Coordination of movements and fine motor skills. Development of fine motor skills of children's hands and coordination of movements

Consultation for parents "Development fine motor skills and coordination of finger movements in younger children preschool age»

Mon, 03/03/2014

The child is constantly learning the world. The main method of information accumulation is touch. Children need to grab, touch, stroke and taste everything! If adults try to support this desire by offering the baby various toys(soft, hard, rough, smooth, cold, etc.), rags, objects for research, he receives the necessary stimulus for development. It has been proven that the child's speech and his sensory ("touching") experience are interconnected. If the movement of the fingers corresponds to age, then speech development is within the normal range; if the movement of the fingers lags behind, then speech development is also delayed, although general motor skills may be normal and even higher than normal. Speech is improved under the influence of kinetic impulses from the hands, more precisely, from the fingers. Therefore, if you want your child to speak well, develop his hands!

Sensorimotor development of children early age

Sensorimotorics (from Latin sensus - feeling, sensation and motor - engine) - mutual coordination of sensory and motor components of activity.

Tasks of sensorimotor development:

Development of fine motor skills of hands;

development of coordination of hand movements;

Formation of ideas about the color, shape, size of objects, their position in space;

Activation of sensory perception, stimulating analyzers of visual, auditory, touch, smell and taste.

What's happened sensory development child? Psychologist Wenger L.A. claims that "the sensory development of a child is the development of his perception and the formation of ideas about the external properties of objects: their shape, color, size, position in space, as well as smell, taste, etc." According to Pavlova L.N., a child comes into the world with a very high potential for sensory abilities. The task of adults is to identify them and promptly contribute to their further development. Professor N. M. Shchelovanov called early age the “golden time” of sensory education.

Sensorimotor development is the foundation of the general mental development preschooler. Cognition begins with the perception of objects and phenomena of the surrounding world. All normal mental development is impossible without reliance on full perception.

The sensorimotor development of the child is aimed at forming the most complete perception of the surrounding world and serves as the basis for cognition of reality. The first stage of cognition of reality is the baby's sensory experience. The success of the child's physical, mental and aesthetic development largely depends on the level of his sensorimotor development, that is, on how well the child can see, hear and touch the world around him. The sensorimotor development of a preschooler is the development of his perception and the formation of ideas about the external properties of objects: their shape, color, size, position in space and the development of the motor sphere.

Sensorimotor plays an equally important role in mental development child, since preschool age is the most favorable period for the development and improvement of the senses, as well as for the accumulation of the most vivid and correct ideas about the world around the child. For example, in order to teach a child to speak, training his articulation apparatus will not be enough. In parallel with this, it is necessary to train and develop finger movements, i.e., fine motor skills of the hands.

Early childhood is a special period for the formation of organs and systems, and above all the functions of the brain. Scientists have proven that the functions of the cerebral cortex are not fixed hereditarily, they develop as a result of the interaction of the body with the environment. Early age is the most favorable time for sensorimotor education, without which the normal formation of the child's mental abilities is impossible.

Sensory education in the second and third years of life consists primarily in teaching children object actions that require the correlation of objects according to their external properties: size, shape, position in space. The main thing is that the child learns that the shape, size, color are constant signs of objects that must be taken into account when performing a variety of actions.

By stimulating fine motor skills and thus activating the corresponding parts of the brain, we also activate neighboring areas responsible for speech. Usually a child with high level development of fine motor skills, is able to reason logically, he has sufficiently developed memory, attention, coherent speech.

Creating conditions for the sensorimotor development of young children

A universal way to educate and educate a small child is a game. Young children love to play with toys and household items. At first they play alone, but from the age of one and a half they are increasingly attracted to games with peers. During the game, children acquire new knowledge and skills, learn about the world around them, learn to communicate.

What gives the child the game:

pleasure;
familiarity with the norms, rules of life;
communication with peers;
the ability to express their emotions;
the ability to choose toys (subject-game environment), means of play (word, movement, place);
inner freedom: I play where I want, with whom I want, as much as I want, than I want.

When choosing a game for a child, one must follow the main principle: the game must correspond to the child's abilities, be attractive to him.

The emphasis in the choice of games for young children should be on sensory and motor games.

Sensory games

These games give experience with a wide variety of materials: sand, clay, paper. They contribute to the development of the sensory system: vision, taste, smell, hearing, temperature sensitivity. All organs given to us by nature must work, and for this they need “food”.

Equipment: pyramids, liners different kind, multi-colored abacus, slides for rolling objects, a set of three-dimensional geometric shapes.

motor games(running, jumping, climbing)

Motor skills - physical activity. Not all of us like it when a child runs a lot, climbs high objects. Of course, first of all, you need to think about the safety of the child, but you should not forbid him to actively move.

Things for dressing up, children look in the mirror, try to use colored scarves, aprons, skirts, ribbons

Children love to play on the floor. In order to create comfortable conditions for them, you can sew rollers for them, pillows in the form of a multi-colored caterpillar and with buttons, to develop fine motor skills, sew a sensory rug "Fairytale Forest"; “skirt-fun” and on this skirt they unbutton and fasten buttons, learn to lace up, close and open pockets with Velcro, etc.

Provide water for children. This is a great material for games, experimentation. While playing with water, children get temperature sensations, ideas about floating and sinking bodies, about reflection in water, and acquire labor skills. Of course, in the summer it is easier to do this on the site, but it is also necessary to play with water in the bathroom at home.

Water games require equipment: buckets, basins, watering cans, funnels, floating toys, bottles, jars, etc. Children wear special aprons during the games. Of the games with water, you can offer the following: “Rescuers”, “What is it like swimming”, “Captains”, “Warm - cold”, etc. Of the entire arsenal of games with water, the most interesting for children is the game with soap bubbles. Babies can't blow bubbles on their own. This is done by an adult. This is a wonderful sight, perceived by the kids joyfully and emotionally.

In addition, they begin to show interest in picking up pieces of torn paper. This should be encouraged: children are offered a basket or bucket. Children are very fond of watching how adults cut something out of paper with scissors. Over time, they begin to ask for scissors. A three-year-old child can cut paper into pieces. You can involve the children in gluing the cut out figures onto the paper. Of course, in the beginning, the work may go erratically, but gradually the technique improves, the work becomes cleaner.

The sensorimotor development of preschool children will be most effective if the following toys and aids are used in games with children:

Stringing toys that have through holes and are designed to be stringed onto a rod.
Toys for rolling and grouping by shape, color or size.
Toys for inserting and overlaying, composing multi-colored turrets and selecting them by color, size and shape.
Folk toys that are easy to assemble and disassemble.

Games with such toys contribute to the development of orientation in space and the ability to compose objects from several separate parts. Toys and aids are recommended to be gradually updated and supplemented with new, more complex and more diverse models.

