Health program for preschool children. The program of additional education for preschool children in health improvement and physical development "Health Lessons" Program for the improvement of preschool children

HEALTH OF THE PRESCHOOL CHILD.

The program was developed due to the particular relevance of the problem of maintaining the health of adults and children. Reflects effective approaches to a comprehensive solution to the issues of improving the health of the younger generation in preschool educational institutions. It defines the main directions, tasks, as well as an action plan and their implementation within 5 years. The program is able to change the face of an educational institution and create new conditions for the upbringing of a healthy personality.

Section 1

1.1 General

The constitution of the World Health Organization (WHO) states that health is not only the absence of disease or infirmity, but also complete physical, mental and social well-being. It is the most important indicator that reflects the biological characteristics of the child, the socio-economic state of the country, the conditions of upbringing, education of children, their life in the family, the quality of the environment, the degree of development of medical care, maternal and child health services, and ultimately the attitude of the state to the problems health.

According to the data published in the State Report on the State of Health of the Population of the Russian Federation, 60% of children aged 3 to 7 years old have functional deviations in their state of health, and only 10% of children come to school absolutely healthy. Therefore, the problem of health should be considered in a broad social aspect.

From this position at the center of work on a full-fledged physical development and strengthening the health of children should be, firstly, the family, including all its members and living conditions; secondly, a preschool educational institution where the child spends most of his active time, i.e. social structures that mainly determine the level of children's health

Therefore, in the preschool educational institution it is necessary to search for new approaches to the improvement of children, based on a multivariate analysis of external influences, monitoring the health status of each child, taking into account and using the characteristics of his body, individualizing preventive measures, and creating certain conditions.

1. 2. Purpose of programs

Program "Healthy baby" aimed at preserving and strengthening the health of children, the formation of parents, teachers, pupils of responsibility in maintaining their own health.

1. Law of the Russian Federation "On Education".

2. Laws of the Stavropol Territory "On Education", "On Health Care".

3. Sanitary norms and rules approved by a joint resolution of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation and the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision.

5. Charter of the educational institution.

1.4. Expected results

1. Awareness by adults and children of the concept of "health" and the impact of lifestyle on health.

2. Increasing the level of orientation to modern conditions of life.

Z. Mastering the skills of self-healing.

4. Reducing the incidence rate.

1.5. Program objects

Children of a preschool educational institution. Families of children attending an educational institution. The teaching staff of an educational institution.

Section 2

Basic principles of the program

1. The principle of scientificity- Reinforcement of all ongoing activities aimed at improving health, scientifically based and practically tested methods.

Participation of the entire team of teachers and parents in the search for new, effective methods and purposeful activities to improve themselves and children.

Solving health problems in the system of the entire educational process and all types of activities.

– realization of the rights of children to receive the necessary assistance and support, a guarantee of a positive result, regardless of age and level

Section 3

Preventive

1 .Ensuring a favorable course of adaptation;

2. Implementation of the sanitary regime;

3 .Resolution of health problems by all means of physical culture;

4. Prevention of acute diseases and neurotic conditions by methods of non-specific prophylaxis;

5. Implementation of social, sanitary and special measures for the prevention and spread of infectious diseases.

Organizational

1 . Organization of a health-saving environment in a preschool educational institution;

2. Determination of indicators of physical development, motor fitness, objective and subjective health criteria by diagnostic methods;

3. Preparation of individual health plans;

4 . The study of advanced pedagogical, medical and social experience in the improvement of children, the selection and implementation of effective technologies and methods;

5 . Systematic advanced training of pedagogical and medical personnel;

6. Promoting healthy lifestyles and health improvement methods in the team of children, parents, employees.

Medical

1. Anti-relapse treatment of chronic diseases;

2. Correction of individual deviations in physical and mental development;

3 . Deworming;

4. Antistrum prophylaxis of endemic goiter;

5 . Chemoprophylactic treatment of tubinfected children;

6. Providing first aid in emergencies.

Section 4

		Responsible
	Acquisition of the necessary equipment: Medical (phytoaeroionizer, Chizhevsky chandeliers, vitafon, quartz tube); Technological (oven); Sports (small exercise equipment, balls, dry pool); Furniture (chairs)	Deputy head, according to AHR
	Carrying out repairs: catering unit; laundry complex; Corridors; playgrounds	Deputy head, according to AHR
	Room equipment: Winter Garden; OBZh corner; Walking platform in the building; mini-museum; sensory room	Deputy head OIA Specialists
	Introduction of additional services: Musical and theatrical activities; artistic work; sports wrestling; Rhythmic gymnastics; Entertaining psychology	Deputy head OIA Specialists
	Opening of a health club for teachers "Nadezhda"	Physio teacher
	Ensuring conditions for the prevention of injuries in preschool educational institutions (compliance with TB in the organization educational process and free time, timely repair of furniture and equipment in preschool educational institutions)	Deputy head, according to AHR

	Development of a rehabilitation program and monitoring of implementation recreational activities, physical and neuropsychic development of children	Administration
	Development of a model for the implementation of health-saving methods in the UVP	Deputy head, OIA
	Search, study and implementation of effective technologies and methods of recovery: Aromatherapy G. Lavrenova; Self-healing sessions V.T. Kudryavtsev; energy gymnastics by N. Semenova, M. Perepelitsa; Educational gymnastics P. Dennison; Special hardening A. Umanskaya; Paradoxical gymnastics by A. Strelnikova; Psychophysical emancipation and recovery in structures of the educational process by V. Bazarny; Vibration-vocal exercises M. Lazarev; VLGD Buteyko;	Deputy, head, for UVR
	Determination of the structure, development of criteria, levels and methods for diagnosing the valeological culture of children by age groups	Deputy, head, for UVR
	Introduction of special classes (economic, life safety, rhythm)	Specialists
	Carrying out valeologization of the entire educational process (psychological background of classes, methods and forms of training, duration of classes, sanitary and hygienic conditions)	Deputy head for water resources management
	Conducting streamlining of the study load and active recreation of children (reducing the number of collective classes, the introduction of days of joy, vacations, a flexible schedule of classes)	Deputy, chief for water resources management
	Creating a healthy microclimate in a team of adults and children (Group Life Code, Teacher's Code of Honor)	educators
	Continued work to improve the subject-developing environment in preschool educational institutions, the introduction of new effective models	educators
	Organization of work with parents on the problem of preserving and strengthening the health of children (issue of newspapers, magazines; holding a series of lectures, providing an advisory center, a “helpline”)	educators
	Participation in scientific and practical conferences, seminars, meetings at various levels on the issues of children's health improvement
	Participation in the experiment on the introduction of health-saving technologies in preschool educational institutions

Section No. 5

	Forms and Methods
	Ensuring a healthy rhythm of life	Gentle regimen (adaptation period); Flexible mode; Organization of microclimate and style life of the group based on the Code; Accounting for the lunar rhythm; Accounting for biorhythms; Correction of biorhythmic activity
	Physical exercise	Morning exercises; Physical culture and health-improving classes; Mobile and dynamic games; Preventive gymnastics (breathing, sound, posture improvement, flat feet, vision); Sport games; Classes in sports sections; Terrenkur (dosed walking); Hiking
	Hygiene and water procedures	washing; Hand washing; Local and shared shower; water games; Ensuring the cleanliness of the environment; Swimming pool visit
	Light-air baths	Ventilation of premises (including through); Sleep with open transoms; Walks in the fresh air (including "room"); Ensuring temperature control and air purity
	Leisure	Entertainment, holidays; Fun games; health days; Holidays
	diet therapy	Balanced diet; Individual menu (allergies, obesity, chronic diseases)
	Light and color therapy	Ensuring the light regime; Color and light accompaniment of the environment and the educational process
	Music therapy musical theater activity	Musical accompaniment of regime moments; Music formation of the background of classes; Musical theatrical activity; Choral singing (including sound)
	Autogrening and psycho-gymnastics	Training games to suppress negative emotions and relieve neurotic states. Behavior correction; Educational gymnastics
	Special hardening	Barefoot; Game massage; Extensive washing; Breathing exercises
	Healthy lifestyle promotion	Ecological and Valeological Theatre; Periodicals; Course of lectures and conversations; Special classes (OBZh)

	Name of events	Dosage
	Cocktail "Air" (oxygen)	1 tsp 1 p. in a day daily.
	Lemon wedge with honey "Slastena"	1 tsp 1r. in a day daily.
	Vitamin C Therapeutic lubrication of the spout (oxalic ointment) - "Magic seasoning" (phytoncides - onion, garlic)	0.05 -1 p. per day daily 2r. per day daily At lunchtime daily
	Irrigation of the pharynx with saline solution	Daily after lunch.

health worker with parents

methods, technologies in preschool educational institutions

Determination of the health-improving orientation and significance for the child

Pedagogical-psychological-medical evaluation of effectiveness and forecast of effectiveness

Child monitoring

Special survey of teachers and parents.

6. Show results.

Open events.

Performances.

visual material.

7. Conclusions and suggestions.

GAME MASSAGE

Hardening Breath

This type of hardening strengthens the entire respiratory tract. Its essence lies in the implementation of a set of playing exercises with the nose. Recommended for younger children, but can also be used with older children. It is carried out 2-3 times a day.

« Let's play with the nose"

1. Organizing time

a) "Find and show the nose"

children sit comfortably and show their nose to an adult.

2. Main body

Game exercises with a spout.

b) "Help the nose get ready for a walk"

Each child takes a handkerchief or tissue and thoroughly cleans their nose on their own or with the help of an adult.

c) "The nose is walking"

An adult invites children to close their mouths tightly so that it does not interfere with walking and breathing well through the nose.

Older children can be offered to turn off mouth breathing by pressing the tip of the tongue against the hard palate. In both cases, inhalation and exhalation is performed through the nose.

d) "The nose is indulging"

On inspiration, the child resists the air by pressing the wings of the nose with the thumb and forefinger of one hand.

e) "The nose smells a pleasant smell"

The child performs 10 breaths through the right and left nostrils, alternately closing them with the index finger.

f) "The nose sings a song"

On exhalation, the baby taps the nose holes with his index finger and sings: "Ba-bo-boo."

g) "Warm up the nose"

The child places his index finger on the bridge of the nose and moves them to the wings of the nose, then up and back. Thus, a kind of rubbing is done.

H. Final stage

h) "The nose is returning home"

Children put away handkerchiefs and napkins. Show the adult that their nose is back.

Note. Game exercises can be accompanied by verses:

Find your nose quickly, show Aunt _______.

It is necessary to clean the nose, Collect for a walk.

Close your mouth, just walk with your nose

That's so spout-spoiler! He's used to playing pranks on us.

Hush, hush, don't rush

Breathe in the aroma.

Nice to walk in the garden

And the nose sings: "Ba-bo-boo."

We need to warm up our nose,

Rub it a little.

My nose is up,

Returns home.

Hand massage

Intensive action on the fingertips stimulates the flow of blood to the hands. This favors psycho-emotional stability and physical health, increases the functional activity of the brain, and tones the entire body.

"Let's play with hands"

1. Preparatory stage

Children rub their palms to a pleasant warmth

2. Main body

a) Massage with the thumb and forefinger of one hand - rub each finger, starting with the nail phalanx of the little finger of the other hand.

b) We massage the back of the palms, simulating hand washing.

c) We interlace the outstretched fingers of both hands and lightly rub them against each other, pointing the palms in opposite directions.

d) We close the interlaced fingers with a lock and bring them to the chest. Pause.

e) Stretch your fingers up and move them.

H. Final stage

children shake off their hands, relax them and rest.

Note. The exercise can be accompanied by verses:

Hey guys, everyone to me.

Who is standing there on the sidelines?

Well, quickly catch the courage

And start the massage game.

I rub my hands hard

I twist each finger.

Say hello to everyone

I won't bypass anyone.

I'll play with my nails, rub them against each other.

Then I'll wash my hands

Relax your shoulders gently.

Then I will wash my hands

I'll put my finger in my finger

I'll lock them up

And keep warm.

I will stretch my fingers

Let them run like bunnies.

One-two, one-two, That's the end of the game.

Here the game is over

The child is resting.

Massage of the magic points of the ears

This type of hardening is based on the stimulation of biologically active points located on the auricle and reflexively connected with almost all organs of the body. Massage of these points is useful, in particular, to improve the functioning of the respiratory system and to protect the body from colds.

It is accessible to children of all ages. It is recommended to carry out in the form of a game 2-3 times a day.

"Let's play with ears"

1. Organizational moment

The teacher invites the children to play and gathers them in a circle.

2. Main body

Ear exercises.

a) “We will find and show the ears”

Children find their ears, show them to an adult (if hair interferes, they are stabbed at the top).

b) "Let's clap our ears"

The child puts his hands behind his ears and bends them forward, first with his little finger, and then with all the other fingers. Pressing the auricles to the head, abruptly releases them. In this case, the child should feel cotton.

c) "Let's pull the ears"

The baby grabs both earlobes with the tips of the thumb and forefinger, pulls them down with force, and then releases.

d) "Twist the tragus"

The child inserts his thumb into the external auditory opening, and with his index finger presses the tragus - the protrusion of the auricle in front. Having captured the tragus in this way, he squeezes and turns it in all directions for 20-30 seconds.

d) “Warm up the ears”

The child puts his hands to his ears and carefully rubs the entire sink with them.

H. Closing moment

children relax and listen to silence.

Note. The number of repetitions of each exercise depends on the age of the children. On average, this is 7-8 times, for babies, 5-6 times is enough. actions can be accompanied by verses

Come to me, my friend, And sit down in a circle.

Find your ears And show them as soon as possible.

Deftly with them we play, That's how we clap our ears.

And now we're pulling everything down. Ushko, don't give up!

And then, and then

They twisted the goat.

The ear seems to be frozen

You can warm it up.

One, two! One, two! Here the game is over.

And once the game is over, Ti-schi-na has come!

Sole hardening massage

Hardening sole massage as an effective type of hardening is recommended for children of middle and older preschool age. It is based on the stimulation of active points located on the soles of the feet. Moan massage is done daily. If massaging the groan with a roller or rolling pin is carried out in the morning and in the evening for 3-10 minutes, then it is enough to perform a full massage once a week.

« Let's play with legs

1. Preparatory stage

a) Sit comfortably and relax.

6) Lubricate the soles of the feet with softening cream or vegetable oil (1-2 drops per palm).

2. Main body

a) With one hand, forming a “fork” of the thumb and other fingers, clasp the ankle and fix the foot. the other to stroke the foot from the toes to the ankle.

b) Knead the foot with all fingers.

c) Stroke the moan with a rake-like movement of the hand towards the fingers.

d) Pat the sole with the palm of your hand.

e) Bend the groan up with an arbitrary fall down.

f) Roll the stick with your feet (soles), gently pressing on it.

g) Rub the hardening zone located in the center of the sole with the thumb pad.

3. Final stage

a) Stroke the entire moan from fingers to ankles.

b) Sit quietly and relax.

Note. The dosage should be appropriate for the age of the children. The complex can be accompanied by verses:

We walked, we jumped

Our legs are tired.

Let's all sit down and rest

And let's start the sole massage.

A little bit of cream for each leg.

Although they are not a machine,

They need to be greased!

Let's hold the leg gently, The leg will be diligent.

Kindness to all, friends, we need. You always remember this!

Warm up is also a must.

Do it diligently.

Rub, try

And don't get distracted.

On the sole, like a rake,

Let's move our hands now.

Both useful and pleasant - This has long been clear to everyone.

Don't spare your hands

And beat harder on the legs.

They will be fast

Then try, catch up!

We also need flexibility

We are nowhere without her.

One - bend, two - straighten

Well, get active!

That's work, that's work

Hunting to roll a stick.

More fun you ride

Yes, follow her.

In the center of the zone we will find

Let's break it down nicely.

We need to be friends with her

For everyone to be healthy.

Let's all say "Thank you!"

To your little legs.

We will protect them

And always love.

Extensive wash

Extensive washing as an effective form of hardening is recommended for middle-aged and older children.

It is carried out after sleep.

The essence of extensive washing is as follows: a child, stripped to the waist, at a fast pace, independently performs a series of sequential actions.

"Wash"

"One" - washes the left hand with the right hand.

"Two" - washes the right hand with the left hand.

"Three" - with a wet right palm, draws from the fingertips of the left hand to the elbow.

"Four" - with a wet left palm, runs from the fingertips of the right hand to the elbow.

"Five" - puts wet palms on the back of the neck and leads forward at the same time.

"Six" - with a wet right palm makes a circular motion on the chest.

"Seven" - with wet palms, runs across the face from the forehead to the chin.

"Eight" - rinses hands.

"Nine" - squeezes them out, shaking them slightly.

"Ten" - wipes hands dry

Note. Washing can be accompanied by verses:

Once - wash the hand,

Two - repeat with the other.

Three - wetted up to the elbow,

Four - repeated with another.

Five - they spent it on the neck,

Six - bolder on the chest.

Seven - we will wash our face, Eight - we will wash away fatigue from our hands.

Nine - squeeze the water,

Ten - wipe dry.

"Barefoot

This is an excellent hardening remedy for children with poor health. Increases the resistance of the child's body to sharp fluctuations in temperature and to hypothermia. Held at any time of the day. dosage is determined by age. It is advisable to start in the warm season.

Types of walking and dosage

Types of children given

"Larks" - get up early. They are in a good mood. They are cheerful, cheerful, active. In the first half of the day, they easily cope with the complexities of life, willingly study, quickly learn the material. In the afternoon there is a decrease in activity. children get tired quickly, with difficulty perceive what is happening, By the evening they are lethargic, snotty, capricious, go to bed early.

"Owls"- the exact opposite of "larks". These children have difficulty waking up and having difficulty getting up. They have a hard time adjusting to the rhythm of the day. They are lethargic, apathetic, inactive. Difficult material is hard to digest. But in the second half of the day, their activity increases, they are transformed, willingly perform tasks, easily cope with them. In the evening they are excited, it is difficult to fall asleep.

At (doves) there are no pronounced features characteristic of "owls" and "larks". These children have the most stable mood. If they are healthy, they are cheerful and active all day long. Changing parts of the day does not affect their activity. For pigeons, problems waking up and falling asleep are rare.

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HEALTHY BABY

Program for the improvement of children in a preschool educational institution

Section 1

1.1 General

From this position, the focus of work on the full physical development and health promotion of children should be, firstly, the family, including all its members and living conditions; secondly, a preschool educational institution where the child spends most of his active time, i.e. social structures that mainly determine the level of children's health

1. 2. Purpose of programs

Program "Healthy baby"is aimed at preserving and strengthening the health of children, the formation of parents, teachers, pupils responsibility for maintaining one's own health.

1. 3. Legislative and regulatory support of the program

1. Law of the Russian Federation "On Education".

2. Laws of the Stavropol Territory "On Education", "On Health Care".

3. Sanitary norms and rules approved by a joint resolution of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation and the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision.

5. Charter of the educational institution.

1.4. Expected results

1. Awareness by adults and children of the concept of "health" and the impact of lifestyle on health.

2. Increasing the level of orientation to modern conditions of life.

Z. Mastering the skills of self-healing.

4. Reducing the incidence rate.

1.5. Program objects

Children of a preschool educational institution. Families of children attending an educational institution. The teaching staff of an educational institution.

Section 2

Basic principles of the program

1. The principle of scientificity- Reinforcement of all ongoing activities aimed at improving health, scientifically based and practically tested methods.

2. The principle of activity and consciousness- participation of the entire team of teachers and parents in the search for new, effective methods and purposeful activities to improve themselves and children.

3. The principle of complexity and integrativity- solution of health problems in the system of the entire educational process and all types of activities.

4. The principle of effectiveness and assurance– realization of rights children to receive the necessary help and support, a guarantee of a positive result, regardless of age and level

Section 3

Preventive

1 .Ensuring a favorable course of adaptation;

2. Implementation of the sanitary regime;

3 .Resolution of health problems by all means of physical culture;

4. Prevention of acute diseases and neurotic conditions by methods of non-specific prophylaxis;

5. Implementation of social, sanitary and special measures for the prevention and spread of infectious diseases.

Organizational

1 . Organization of a health-saving environment in a preschool educational institution;

2. Determination of indicators of physical development, motor fitness, objective and subjective health criteria by diagnostic methods;

3. Preparation of individual health plans;

4 . The study of advanced pedagogical, medical and social experience in the improvement of children, the selection and implementation of effective technologies and methods;

5 . Systematic advanced training of pedagogical and medical personnel;

6. Promoting healthy lifestyles and health improvement methods in the team of children, parents, employees.

Medical

1. Anti-relapse treatment of chronic diseases;

2. Correction of individual deviations in physical and mental development;

3 . Deworming;

4. Antistrum prophylaxis of endemic goiter;

5 . Chemoprophylactic treatment of tubinfected children;

6. Providing first aid in emergencies.

Section 4

	4.1 Technical and staffing.	Responsible
	Acquisition of the necessary equipment: Medical (phytoaeroionizer, Chizhevsky chandeliers, vitafon, quartz tube); Technological (oven); Sports (small exercise equipment, balls, dry pool); Furniture (chairs)	Head DOW Deputy head, according to AHR
	Carrying out repairs: catering unit; laundry complex; Corridors; playgrounds	Head DOW Deputy head, according to AHR
	Room equipment: Winter Garden; OBZh corner; Walking platform in the building; mini-museum; sensory room	Deputy head OIA Specialists
	Introduction of additional services: Musical and theatrical activities; artistic work; sports wrestling; Rhythmic gymnastics; Entertaining psychology	Deputy head OIA Specialists
	Opening of a health club for teachers "Nadezhda"	Physio teacher
	Providing conditions for the prevention of injuries in the preschool educational institution (compliance with safety in the organization of the educational process and free time, timely repair of furniture and equipment in the preschool educational institution)	Deputy head, according to AHR
	4.2. Organizational-methodical and psychological-pedagogical support
	Development of a rehabilitation program and monitoring the implementation of recreational activities, physical and neuropsychic development of children	Administration
	Development of a model for the implementation of health-saving methods in the UVP	Deputy head, OIA
	Search, study and implementation of effective technologies and methods of recovery: Aromatherapy G. Lavrenova; Self-healing sessions V.T. Kudryavtsev; energy gymnastics by N. Semenova, M. Perepelitsa; Educational gymnastics P. Dennison; Special hardening A. Umanskaya; Paradoxical gymnastics by A. Strelnikova; Psychophysical emancipation and recovery in structures of the educational process by V. Bazarny; Vibration-vocal exercises M. Lazarev; VLGD Buteyko;	Deputy, head, for UVR
	Determination of the structure, development of criteria, levels and methods for diagnosing the valeological culture of children by age groups	Deputy, head, for UVR
	Introduction of special classes (economic, life safety, rhythm)	Specialists
	Carrying out valeologization of the entire educational process (psychological background of classes, methods and forms of training, duration of classes, sanitary and hygienic conditions)	Deputy head for water resources management
	Conducting streamlining of the study load and active recreation of children (reducing the number of collective classes, the introduction of days of joy, vacations, a flexible schedule of classes)	Deputy, chief for water resources management
	Creating a healthy microclimate in a team of adults and children (Group Life Code, Teacher's Code of Honor)	educators
	Continued work to improve the subject-developing environment in preschool educational institutions, the introduction of new effective models	educators
	Organization of work with parents on the problem of preserving and strengthening the health of children (issue of newspapers, magazines; holding a series of lectures, providing an advisory center, a “helpline”)	educators
	Participation in scientific and practical conferences, seminars, meetings at various levels on the issues of children's health improvement	Head DOW
	Participation in the experiment on the introduction of health-saving technologies in preschool educational institutions	Head DOW

Section No. 5

Forms and methods of healing children

	Forms and Methods
	Ensuring a healthy rhythm of life	Gentle regimen (adaptation period); Flexible mode; Organization of microclimate and style life of the group based on the Code; Accounting for the lunar rhythm; Accounting for biorhythms; Correction of biorhythmic activity
	Physical exercise	Morning exercises; Physical culture and health-improving classes; Mobile and dynamic games; Preventive gymnastics (breathing, sound, posture improvement, flat feet, vision); Sport games; Classes in sports sections; Terrenkur (dosed walking); Hiking
	Hygiene and water procedures	washing; Hand washing; Local and shared shower; water games; Ensuring the cleanliness of the environment; Swimming pool visit
	Light-air baths	Ventilation of premises (including through); Sleep with open transoms; Walks in the fresh air (including "room"); Ensuring temperature control and air purity
	Leisure	Entertainment, holidays; Fun games; health days; Holidays
	diet therapy	Balanced diet; Individual menu (allergies, obesity, chronic diseases)
	Light and color therapy	Ensuring the light regime; Color and light accompaniment of the environment and the educational process
	Music therapy musical theater activity	Musical accompaniment of regime moments; Music formation of the background of classes; Musical theatrical activity; Choral singing (including sound)
	Autogrening and psycho-gymnastics	Training games to suppress negative emotions and relieve neurotic states. Behavior correction; Educational gymnastics
	Special hardening	Barefoot; Game massage; Extensive washing; Breathing exercises
11 .	Healthy lifestyle promotion	Ecological and Valeological Theatre; Periodicals; Course of lectures and conversations; Special classes (OBZh)

Medical and recreational activities

	Name of events	Dosage
	Cocktail "Air" (oxygen)	1 tsp 1 p. in a day Daily.
	Lemon wedge with honey "Slastena"	1 tsp 1r. in a day Daily.
	Vitamin C Therapeutic lubrication of the spout (oxalic ointment) - "Magic seasoning" (phytoncides - onion, garlic)	0.05 -1 p. per day daily 2r. per day daily At lunchtime daily
	Irrigation of the pharynx with saline solution	Daily after lunch.

Model of interaction between a teacher - a psychologist and

Educator with parents for promotion

Work Correction Efficiency

Model of the strategy and tactics of the work of the educator and

Health worker with parents

The structure of the introduction of health-saving

Methods, technologies in the preschool educational institution

1. Acquaintance with the theoretical foundations of the methodology, technology

- Determination of the health-improving orientation and significance for the child

Pedagogical-psychological-medical evaluation of effectiveness and forecast of effectiveness

2. Studying the opinion of parents and obtaining family support.

3. Creation of conditions and registration of the necessary material.

4. The inclusion of methodology in the pedagogical process.

5. Analysis of the results of use.

Child monitoring

Special survey of teachers and parents.

6. Show results.

Open events.

Performances.

visual material.

7. Conclusions and suggestions.

GAME MASSAGE

Interpretation and adapted version of the methods

Special hardening of children A. Umanskaya and K. Dineika

Hardening Breath

« Let's play with the nose"

1. Organizing time

a) "Find and show the nose"

children sit comfortably and show their nose to an adult.

2. Main body

Game exercises with a spout.

b) "Help the nose get ready for a walk"

Each child takes a handkerchief or tissue and thoroughly cleans their nose on their own or with the help of an adult.

c) "The nose is walking"

An adult invites children to close their mouths tightly so that it does not interfere with walking and breathing well through the nose.

Older children can be offered to turn off mouth breathing by pressing the tip of the tongue against the hard palate. In both cases, inhalation and exhalation is performed through the nose.

d) "The nose is indulging"

On inspiration, the child resists the air by pressing the wings of the nose with the thumb and forefinger of one hand.

e) "The nose smells a pleasant smell"

The child performs 10 breaths through the right and left nostrils, alternately closing them with the index finger.

f) "The nose sings a song"

On exhalation, the baby taps the nose holes with his index finger and sings: "Ba-bo-boo."

g) "Warm up the nose"

The child places his index finger on the bridge of the nose and moves them to the wings of the nose, then up and back. Thus, a kind of rubbing is done.

H. Final stage

h) "The nose is returning home"

Children put away handkerchiefs and napkins. Show the adult that their nose is back.

Note. Game exercises can be accompanied by verses:

Find your nose quickly, show Aunt _______.

It is necessary to clean the nose, Collect for a walk.

Close your mouth, just walk with your nose

That's so spout-spoiler! He's used to playing pranks on us.

Hush, hush, don't rush

Breathe in the aroma.

Nice to walk in the garden

And the nose sings: "Ba-bo-boo."

We need to warm up our nose,

Rub it a little.

My nose is up,

Returns home.

Hand massage

"Let's play with hands"

1. Preparatory stage

Children rub their palms to a pleasant warmth

2. Main body

a) Massage with the thumb and forefinger of one hand - rub each finger, starting with the nail phalanx of the little finger of the other hand.

b) We massage the back of the palms, simulating hand washing.

c) We interlace the outstretched fingers of both hands and lightly rub them against each other, pointing the palms in opposite directions.

d) We close the interlaced fingers with a lock and bring them to the chest. Pause.

e) Stretch your fingers up and move them.

H. Final stage

children shake off their hands, relax them and rest.

Note. The exercise can be accompanied by verses:

Hey guys, everyone to me.

Who is standing there on the sidelines?

Well, quickly catch the courage

And start the massage game.

I rub my hands hard

I twist each finger.

Say hello to everyone

I won't bypass anyone.

I'll play with my nails, rub them against each other.

Then I'll wash my hands

Relax your shoulders gently.

Then I will wash my hands

I'll put my finger in my finger

I'll lock them up

And keep warm.

I will stretch my fingers

Let them run like bunnies.

One-two, one-two, That's the end of the game.

Here the game is over

The child is resting.

Massage of the magic points of the ears

It is accessible to children of all ages. It is recommended to carry out in the form of a game 2-3 times a day.

"Let's play with ears"

1. Organizational moment

The teacher invites the children to play and gathers them in a circle.

2. Main body

Ear exercises.

a) “We will find and show the ears”

Children find their ears, show them to an adult (if hair interferes, they are stabbed at the top).

b) "Let's clap our ears"

c) "Let's pull the ears"

The baby grabs both earlobes with the tips of the thumb and forefinger, pulls them down with force, and then releases.

d) "Twist the tragus"

d) “Warm up the ears”

The child puts his hands to his ears and carefully rubs the entire sink with them.

H. Closing moment

children relax and listen to silence.

Note. The number of repetitions of each exercise depends on the age of the children. On average, this is 7-8 times, for babies, 5-6 times is enough. actions can be accompanied by verses

Come to me, my friend, And sit down in a circle.

Find your ears And show them as soon as possible.

Deftly with them we play, That's how we clap our ears.

And now we're pulling everything down. Ushko, don't give up!

And then, and then

They twisted the goat.

The ear seems to be frozen

You can warm it up.

One, two! One, two! Here the game is over.

And once the game is over, Ti-schi-na has come!

Sole hardening massage

« Let's play with legs

1. Preparatory stage

a) Sit comfortably and relax.

6) Lubricate the soles of the feet with softening cream or vegetable oil (1-2 drops per palm).

2. Main body

a) With one hand, forming a “fork” of the thumb and other fingers, clasp the ankle and fix the foot. the other to stroke the foot from the toes to the ankle.

b) Knead the foot with all fingers.

c) Stroke the moan with a rake-like movement of the hand towards the fingers.

d) Pat the sole with the palm of your hand.

e) Bend the groan up with an arbitrary fall down.

f) Roll the stick with your feet (soles), gently pressing on it.

g) Rub the hardening zone located in the center of the sole with the thumb pad.

3. Final stage

a) Stroke the entire moan from fingers to ankles.

b) Sit quietly and relax.

Note. The dosage should be appropriate for the age of the children. The complex can be accompanied by verses:

We walked, we jumped

Our legs are tired.

Let's all sit down and rest

And let's start the sole massage.

A little bit of cream for each leg.

Although they are not a machine,

They need to be greased!

Let's hold the leg gently, The leg will be diligent.

Kindness to all, friends, we need. You always remember this!

Warm up is also a must.

Do it diligently.

Rub, try

And don't get distracted.

On the sole, like a rake,

Let's move our hands now.

Both useful and pleasant - This has long been clear to everyone.

Don't spare your hands

And beat harder on the legs.

They will be fast

Then try, catch up!

We also need flexibility

We are nowhere without her.

One - bend, two - straighten

Well, get active!

That's work, that's work

Hunting to roll a stick.

More fun you ride

Yes, follow her.

In the center of the zone we will find

Let's break it down nicely.

We need to be friends with her

For everyone to be healthy.

Let's all say "Thank you!"

To your little legs.

We will protect them

And always love.

Extensive wash

Extensive washing as an effective form of hardening is recommended for middle-aged and older children.

It is carried out after sleep.

The essence of extensive washing is as follows: a child, stripped to the waist, at a fast pace, independently performs a series of sequential actions.

"Wash"

"One" - washes the left hand with the right hand.

"Two" - washes the right hand with the left hand.

"Three" - with a wet right palm, draws from the fingertips of the left hand to the elbow.

"Four" - with a wet left palm, runs from the fingertips of the right hand to the elbow.

"Five" - puts wet palms on the back of the neck and leads forward at the same time.

"Six" - with a wet right palm makes a circular motion on the chest.

"Seven" - with wet palms, runs across the face from the forehead to the chin.

"Eight" - rinses hands.

"Nine" - squeezes them out, shaking them slightly.

"Ten" - wipes hands dry

Note. Washing can be accompanied by verses:

Once - wash the hand,

Two - repeat with the other.

Three - wetted up to the elbow,

Four - repeated with another.

Five - they spent it on the neck,

Six - bolder on the chest.

Seven - we will wash our face, Eight - we will wash away fatigue from our hands.

Nine - squeeze the water,

Ten - wipe dry.

"Barefoot

Preparatory group

Walking and running on various types of soil, ground cover.

From 5 min and unlimited

Free running and walking in a group

5 – 30 min.

Types of children given

Biorhythmic activity

"Larks" - get up early. They are in a good mood. They are cheerful, cheerful, active. In the first half of the day, they easily cope with the complexities of life, willingly study, quickly learn the material. In the afternoon there is a decrease in activity. children get tired quickly, with difficulty perceive what is happening, By the evening they are lethargic, snotty, capricious, go to bed early.

"Owls" - the exact opposite of "larks". These children have difficulty waking up and having difficulty getting up. They have a hard time adjusting to the rhythm of the day. They are lethargic, apathetic, inactive. Difficult material is hard to digest. But in the second half of the day, their activity increases, they are transformed, willingly perform tasks, easily cope with them. In the evening they are excited, it is difficult to fall asleep.

U (pigeons) there are no pronounced features characteristic of "owls" and "larks". These children have the most stable mood. If they are healthy, they are cheerful and active all day long. Changing parts of the day does not affect their activity. For pigeons, problems waking up and falling asleep are rare.

Bring to notice who we call dangerous people. Explain, What threat do they pose when they meet? Talk about the work of the police

2. Contacts with strangers and rules of conduct with them

To draw the attention of children to the troubles that happen when in contact with strangers. Contribute to the conscious perception of the rules of behavior in such situations

3. Why unfamiliar guys are dangerous

Explain to the children what troubles happen when they come into contact with unfamiliar children. Encourage the need to be choosy in choosing friends

4. If you are in danger.

To develop in children the skills of correct behavior in extreme situations when in contact with dangerous people on the street, at home.

child and nature

5. Nature's danger signals

Teach children to be careful with objects of nature. To acquaint them with danger signals in animals, plants (color, thorns, thorns, sounds, horns and other attributes). Make sure you take precautions

b. When an edible is poisonous

Pay attention to poisoning, their causes and consequences. Give information about the unsuitability of food for consumption. Talk about first aid.

7. Contact with animals can be dangerous.

Teach children the dangers of contact with sick animals. Explain to them how to identify sick animals by their appearance. Supplement children's knowledge of how animals are treated themselves.

8. About the benefits and dangers of water

To deepen children's ideas about the benefits and harms of water. To acquaint them with the dangerous situations that arise near and on water. Convince of the need to comply with the rules of behavior on the water.

Baby at home

9.Our helpers and enemies at home.

To give information to children about the dangers of some appliances and household appliances at home. Ensuring that they strictly follow the instructions and prohibitions on their use.

10. Fire safety

To expand the information of children about fire-hazardous objects. Familiarize them with the rules of behavior in the event of a threat or occurrence of a fire. Describe the job of the fire department.

11. Extreme situations in everyday life, Rules of conduct.

Bring to the attention of children the life-threatening gas leak and water breakthrough in the apartment. Teach them what to do in such situations. Get to know the service 04.

Health

child

12. Healthy lifestyle values

Introduce children to the basic values of a healthy lifestyle. Encourage awareness of them.

13. Let's talk about illness

To expand and deepen children's knowledge about diseases (infectious and colds), their dangers. Emphasize the need for disease prevention.

14. We study our body

Continue to study the structure of the body with children. Introduce them to the functions of individual organs. Learn to take care of your body and take care of it.

15. Listen to your body

Teach children to be attentive to their body, listen to it and recognize the symptoms of the disease. Encourage children to report their suspicions to adults in a timely manner.

16. First aid rules. Nursing

Teach children about the ambulance service. Familiarize them with the rules of first aid in some cases. Teach children basic nursing skills.

Emotional well-being of the child

17. Conflicts and quarrels

To acquaint children with the concepts of "conflict" quarrel ", with the causes of their occurrence and negative consequences for a person. Teach children to avoid quarrels, find reconciliation and agreement.

18. good and evil

Teach children to distinguish between good and evil. Encourage them to do good deeds that positively affect others

19. Fears

Find out with children situations that cause them fear. Pay attention to how fear negatively affects a person, his behavior. Convince them of the need to fight.

20. Help yourself

Show children how a person's mood can change. Explain how it affects health. Introduce children to the techniques of AT

Child on the streets

21. City and streets

To expand children's ideas about the city, the structure and street markings. Consolidate existing knowledge about the rules of movement on the streets. Get to know the island of safety

22. Types of transport and special vehicles

To give children an idea of the appearance of the first cars. Tell about the types of transport (water, air, ground, underground) and the advantages of special vehicles. To bring to the attention of children the concept of "brake way car” and promote awareness of it when running in front of a moving vehicle.

23. road signs

Continue to acquaint children with road signs (prohibiting, warning, etc.), their purpose. To expand the idea of what ignorance or inconsistency of actions with road signs leads to.

24. Rules of conduct in transport

Teach children the rules of conduct in public and private transport. Help them understand

Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution

kindergarten of a general developmental type No. 3

municipal formation Leningradsky district

CHILDREN'S HEALTH PROGRAM

PRESCHOOL "KREPYSH"
Sheremetyeva I.E.

Arkhipova S.A.

The program is intended for specialists in physical culture, teachers working in preschool educational institutions, aimed at the formation and strengthening of health and education in the field of physical culture of preschool children

EXPLANATORY NOTE

Preschool childhood is an extremely important period when the foundations of physical and mental development and human health are laid. Due to the high prevalence of acute and chronic diseases in children brought up in preschool institutions, there remains a need for a constant search for health-improving measures - new methods and techniques, new techniques.

The protection and promotion of children's health, the formation of the habit of a healthy lifestyle is one of the primary tasks of preschool educational institutions. The relevance of the topic of a healthy lifestyle is confirmed by statistical indicators. The state of health of modern preschoolers is characterized by a high prevalence of morphofunctional deviations - 69.5-75.5%. The leading ones are disorders of the central nervous system, musculoskeletal system, cardiovascular system, digestive organs, allergic manifestations. Studies have shown that over the past 10 years the number of children with health disorders has doubled, and the number of preschool children without such disorders has decreased three times (V.R. Kuchma, M.I. Stepanova).

Analyzing the indicators of the health status of preschool children, MDOU No. 3, Art. Leningradskaya, it can be noted that there is an 8.4% decrease in the number of practically healthy children with an age-appropriate level of morphological and functional indicators, harmonious physical and mental development. The bulk of preschoolers (63.9%) are children with presonic, morphofunctional deviations in health. The health group with chronic diseases is 1.4% of children. There were children with chronic and congenital malformations in a state of subcompensation.

Analyzing the nature of the diseases, one can note the predominance of neurological disorders, the presence of diseases of the cardiovascular system, allergies, biliary dyskinesia, surgical disorders (phimosis).

Every year, among the contingent of children, a group of often (4 or more times a year) ill children was distinguished, which was a small number of children (7-8), but, nevertheless, there is a gradual increase in this indicator.

In this regard, it is necessary to organize a variety of activities in the preschool educational institution aimed at preserving the health of children, the implementation of a complex of educational, health-improving, and treatment-and-prophylactic measures at different age levels. The famous doctor N.M. Maksimovich-Ambodik warned that one should never treat with medicines that which “can be corrected with simple means”. The task of reducing the incidence can now be solved by carrying out non-specific protection of the body of children using various physical methods, herbs and aromatic oils, which increase the overall resistance of the body to diseases. Nature has invented mechanisms for protection and self-defense, and the task of the educator is to teach children to use these natural mechanisms, and with the help of non-traditional means, these mechanisms can be pushed to work.

The preservation and strengthening of the health of children brought up in preschool institutions is determined by a number of conditions, among which the main ones are:

implementation of health-saving pedagogical technologies;
individual approach to the child in accordance with his level of development, biological and psychological age;
observance of a rational regimen of the day, providing a change in a variety of activities and recreation;
creation of conditions to meet the biological needs of children in movement;
implementation of a system of measures to improve the health of weakened children;
implementation of various forms of systematic work with parents and the formation of healthy lifestyle skills in children based on hygienic education and training.

Teacher V.A. Sukhomlinsky believed that “care for the health of children is the most important work of the educator”, and “... at the head of pedagogical activities, penetrating through all educational work, care should be taken to strengthen the health of the child.”

Given the urgency of the problem, in order to preserve and strengthen the physical and mental health of pupils in MDOU No. 3, Art. Leningradskaya, a model for preserving the health of preschool children was tested using non-traditional methods of correction and rehabilitation, and a program for the rehabilitation of children was drawn up.

GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROGRAM
Target : creation of sustainable motivation and the need to preserve their health and the health of those around them.

Tasks:

preservation and strengthening of children's health;
formation of habits for a healthy lifestyle;
prevention of disorders of the musculoskeletal system, vision, colds;
formation of the need for daily motor activity;
instilling cultural and hygienic skills;
improving the body through the acquisition of the skill of proper breathing;
the formation of psychological health in preschoolers;
awareness and understanding of one's own "I", overcoming barriers in communication, the formation of communication skills;
development of attention, concentration, organization, imagination, fantasy, the ability to control one's actions, feelings.

Performance indicators

The main indicators are:

decrease in morbidity rates among preschoolers;
increase in indicators of development of physical qualities;
sustainable indicators of psycho-emotional well-being of preschoolers.

PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL BASES OF THE PROGRAM

According to the definition of the World Health Organization, health is the natural state of the body, characterized by its balance with the environment and the absence of any painful changes; a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being.

The task of a preschool institution is to teach every child to take care of their health. It has been proven that human health is 7-8% dependent on the work of the healthcare system and more than 60% on a person's lifestyle.

In the period of preschool childhood, in the process of purposeful pedagogical influence, children can form the need for a healthy lifestyle.

The preschool period is an extremely important stage in a child's life. It is at preschool age that enhanced physical and mental development takes place, various abilities are intensively formed, the foundation of character traits and moral qualities of the individual is laid. At this stage, the child develops the deepest and most important human feelings.

Based on the characteristics of the mental development of children, it is possible and necessary to lay the foundations of a healthy lifestyle at preschool age, since it is during this period that vivid, imaginative, emotional impressions accumulate, and the foundation is laid for a correct attitude to one's health.

PRINCIPLES OF BUILDING THE PROGRAM

Scientific principle involves the reinforcement of all recreational activities with scientifically based and practically tested methods.

The principle of integrity, complexity of pedagogical processes is expressed in the continuity of the healing process and involves the close interaction of teachers and medical workers of preschool educational institutions.

The principle of concentric (spiral) learning It consists in the repetition of topics in all age groups and allows you to apply what you have learned and learn new things at the next stage of development.

The principle of systematic and consistent involves the relationship of knowledge, skills and abilities.

The principle of complexity and integration - includes the solution of health problems in the system of the entire educational process and all types of activities.

The principle of connection between theory and practice forms in children the ability to apply their knowledge on the preservation and promotion of health in everyday life.

The principle of individual-personal orientation of education suggests that the main goal of education is the child, and not the world around. The teacher, relying on the individual characteristics of the child, plans his development, outlines ways to improve skills and abilities, build a motor regime.

The principle of accessibility allows you to eliminate the harmful effects on the body of children as a result of excessive demands and physical exertion.

The principle of success lies in the fact that at the stage of health formation, the child receives tasks that he is able to successfully complete.

The principle of communication helps to educate in children the need for communication, in the process of which the social motivation of health is formed.

Performance principle involves obtaining a positive result of health-improving work.

The principle of humanism determines the general nature of the relationship between the educator and pupils. The child is determined by the main value with his inner world, interests, needs, abilities, opportunities and characteristics.

The principle of humanization includes assistance in the formation of the child's personality, self-development, mitigation of tension, restoration of human ecology, his peace of mind.

The principle of natural conformity presupposes his upbringing in accordance with the nature of the child, means an attitude towards the child as part of nature.

The principle of cultural conformity provides for the maximum use of the culture of the environment in which the preschool educational institution is located (L.D. Stolyarenko, S.I. Smurygin).

The principle of integrity and unity determines the internal continuity of the content and means of its presentation. Man is an integral system with the unity of psychophysical, social, spiritual and moral components that influence each other.

The principle of continuity of health education includes continuous improvement of the individual in various aspects of life.

Sufficiency principle can be described as the formula "everything is good in moderation."

The principle of "do no harm!".

In the process of educating a healthy personality, it is also necessary to apply the principles of medical pedagogy as initial requirements (V.E. Gurin, E.A. Degtyarev, A.A. Dubrovsky): the principle of optimism, the principle of an active life position, the principle of continuity, the principle of an individual-personal approach , the principle of continuity.

Theoretical foundations of the program are based on the following concepts, theories, ideas:

concepts of student-centered education(E.V. Bondarevskaya, V.A. Petrovsky, S.V. Kulnevich, I.S. