urine during pregnancy, stones in the kidneys are also found.

With such a diagnosis, a pregnant woman should be additionally examined by a urologist. The doctor carefully examines the patient's condition and prescribes the optimal treatment.

Sometimes the diet does not bring the expected results and the amount of phosphate again exceeds the norm. Then the doctor continues to monitor the patient for signs of secondary phosphaturia. It is possible that a high concentration of phosphates is a concomitant symptom of any disease. In such cases, the patient is prescribed medication, taking into account the general state of her health.

How to Reduce Urinary Phosphate Through Diet

Regardless of the reasons that caused phosphaturia, a special diet is prescribed for the expectant mother. Its essence boils down to limiting the use of products that contribute to the deposition of phosphate salts.

Table. Allowed and prohibited foods for phosphaturia in pregnant women

It also makes sense to reduce your salt intake. This restriction will allow fluid to leave the body faster.

Attention! Imported, overseas vegetables and fruits are treated with special substances, which include phosphate elements. Such products are not recommended. Give preference to natural seasonal vegetables and fruits.

After following the diet for two weeks, urine tests are given again. If there are no phosphates in the urine of pregnant women, it is allowed to remove some dietary restrictions. But forget about the rules of healthy eating is still not worth it.

Features of the drinking regimen with phosphaturia

In addition to dieting, a pregnant woman needs to normalize her drinking regimen. This is very important, since it is the liquid that removes everything from the body. harmful substances, salts and toxins. Insufficient water intake affects primarily the kidneys. Due to the lack of fluid, phosphate salts are deposited on the kidneys, subsequently forming stones.

The optimal amount of water drunk per day is about 2 liters.

It is water that should be consumed in the indicated amount, and not any liquid. Some ladies mistakenly consider broths, juices, teas, and so on to be the right liquid. This opinion is wrong, you need to drink clean water, it is most convenient about 200 ml per hour.

Since not everyone likes the taste of ordinary water, some women prefer mineral drinks. Here you should choose products with great care - such water should contain a minimum of alkali. The best option would be to take water samples together with a urologist.

Increased phosphate levels and stone formation are not reasons for new mothers to sound the alarm. But this diagnosis cannot be ignored either. A comprehensive examination and systematic observation by a doctor will help eliminate unpleasant symptoms and bring the indicators back to normal.