As for the development of the tactile form of sensations, children receive such sensations through the skin. Over time, they become aware of what is cold, what is hot, what is hard, what is soft, what is dry, and what is wet. Tactile sensations are directly related to the process of thinking, with the help of them the child learns the world around him. The most favorable for the development of tactile sensations are games on the sand and games with water.

On the ceiling or in the doorway, make a hinged device for hanging toys - a carousel. The carousel manufacturing technology is simple. Ribbons were attached to the hoop, alternating them in color. Small toys (bells, rattles, balls), as well as plot plastic light toys (fish, bunny, berry) were attached to the ends of the ribbons. The hoop was tied on four ribbons on four sides and raised to the ceiling. It is attached to a hinged device that allows the hoop to rotate. Wanting to reach for a colored ribbon, set in motion a “carousel”, or ring a bell, kids master the pull-up, bounce, and sometimes use another object as a tool, solving a practical problem independently and in different ways. For example, they substitute a small chair and climb on it or take a stick to get to the cherished toy.

Button games

Choose buttons of different sizes and colors. Try to lay out a drawing, at home you can ask your baby to do the same. After the child learns to complete the task, invite him to come up with his own versions of the drawings. You can lay out a flower, a tumbler, a snowman, a butterfly, balls, beads, etc. from a button mosaic.

Buttons can also be strung on a thread, making beads.

Bulk material games

1. Pour peas or beans into a container. The child puts his hands in there and depicts how the dough is kneaded, saying:

"Knead, knead the dough,

There is room in the oven.

Will-will be from the oven

Buns and rolls. Or:

"We kneaded the dough,

We kneaded the dough

We were asked to thoroughly knead everything,

But no matter how much we knead

And no matter how much we remember

Lumps again and again we get.

2. Pour dry peas into a mug. For each stressed syllable, he shifts the peas one by one into another mug. First with one hand, then with both hands at the same time, alternately with the thumb and middle fingers, thumb and ring finger, thumb and little finger. You can pick up any quatrains, for example:

“The legs walked: top-top-top,

Straight down the path: top-top-top.

Come on, more fun: top-top-top,

This is how we do it: top-top-top.

3. Pour peas on a saucer. We take a pea with our thumb and forefinger and hold it with the rest of our fingers (as when picking berries), then we take the next pea, then another and another - so we collect a whole handful. You can do this with one or two hands.

4. Drawing on the croup. Scatter fine grains on a bright tray in a thin even layer. Run your child's finger over the rump. Get a bright contrasting line. Let the kid draw some chaotic lines himself. Then try to draw some objects together (fence, rain, waves, letters, etc.).

5. In "dry pool » add peas and beans. The child puts his hand into it and tries by touch to determine and get only peas or only beans.

Bottle cap games - fixing color; construction of various turrets; laying out figures, objects. Two plugs from plastic bottles put on the table with the thread up. This is skis. Index and middle fingers stand in them like legs. We move on “skis”, taking a step for each stressed syllable:

"We are skiing, we are racing down the mountain,

We love the fun of a cold winter."

You can try to do the same with both hands at the same time.

If the plugs are drilled in the middle, they can also be used for stringing beads.

Clothespin games

1. With a clothespin, alternately “bite” the nail phalanges (from the index to the little finger and back) on the stressed syllables of the verse:

“A silly kitten bites hard,

He thinks it's not a finger, but a mouse. (Change of hands.)

But I'm playing with you baby

And if you bite, I’ll tell you: “Shoo!”.

2. Imagine with your child that clothespins are small fish, and a circle or square made of cardboard is a feeder. Well, the kid needs to help the fish have lunch, that is, attach them around the perimeter of the figure. It is very interesting for children to “attach needles” to a hedgehog, rays of the sun or leaves of a turnip, carrot, cut out of cardboard, etc.

3. And, of course, hanging handkerchiefs after washing and securing them with clothespins. This is a simple task, even for a child who has played with clothespins more than once, it may not be so simple.

You can accompany the work by saying the rhyme:

"I'll pinch the clothespins deftly

I'm on my mother's rope.

Games with beads, pasta

Perfectly develops a hand with a variety of stringing. You can string everything that is stringed: buttons, beads, horns and pasta, drying, etc.

Beads can be sorted by size, color, shape.

Pebble games - unfolding by color, laying out a picture (flower, sun, fish, seabed, etc.).

Games - lacing

You can use both factory production and do-it-yourself. Such games develop spatial orientation, attention, form lacing skills, develop Creative skills, contribute to the development of the accuracy of the eye, the sequence of actions. Lace embroidery is the first step to needle embroidery.

Plastic lids is a great achievement of mankind. This is the most affordable material that can be found in every home. Plastic lids are not only different in size, but also in color. Therefore, the scope for creativity is unlimited. Plastic bottle caps are a good starting material that can be used to create fun sensorimotor development games.

Applications available from a very early age. If the child is still small, and you are afraid to give him scissors, let him tear pictures from a magazine or newspaper with his hands - as it will; and you will stick the torn pieces on a clean sheet, giving them some form. It can be a meaningful collage. From the age of 3 (sometimes earlier) you can learn to cut with scissors, the main thing is that they are safe, with rounded ends. For starters, it's easier to cut geometric shapes and figures from all the same color magazines, and with an adhesive pencil, fix them on a sheet. The game of cutting out patterns from several times folded pieces of paper has an undeniable advantage. No matter how clumsily the child cuts out, you still get a pattern that vaguely resembles a snowflake or an asterisk.

Sculpt from plasticine you can start as early as 2 years old, the main thing is to select available tasks and do not forget to wash your hands. We sculpt sausages, rings, balls; we cut the plasticine sausage with a plastic knife into many small pieces, and then we stick the pieces together again. From each small piece we make a cake or a coin. You can press on our cake with a real coin to get an imprint.

Pieces of plasticine

Our Zina rolls,

balls, sausages,

And fairy tales come to life

Fingers are trying

They mold, they develop.

If plasticine for some reason scares you, make it for the baby salty dough. The game will give pleasure regardless of the result. Here is the recipe: flour - salt - water - sunflower oil. Flour and salt are taken in the same amount, and water is one-third less (for example, a glass of flour is a glass of salt, 2/3 a glass of water, a tablespoon of oil). Mix and knead. If it sticks poorly, add water. The dough can be stored for a long time in the refrigerator in a plastic bag. To make the sculpted figures hard, bake them in the oven, the longer the better. Hardened figures can be painted with paints. Whenever you make real dough, let's make a piece for the baby too.

Such games contribute to the development of fine motor skills, sensation processes, relax the child, relieve emotional stress.

Drawing - one of the most favorite activities of all children. The more often a child holds a brush, pencil or felt-tip pen in his hands, the easier it will be for him to print the first letters and words at school. Give the children a variety of activities such as using coloring books, finger painting on the bathroom wall, using conventional paints, drawing, hatching, games - strokes. You can circle everything that comes to hand: the bottom of a glass, an inverted saucer, your own palm, a spoon, etc. Molds for making cookies or cakes are especially suitable for this purpose. There are many factory games - strokes.

If your child is extremely reluctant to paint with a brush, invite him to paint with his fingers. You can draw with one, two, or you can use all your fingers at the same time: each finger is dipped into the paint of a certain color, and then placed on paper in turn. So it turns out salute or beads or something else. Nowadays, special finger paints are offered in stores.

It is very unusual to paint with porous sponges, small rubber balls with a rough surface. Children are happy to use the so-called "signets".

Thus, thanks to the use of games and aids for the development of sensorimotor skills and the performance of exercises for the development of visual and tactile perception in preschool children, inquisitiveness and curiosity increase, knowledge about specific sensory standards is formed, vocabulary expands, skills of educational, game, search and experimental activities are acquired. .

The more children learn, the richer their sensory experience, the easier and easier it will be for them to develop motor skills, and all this will make it easier to learn. In order to learn easily, in order to determine the shape of an object at a high level, its volume and size, the child must have well developed not only the circumocular muscles, which allow the eyes to move, but also the muscles of the neck, which help it to be motionless or turn in different directions at will, but and coordinated muscle movements of both hands. To get acquainted with any subject, you need to study it:

Touch with hands, squeeze, stroke, that is, perform some actions that are called motor.

To take an object with one hand, the baby must already be motorally ready for this. If he cannot grasp the object, he will not be able to sense it. So, if we teach the child's hands to be dexterous and skillful, then he will be able to learn a lot with their help. And the sooner we put new, unexplored ones into his hands, the sooner they will become skillful.

In order to interest the child and help him master new information, you need to turn learning into a game, do not back down if the tasks seem difficult, do not forget to praise the baby.

No matter how good the environment that develops children, we can say that it is inspired by adults! Yes, the world is expanding its horizons for children. And yet the most interesting object of research for them, their constant observations and increased attention is a person. They are interested in an adult in interaction with the outside world. The kid learns not only the objects surrounding him, but also the attitude of a person towards them. This is the main line in getting to know the environment and understanding the world.

Of great importance are sensory games for the development of speech, the main purpose of which is to give the child new sensory sensations: visual, auditory, tactile and motor, olfactory and gustatory.

These games allow you to establish emotional contact with the child, which allows you to comprehensively influence the development of speech in the future.

Paint games

For the game you will need: watercolor paints, brushes, five transparent plastic glasses (in the future, the number of glasses can be any). Glasses are placed in a row on the table and filled with water, then paints are alternately diluted in them. different colors. Usually the child is fascinated by how the “cloud” of paint gradually dissolves in water. You can diversify the effect and quickly dilute the paint in the next glass, stirring with a brush - the child, by his reaction, will let you know which method he likes best. In this game, the child can quite quickly show a desire to participate more actively in what is happening - he begins to “order” the next paint or snatches out a brush and begins to act independently.

water games

Fumbling with water, pouring and splashing are especially loved by children. In addition, playing with water has a therapeutic effect. To make it easier for your child to reach the faucet, move a chair to the sink. Take out the small plastic bottles and vials prepared in advance - fill them with tap water. You can pour water from one dish to another, make a “fountain” by substituting a spoon or a bottle with a narrow neck under the stream of water - usually this effect delights children. After filling the basin with water, organize a game in the "pool" in which the toys float. The basin filled with water will now become a "lake" in which fish or ducks swim.

Soap bubble games

Children love to watch the air swirl soap bubbles. To arouse your child's interest in self-blowing bubbles, offer him a variety of straws - for example, a straw for a cocktail, or roll and glue thick paper from thick paper to get a large bubble.

Games with light

Sunny Bunny. Having chosen the moment when the sun looks through the window, catch a ray with a mirror and show the baby how the sunbeam jumps on the wall, on the ceiling, from the wall to the sofa, etc. He might want to touch the spot of light. In this case, slowly move the beam to the side, offer it to catch the fleeing "bunny".

ice games

Pour hot water into a transparent glass mug or glass (you can tint the water), drop a piece of ice and watch how quickly it melts. You can take several glasses, watch and see that the ice melts differently in water of different temperatures.
Prepare colorful ice by adding paint to the water; draw with paints on a large piece of ice.

Sound Games

Pay attention to the sounds in the world around the child: the creak of a door, the sound of a spoon against the walls of a cup when we stir tea, the clink of glasses against each other, the creak of brakes, the sound of train wheels, etc.

Reminder for parents

For the development of fine motor skills, preschool children should be offered:

Massage ball exercises (from su-jok therapy), walnuts, pencils, pens, markers.
"Dance" with your fingers and clap your hands softly and loudly, at different tempos.
Use with children different kinds mosaics, constructors (iron, wooden, plastic), games with small details, counting sticks.
Organize games with plasticine, dough.
Try the finger painting technique. You can add salt or sand to the paints for a massage effect.
Use colored balls of thread for rewinding, ropes of various thicknesses and lengths for tying and untying.
Include in the games a variety natural material(sticks, twigs, cones, shells, cobs, etc.).
Engage in stringing beads with children, learn to unbutton and fasten buttons, buttons, hooks, zippers.
Let the children shell the peas and peel the peanuts.
Launch small tops with your fingers.
Fold the nesting doll, play with different inserts.
Cut with scissors.

Dear Parents!

Cause positive emotions in the child!

Use words and phrases that carry an optimistic coloring, for example: “How interesting!”, “Here, great!”, “Let's help!”, “Beauty!” etc.

Remember that no matter what you create with your child, the main thing is the desire to continue to engage in such activities in the future, so complete your classes in good mood both the baby and yours.

Literature:

Bashaeva T.V. The development of perception in children. Shape, color, sound: a popular guide for parents and educators. Yaroslavl. "Academy of Development", 1997.
Gavrina S.E., Kutyavina N.L., Toporkova I.G., Shcherbinina S.V. We develop hands - to learn and write, and draw beautifully. A popular guide for parents and educators. Yaroslavl. "Academy of Development", 1997.
Gromova O.N., Prokopenko T.A. Games are fun for the development of fine motor skills in children. M., Gnome i D, 2001.
N.V. Ryzhova The development of speech in kindergarten. Yaroslavl. "Academy of Development", 2007.

Games for the development of cognitive abilities of children of senior preschool age

A stream of beans

We develop coordination of movements, fine motor skills of hands, attention, concentration, purposefulness

Description: the essence of this game, like the previous one, is to throw as many beans as possible into the bottle. But in this case, the task is much more complicated: the participant must clamp all the beans in his fist and then throw them into the bottle one at a time. At the same time, his hand should be strictly in an extended state at a distance of 30 cm from the bottle.

If the guys cope with this task, it can also be complicated. You can give the task to raise your hand at a distance of 50 or 100 cm from the bottle. You can increase the number of beans to such an amount that it becomes uncomfortable to hold them in your hand, etc.

Half-liter bottle of milk, a handful of beans for each participant.

dexterous handles

We develop fine motor skills of hands, coordination, attention, perseverance

Description: This game must be played at the table. Before starting the game, lay out all the listed items as follows. Place both bars at a distance of 15-20 cm from each other. Put a cap on one of them. Then explain to the child that his goal is to transfer the cap from one bar to another using a stick. To do this, you need to pick up the cap from below and, putting it on a stick, carefully, so as not to drop it, try to transfer it.

Complications in this game can be very diverse: by increasing the distance between the bars, reducing the diameter of the cap in relation to the bar, etc.

Materials and visual aids for the game

Several cylindrical bars, a cap or lid from some container, with a diameter larger than the bar by 1 cm, a thin stick.

water carriers

We develop coordination, attention, resourcefulness

Description: This game is best played as a relay race. All the guys need to be divided into 2 teams and choose the area that needs to be overcome. Then you need to choose a place where the container with water will stand. Each team must have their own bucket at the finish line. Participants must distribute among themselves the order of passing the distance. When the first participants stand on the starting line, they are given saucers and the task is explained. Their goal is to get to the container, collect water in a saucer and carry it on their heads to a bucket. Then you need to pour water into a bucket, return to the start and pass the saucer to the next team member.

If one of the participants dropped the saucer, he must return to the tank, refill the water and overcome this distance again.

This game can be limited both by time and simply by passing this distance by all participants.

The winner is the team that collects in the bucket the largest number water.

Materials and visual aids for the game

Plastic saucers for each team, 2 buckets and 1 large container of water, fun music.

Plum in a spoon

We develop fine motor skills of hands, coordination of movements, attention, purposefulness

Description: This game is ideal for summer holidays and for a large number of participants. It is desirable to conduct it in the form of a relay race.

To begin with, all participants are divided into two teams. The boundaries of the distance and the order of its passage within the teams are determined. At the finish line, a dish is placed for each team. Then the first players of each team are given spoons and 1 plum each and explain that the goal of each team is to carry their plum in a spoon to the finish line, return to the start and pass the spoon to the next player. At the command of the host, the participants put the plum in a spoon and hit the road. If one of the participants dropped a plum, he must still continue his journey and only then return to the finish line.

The winner is the team that will bring to the finish line as many plums as possible.

Materials and visual aids for the game

Two tablespoons, a few large plums or other fruits of this size, 2 dishes and cheerful music.

Berries and mushrooms

We develop coordination of movement, fine motor skills of the legs to prevent flat feet, attention, artistic abilities

Description: This game is best played in big and cheerful company on a birthday or other holiday.

If you decide to play this game, then for it, together with your child, you will need to prepare containers for picking mushrooms and berries. To do this, you need to cut out various figures from colored paper (flowers, leaves, mushrooms, etc.) for appliqué. Have your child do it on their own. Watch closely so he doesn't get hurt. Then the finished figures need to be glued to the container with glue or tape. The main thing is that your containers take on a cheerful and slightly fabulous look.

Before starting the game, it is necessary to scatter all prepared toys on a clean floor or carpet. Invite all the guys to divide into 2 teams and imagine that they went to the forest to pick mushrooms and berries. But they will do it in an unusual way: you can’t touch the mushrooms with your hands, they will have to collect them with their feet, pinching them with their fingers.

The game starts with one representative from each team. At the “Start” command, they run out into the clearing, pick up one of the objects with their feet, and then jump on one foot to the box, in which they put their prey. When they return to the start, the next participants set off on their way. The team that collects the most items in a certain time will be the winner.

Materials and visual aids for the game

Small plastic toys, 2 containers for collecting toys (these can be old pots or children's buckets), colored paper, scissors, glue or tape.

Feed the hare

We develop coordination, memory, attention, analytical thinking

Description: Before the start of the game, a hole is cut on the poster instead of the hare's mouth. Then you need to cut a few more holes in different places on the poster. During the game, it is hung on the wall or some kind of stand.

One participant is selected, he is blindfolded and given a carrot in his hands. Then several times it is twisted around its own axis and brought to the poster. The children are told that the hare is hungry and needs to be fed.

The participant's goal is to put a carrot in the bunny's mouth. Since there are a lot of holes in the picture, it will not be so easy to do this.

In this competition, the main thing is not victory, but participation. It is uplifting and perfect for a variety of holidays.

Materials and visual aids for the game

Poster or big picture, which depicts a hare (it is advisable to draw this poster in advance with the child), a carrot (you can use plastic or make it out of paper).

Cock-fights

We develop coordination of movements, analytical skills, attention, determination

Description: This game is played outdoors or in a fairly large room.

Draw a circle on the floor or on the ground. This will be the fight zone.

Then the first two participants are selected. Then the rules of the duel are explained: participants must stand in a circle on one leg, holding the other with their hands. Their goal is to push each other out of this circle. In this case, you can not use your hands. The participant who is the first to push his opponent out of the circle without violating the rules is considered the winner.

Materials and visual aids for the game

Cheerful music, chalk.

ringlet

We develop coordination of movements, attention, memory, ability to concentrate

Description: This game is designed for 2 participants, but the more players it has, the more fun and exciting it is.

The ring is hung at such a height that the participants can hit it with the finger of an outstretched hand. Choose the first player and leader. The host brings the participant to the suspended ring at arm's length, then takes him three steps back and turns him several times around himself, saying:

I went out on the porch -

Lost my ring.

The ring rolled away

Under an oak porch.

Find my ring!

All other participants stand in a semicircle and observe.

After the first daredevil has been spun, he must take three steps towards the ring with his outstretched hand and accurately hit it with his finger. If this does not work out the first time, he has several more attempts to find the ring with his finger.

You can make this game more difficult in various ways. First, you can increase the number of steps. Secondly, the player can be blindfolded and interfere with various comments and incorrect instructions.

The winner is the one who quickly and without errors will overcome this distance.

Materials and visual aids for the game

A long thread, a medium-sized ring (slightly larger than the index finger), a large room in which you can hang the ring.

Lifesaver

We develop fine motor skills of the legs, attention, the ability to concentrate, determination

Description: seat the child on a chair and place 2 baskets close to each other (put pencils in one of them). Explain to the child that his goal is to move the pencils from one basket to another without dropping them, first with his right foot, then with his left foot.

In the second version of the game, the baskets are placed far from each other. The goal is the same - to transfer pencils from one basket to another. One complication is added: pencils are not carried with one foot, but are transferred from one foot to another. For example, if a basket of pencils is at the child's right foot, he should take the first pencil with his right foot, pass it to his left foot, and put it with his left foot into an empty basket.

In addition to these two options, you can complicate the task by increasing the number of pencils.

Materials and visual aids for the game

Pencils (10-30 pieces), 2 identical baskets.

Unusual artist

We develop coordination of movements, fine motor skills of the legs, attention, the ability to concentrate, purposefulness

Description: seat the child on a low chair so that he can freely reach his feet to the floor. Put a blank sheet of paper and a pencil in front of him. Then invite him to draw any picture or portrait, but not with his hands, but with his feet, holding the pencil between his fingers. You need to start with simple pictures - a house or a flower. Gradually, you need to ask to draw smaller details.

If your little one can't complete a task right away, he may get tired quickly. Invite him to rest, talk about the picture he is drawing, and continue. It is important that he finishes the picture that he conceived, and does not leave it for the next day. Try to cheer him up, to interest him.

Materials and visual aids for the game

Blank sheet of A3 paper, pencil.

small house

We develop fine motor skills of hands, attention, the ability to concentrate

Description: This game can be played with both an adult and one child alone.

The participants of the game sit down at the table, pour matches out of the box. The goal of the players is to build the well without destroying it.

The first participant lays out 2 matches parallel to each other so that the next participant can put 2 of his matches on them perpendicular to them. Then the first participant lays out his matches, etc. The participant who first puts the matches inaccurately and destroys the well is considered the loser.

Materials and visual aids for the game

Matchbox.

Who made it?

We develop coordination, attention, reaction speed, analytical skills

Description: This game is best played outdoors or in a room with a high ceiling.

All prepared items, except for the ball, are laid out on the floor. The game is as follows: the child must throw the ball as high as possible and, during its flight, collect as many objects lying on the floor as possible. The main thing is to catch the ball in time. If the player does not have time to do this, the move is passed to the next player, and the items that the first participant managed to collect are returned to the floor.

The winner is the participant who collected the most items.

Materials and visual aids for the game

10-20 small items (these can be pebbles, toys, chips). The main thing is that they are light and do not injure the child.

fingers

We develop fine motor skills of hands, attention, the ability to concentrate

Description: invite your baby to sit down at the table and talk to him about human capabilities, about what heavy things people can lift, how far and how fast they can run. Then talk about how even a small part of the body like fingers can be very strong if you develop them. Now you are just going to train them.

Then have your child place their right hand on the table. He must raise each finger in turn, while not taking his whole hand off the table: first the thumb, then the index, middle, ring and little fingers. The same exercise must be done with the left hand. Make sure that the child does not strain his arms and does not pinch them in the shoulder and forearm.

When the task is completed, you can move on to the next, more difficult exercise. You need to put both hands on the table and perform the same exercises, but with both hands at the same time.

Materials and visual aids for the game

Quiet, calm music.

Soldier fingers

We develop fine motor skills of hands, coordination, attention, ability to concentrate

Description: This game is a complicated version of the previous one and requires good practice.

Invite the child to put his right hand on the table and imagine that his fingers are friendly soldiers. Now they must march in pairs. Your baby's hand should depict this, raising those fingers that correspond to the number of the soldier. The first finger is the first soldier, the index finger is the second soldier, the middle finger is the third, the ring finger is the fourth, and the little finger is the fifth.

So, for example, if you call the second and fifth soldiers, the index finger and little finger should rise, if you name the first and fourth soldiers, the first and ring fingers should rise, etc.

Materials and visual aids for the game

Quiet calm music.

Cut out snowflakes

We develop fine motor skills of the hand

Description: prepare a square sheet of thin paper, fold it diagonally. Bend the right sharp corner to left side with an upward shift, the left corner is in the opposite direction. The fold lines must match. Fold the workpiece in half. Make cutouts on both sides, along the folds. Expand the blank, the snowflake will be ready.

Materials and visual aids for the game

Advice for parents

"Development of fine motor skills and coordination of finger movements in young children"

The child constantly studies, comprehends the world around him. The main method of information accumulation is touch. Children need to grab, touch, stroke and taste everything! If adults try to support this desire by offering the baby various toys (soft, hard, rough, smooth, cold, etc.), rags, objects for research, he receives the necessary stimulus for development.

Proven that the child's speech and his sensory ("touching") experience are interrelated. If the movement of the fingers corresponds to age, then speech development is within the normal range; if the movement of the fingers lags behind, then speech development is also delayed, although general motor skills may be normal and even higher than normal. Speech is improved under the influence of kinetic impulses from the hands, more precisely, from the fingers. Therefore, if you want your child to speak well, develop his hands!

Sensorimotor development of young children

Sensorimotorics (from Latin sensus - feeling, sensation and motor - engine) - mutual coordination of sensory and motor components of activity.

Tasks of sensorimotor development:

development of fine motor skills of hands;
development of hand coordination;
formation of ideas about the color, shape, size of objects, their position in space;
activation of sensory perception, stimulating the analyzers of visual, auditory, touch, smell and taste.

What is a child's sensory development?

Psychologist Wenger L.A. claims that "the sensory development of a child is the development of his perception and the formation of ideas about the external properties of objects: their shape, color, size, position in space, as well as smell, taste, etc."

According to Pavlova L.N., a child comes into the world with a very high potential for sensory abilities. The task of adults is to identify them and promptly contribute to their further development.

Professor N. M. Shchelovanov called early age the “golden time” of sensory education.

Sensorimotor development is the foundation of the general mental development of a preschooler. It is aimed at forming the most complete perception of the surrounding world and serves as the basis for cognition of reality.

The first stage of cognition of reality is the baby's sensory experience. The success of the child's physical, mental and aesthetic development largely depends on the level of his sensorimotor development, that is, on how well the child can see, hear and touch the world around him.

The sensorimotor development of a preschooler is the development of his perception and the formation of ideas about the external properties of objects: their shape, color, size, position in space and the development of the motor sphere.

Sensorimotorics plays an equally important role in the mental development of the child, since preschool age is the most favorable period for the development and improvement of the senses, as well as for the accumulation of the most vivid and correct ideas about the world around the child.

By stimulating fine motor skills and thus activating the corresponding parts of the brain, we also activate neighboring areas responsible for speech. Usually a child with a high level of development of fine motor skills is able to reason logically, he has sufficiently developed memory, attention, and coherent speech.

Creating conditions for the sensorimotor development of young children

What gives the child the game :

pleasure;
familiarity with the norms, rules of life;
communication with peers;
the ability to express their emotions;
the ability to choose toys (subject-game environment), means of play (word, movement, place);
inner freedom: I play where I want, with whom I want, as much as I want, than I want.

When choosing a game for a child, one must follow main principle: the game should correspond to the capabilities of the child, be attractive to him. The emphasis in the choice of games for young children should be on sensory and motor games.

Sensory games - e These games give experience in working with a wide variety of materials: sand, clay, paper. They contribute to the development of the sensory system: vision, taste, smell, hearing, temperature sensitivity. All organs given to us by nature must work, and for this they need “food”.

motor games (running, jumping, climbing). Motility is motor activity. Not all of us like it when a child runs a lot, climbs high objects. Of course, first of all, you need to think about the safety of the child, but you should not forbid him to actively move.

Young children need to provide paper. They crumple it, crumple it, try to break it, which, of course, they fail at the beginning. The sound emitted by the paper gives them pleasure. In this case, you can use absolutely clean paper. It is not recommended to give newspapers to children, as newspaper paint contains zinc in large quantities. Books should not be given, as children must be taught to take care of books. In addition, they begin to show interest in picking up pieces of torn paper. This should be encouraged: children are offered a basket or bucket. Children are very fond of watching how adults cut something out of paper with scissors. Over time, they begin to ask for scissors. You can involve the children in gluing the cut out figures onto the paper. Of course, in the beginning, the work may go erratically, but gradually the technique improves, the work becomes cleaner.

The sensorimotor development of preschool children will be most effective if the following toys and aids are used in games with children:

Stringing toys that have through holes and are designed to be stringed onto a rod.

Toys for rolling and grouping by shape, color or size.

Toys for inserting and overlaying, composing multi-colored turrets and selecting them by color, size and shape.

Folk toys that are easy to assemble and disassemble.

Concerning development of tactile sensations, then children get similar sensations through the skin. Over time, they become aware of what is cold, what is hot, what is hard, what is soft, what is dry, and what is wet. Tactile sensations are directly related to the process of thinking, with the help of them the child learns the world around him. The most favorable for the development of tactile sensations are games on the sand and games with water.

Button games

Bulk material games

1. Pour peas or beans into a container. The child puts his hands in there and depicts how the dough is kneaded, saying:

"Knead, knead the dough,

There is room in the oven.

Will-will be from the oven

Buns and rolls."

"We kneaded the dough,

We kneaded the dough

We were asked to thoroughly knead everything,

But no matter how much we knead

And no matter how much we remember

Lumps again and again we get.

“The legs walked: top-top-top,

Straight down the path: top-top-top.

Come on, more fun: top-top-top,

This is how we do it: top-top-top.

5. In the "dry pool" we place peas and beans. The child puts his hand into it and tries by touch to determine and get only peas or only beans.

Clothespin games

1. With a clothespin, alternately “bite” the nail phalanges (from the index to the little finger and back) on the stressed syllables of the verse:

“A silly kitten bites hard,

He thinks it's not a finger, but a mouse. (Change of hands.)

But I'm playing with you baby

And if you bite, I’ll tell you: “Shoo!”.

You can accompany the work by saying the rhyme:

"I'll pinch the clothespins deftly

I'm on my mother's rope.

Games - lacing

You can use both factory production and do-it-yourself. Such games develop spatial orientation, attention, form lacing skills, develop creative abilities, contribute to the development of the accuracy of the eye, the sequence of actions. Lace embroidery is the first step to needle embroidery.

Applications available from a very early age. If the child is still small, and you are afraid to give him scissors, let him tear pictures from a magazine or newspaper with his hands - as it will; and you will stick the torn pieces on a clean sheet, giving them some form. It can be a meaningful collage. From the age of 3 (sometimes earlier) you can learn to cut with scissors, the main thing is that they are safe, with rounded ends. To begin with, it is more convenient to cut out geometric shapes and figures from all the same color magazines, and with an adhesive pencil, fix them on a sheet. The game of cutting out patterns from several times folded pieces of paper has an undeniable advantage. No matter how clumsily the child cuts out, you still get a pattern that vaguely resembles a snowflake or an asterisk.

Sculpt from plasticine you can start as early as 2 years old, the main thing is to select available tasks and do not forget to wash your hands. We sculpt sausages, rings, balls; we cut the plasticine sausage with a plastic knife into many small pieces, and then we stick the pieces together again. From each small piece we make a cake or a coin. You can press on our cake with a real coin to get an imprint.

Pieces of plasticine

Our Zina rolls,

balls, sausages,

And fairy tales come to life

Fingers are trying

They mold, they develop.

If plasticine scares you for some reason, make salt dough for your baby. The game will give pleasure regardless of the result. Here is the recipe: flour - salt - water - sunflower oil. Flour and salt are taken in the same amount, and water is one-third less (for example, a glass of flour is a glass of salt, 2/3 a glass of water, a tablespoon of oil). Mix and knead. If it sticks poorly, add water. The dough can be stored for a long time in the refrigerator in a plastic bag. To make the sculpted figures hard, bake them in the oven, the longer the better. Hardened figures can be painted with paints. Whenever you make real dough, let's make a piece for the baby too. Such games contribute to the development of fine motor skills, sensation processes, relax the child, relieve emotional stress.

Drawing- one of the most favorite activities of all children. The more often a child holds a brush, pencil or felt-tip pen in his hands, the easier it will be for him to print the first letters and words at school. Offer children a variety of tasks: using coloring books, finger painting on the bathroom wall using ordinary paints.

It is very unusual to paint with porous sponges, small rubber balls with a rough surface. Children are happy to use the so-called "signets".

Thus, thanks to the use of games and aids for the development of sensorimotor skills and the performance of exercises for the development of visual and tactile perception, inquisitiveness and curiosity increase in children, knowledge about specific sensory standards is formed, vocabulary expands, skills of educational, game, search and experimental activities are acquired.

The more children learn, the richer their sensory experience, the easier and easier it will be for them to develop motor skills, and all this will make it easier to learn.

Of great importance are sensory games for speech development, the main purpose of which is to give the child new sensory sensations: visual, auditory, tactile and motor, olfactory and gustatory.

These games allow you to establish emotional contact with the child, which allows you to comprehensively influence the development of speech in the future.

Paint games

For the game you will need: watercolor paints, brushes, five transparent plastic glasses (in the future, the number of glasses can be any). Glasses are placed in a row on the table and filled with water, then paints of different colors are alternately diluted in them. Usually the child is fascinated by how the “cloud” of paint gradually dissolves in water. You can diversify the effect and quickly dilute the paint in the next glass, stirring with a brush - the child, by his reaction, will let you know which method he likes best. In this game, the child can quite quickly show a desire to participate more actively in what is happening - he begins to “order” the next paint or snatches out a brush and begins to act independently.

water games

Soap bubble games

Children love to watch soap bubbles swirl in the air. To arouse your child's interest in self-blowing bubbles, offer him a variety of straws - for example, a straw for a cocktail, or roll and glue thick paper from thick paper to get a large bubble

Games with light

Reminder for parents

For the development of fine motor skills, preschool children should be offered:

Exercises with a massage ball (from su-jok therapy), walnuts, pencils, pens, felt-tip pens.
"Dance" with your fingers and clap your hands softly and loudly, at different tempos.
Use with children various types of mosaics, constructors (iron, wooden, plastic), games with small details, counting sticks.
Organize games with plasticine, dough.
Try the finger painting technique. You can add salt or sand to the paints for a massage effect.
Use colored balls of thread for rewinding, ropes of various thicknesses and lengths for tying and untying.
Include a variety of natural materials in the games (sticks, twigs, cones, shells, cobs, etc.).
Engage in stringing beads with children, learn to unbutton and fasten buttons, buttons, hooks, zippers.
Let the children shell the peas and peel the peanuts.
Launch small tops with your fingers.
Fold the nesting doll, play with different inserts.
Cut with scissors.

Dear Parents!

Cause positive emotions in the child!

Use words and phrases that carry an optimistic coloring, for example: “How interesting!”, “Here, great!”, “Let's help!”, “Beauty!” etc.

Remember, whatever you create with your child, the main thing is the desire to continue to engage in such activities in the future, so complete your classes in a good mood for both the baby and yours.

Literature:

Bashaeva T.V. The development of perception in children. Shape, color, sound: a popular guide for parents and educators. Yaroslavl. "Academy of Development", 1997.
Gavrina S.E., Kutyavina N.L., Toporkova I.G., Shcherbinina S.V. We develop hands - to learn and write, and draw beautifully. A popular guide for parents and educators. Yaroslavl. "Academy of Development", 1997.
Gromova O.N., Prokopenko T.A. Games are fun for the development of fine motor skills in children. M., Gnome i D, 2001.
N.V. Ryzhova The development of speech in kindergarten. Yaroslavl. "Academy of Development", 2007.

Rogonova Yulia Vladimirovna

MBDOU "Kindergarten No. 134"

Dzerzhinsk, Nizhny Novgorod region

caregiver

Theme "Development of fine motor skills and coordination of finger movements in preschool children»

Tasks: to acquaint parents with the concept of "fine motor skills of the hand", the significance of its development for the child, to offer games and methods for the development of fine motor skills of the child's hand at home.

The development of fine motor skills of the hand is the most important task of educating children of primary preschool age. Training the movements of the fingers and the entire hand is one of the factors that stimulate the development of the child.

Researchers studying development of fine motor skills of children at preschool age, noted that doing hand exercises by children helped them master correct speech. famous teacher V.A. Sukhomlinsky owns the statement: “The mind of a child is at the tips of his fingers.”

Currently topical issue is the full development of children from preschool age. An important role formed fine motor skills play a role in the success of the intellectual and psychophysical development of the child.

Fine motor skills - a set of coordinated actions of the nervous, muscular and skeletal systems, often in combination with the visual system in performing small and precise movements with the hands and fingers and toes.

Scientists have proven that from an anatomical point of view, about a third of the entire area of the motor projection of the cerebral cortex is occupied by the projection of the hand, located very close to the speech zone. Therefore, the development of a child's speech is inextricably linked with the development of fine motor skills.

Fine motor skills of hands develop interest, cognitive abilities of the child, it is considered an interesting and useful thing to identify future abilities inner world child. Activities and games contribute to the development of fine motor skills and coordination of hand movements, stimulate visual and auditory perception, attention, memory, coherent speech and vocabulary.

You need to start working on the development of fine motor skills from an early age. Already an infant, you can massage your fingers, thereby affecting active points associated with the cerebral cortex. At an early and younger preschool age, you need to perform simple exercises accompanied by a poetic text, do not forget about the development of elementary self-service skills: fasten and unfasten buttons, tie shoelaces, etc.

To interest the child and help him master new information, you need to turn learning into a game, do not retreat if the tasks seem difficult, do not forget to praise the child. We bring to your attention games and exercises for the development of fine motor skills, which can be practiced both in kindergarten and at home.

Finger gymnastics.

Finger gymnastics solves many problems in the development of the child:

Promotes the acquisition of fine motor skills;

Helps develop speech;

Increases the efficiency of the brain;

Develops mental processes: attention, memory, thinking, imagination;

Develops tactile sensitivity;

Removes anxiety.

Finger games are very emotional, exciting. This is a staging of any rhymed stories, fairy tales with the help of hands.

Children are happy to take part in games - nursery rhymes. The most famous version of such a game is "Forty-Forty", but there are also more difficult ones to pronounce and show. We will also try to play such games with you (game-training is held together with the parents).

"My family"

This finger is mommy

This finger is daddy

This finger is a grandmother,

This finger is a grandfather

This finger is me.

That's my whole family!

(alternately massage the fingers of the hand, on the last line we squeeze and unclench the fists)

The development of the hand and fingers is facilitated not only by finger gymnastics, but also by various actions with objects. I offer you a number of games with such items.

Button games

Buttons can also be strung on a thread, making beads.

Bulk material games

1. Pour peas or beans into a container. The child puts his hands in there and depicts how the dough is kneaded, saying:

"Knead, knead the dough,

There is room in the oven.

Will-will be from the oven

Buns and rolls.

“The legs walked: top-top-top,

Straight down the path: top-top-top.

Come on, more fun: top-top-top,

This is how we do it: top-top-top.

5. In the "dry pool" we place peas and beans. The child puts his hand into it and tries by touch to determine and get only peas or only beans.

Bottle cap games

We put two caps from plastic bottles on the table with the thread up. This is skis. Index and middle fingers stand in them like legs. We move on “skis”, taking a step for each stressed syllable:

"We are skiing, we are racing down the mountain,

We love the fun of a cold winter."

You can try to do the same with both hands at the same time.

If the plugs are drilled in the middle, they can also be used for stringing beads.

"Magic Caps"

Target: develop fine motor skills of the hand, attention, imagination, consolidate knowledge of primary colors.

Material: cards with objects drawn from circles, colored caps from plastic bottles

Game progress: offer to lay out the object from the covers according to the scheme on the card.

Clothespin games

1. With a clothespin, alternately “bite” the nail phalanges (from the index to the little finger and back) on the stressed syllables of the verse:

“A silly kitten bites hard,

He thinks it's not a finger, but a mouse. (Change of hands.)

But I'm playing with you baby

And if you bite, I’ll tell you: “Shoo!”.

You can accompany the work by saying the rhyme:

"I'll pinch the clothespins deftly

I'm on my mother's rope.

"Decorate the picture with paperclips"

Target: develop fine motor skills of the hand, attention.

Material: figurines of animals and objects made of cardboard, colored paper clips.

Game progress: children are invited to complete the picture with paper clips, for example: a hedgehog - thorns, a sun - rays, etc.

Games with beads, pasta

Perfectly develops a hand with a variety of stringing. You can string everything that is stringed: buttons, beads, horns and pasta, drying, etc.

Beads can be sorted by size, color, shape.

"Collect a garland"

Target: to develop the ability to fasten buttons, fine motor skills of the hand, attention, orientation in space.

Material: strips of fabric with buttons at one end and a slit for them at the other.

Game progress: children connect the strips into a garland, fastening buttons on them.

"Flower meadow"

Target: develop fine motor skills of the hand, attention, consolidate knowledge of primary colors.

Material: a pole from a drape, elastic bands for hair, hairpins-crabs for hair.

Game progress: invite the children to plant crab flowers on “rubber stems” in the clearing.

"Counting stick games"

Target: develop fine motor skills of the hand, attention, imagination.

Material: counting sticks, cards with the image of objects.

Game progress:

1. Laying out geometric shapes.

2. Drawing up patterns.

3. Laying out items.

Games: Lacing

You can use both factory production and do-it-yourself. (Multiple laces are presented at the exhibition). Such games develop spatial orientation, attention, form lacing skills, develop creative abilities, contribute to the development of the accuracy of the eye, the sequence of actions.

Application

Applications are available from a very early age. If the child is still small, and you are afraid to give him scissors, let him tear pictures from a magazine or newspaper with his hands - as it will; and you will stick the torn pieces on a clean sheet, giving them some form. It can be a meaningful collage. From the age of 3 (sometimes earlier) you can learn to cut with scissors, the main thing is that they are safe, with rounded ends. To begin with, it is more convenient to cut out geometric shapes and figures from all the same color magazines, and with an adhesive pencil, fix them on a sheet. The game of cutting out patterns from several times folded pieces of paper has an undeniable advantage. No matter how clumsily the child cuts out, you still get a pattern that vaguely resembles a snowflake or an asterisk.

Working with plasticine

You can start sculpting from plasticine as early as 2 years old, the main thing is to select available tasks and do not forget to wash your hands. We sculpt sausages, rings, balls; we cut the plasticine sausage with a plastic knife into many small pieces, and then we stick the pieces together again. From each small piece we make a cake or a coin. You can press on our cake with a real coin to get an imprint.

Pieces of plasticine

Our Zina rolls,

balls, sausages,

And fairy tales come to life

Fingers are trying

They mold, they develop.

Such games contribute to the development of fine motor skills, sensation processes, relax the child, relieve emotional stress.

Drawing

Drawing is one of the most favorite activities of all children. The more often a child holds a brush, pencil or felt-tip pen in his hands, the easier it will be for him to print the first letters and words at school. Offer children a variety of tasks: this is the use of coloring books, finger painting on the wall in the bathroom using ordinary paints, drawing, shading, tracing games. You can circle everything that comes to hand: the bottom of a glass, an inverted saucer, your own palm, a spoon, etc. Molds for making cookies or cakes are especially suitable for this purpose. There are many factory games - strokes.

It is very unusual to paint with porous sponges, small rubber balls with a rough surface. Children are happy to use the so-called "signets".

We really hope that we were able to convince you of the importance of hand development for a preschool child and that by joint efforts we will help our children train their hand, promote the development of higher mental functions, and the development of spatial orientations.

In order to interest the child and help him master new information, you need to turn learning into a game, do not back down if the tasks seem difficult, do not forget to praise the baby.

Reminder for parents

For the development of fine motor skills, preschool children should be offered:

Exercises with a massage ball (from su-jok therapy), walnuts, pencils, pens, felt-tip pens.

"Dance" with your fingers and clap your hands softly and loudly, at different tempos.

Use with children various types of mosaics, constructors (iron, wooden, plastic), games with small details, counting sticks.

Organize games with plasticine, dough.

Try the finger painting technique. You can add salt or sand to the paints for a massage effect.

Use colored balls of thread for rewinding, ropes of various thicknesses and lengths for tying and untying.

Include a variety of natural materials in the games (sticks, twigs, cones, shells, cobs, etc.).

Engage with children in stringing beads, beads, learn to unbutton and fasten buttons, buttons, hooks, zippers.

Let the children shell the peas and peel the peanuts.

Launch small tops with your fingers.

Fold the nesting doll, play with different inserts.

Educator: Tereshina O.N. MAOU Chernivtsi secondary school structural subdivision Chernivtsi kindergarten "Lastochka"

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Relevance

I consider this topic relevant as most modern children have a general motor lag. It is now known that the initial stage life, it is fine motor skills that reflect how the child develops, testifies to his intellectual abilities. Children with poorly developed manual motor skills awkwardly hold a spoon, a pencil, cannot fasten buttons, lace up shoes. It can be difficult for them to collect scattered parts of the designer, to work with mosaics. They refuse modeling and applique, which are loved by other children, they do not keep up with the children in the classroom. Thus, the possibilities for mastering the world by children turn out to be depleted. Children often feel inadequate in elementary activities available to their peers. This affects the emotional well-being of the child, his self-esteem. Many experts and educators argue that the development of intellectual and thought processes it is necessary to begin with the development of the movement of the hands, fingers of the hands. It has been proven that this is due to the fact that the development of the hand belongs to important role in the formation of the brain cognitive abilities, the formation of speech. This means that in order for the child and his brain to develop, it is necessary to train his hands. On how deftly the child learns to control his fingers, his further development depends. That is why I chose the topic of developing fine motor skills, considering it an important part of a child's education.

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Target

Increasing competence on the theory and practice of the development of fine motor skills in children of senior preschool age. Create optimal conditions that contribute to the full disclosure of the potential of children. Tasks: 1. To improve the subject-developing environment of the group for the development of fine motor skills. 2. Develop fine motor skills of fingers in preschool children through the use of various forms, methods and techniques.

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The system of work on the development of fine motor skills

Finger games Finger gymnastics Finger exercises DEVELOPMENT OF MOTOR SKILLS theater classes cooperation applique modeling designing manual labor drawing finger puppet table applique modeling designing manual labor drawing Musical director

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Equipment of the pedagogical process.

Application finger gymnastics during the leisure time of children; - the use of finger gymnastics in the classroom, for a walk, etc.; - information sheets for parents; - learning poems, nursery rhymes; - the use of attributes for finger gymnastics. Brush, paints, sheets of paper Dolls, clothes for dolls Beads, lace Colored paper Ball, thread Cereals, beans, beans, peas, pasta. Plastic bottles, bottle caps Pipette, bowl Clothespins Coloring books, recipes, schemes Set of sticksKuzeneira Constructor "Builder" Finger theater "Kolobok" Finger theater "Turnip" Finger theater "Teremok" and many others. others

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Fingers are capable

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Artist Fingers

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finger artists

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assiduous fingers

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skillful fingers

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Talent Fingers

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magic fingers

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caring fingers

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Game activity

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Our fingers played, buttons were sewn on, the rug turned out to be a massage for the legs.

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together with parents

Ensure the unity of educational influences kindergarten and families; focused on a careful selection of games for the development of fine motor skills for children at home; to prevent the most common mistakes of upbringing in the family; include in active joint work with children and teachers; to achieve emotional and moral relationships between parents and children.

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open GCD viewing and master classes

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File cabinets

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Thus, the conducted studies made it possible to conclude that, indeed, the implementation of the game methodology for the development of fine motor skills of the hand in working with preschool children will be effective, provided: the inclusion of games at different regime moments; accounting individual features and play interests of children; methodically competent guidance of children's play activities; consolidation of game actions by children in the conditions of family education.

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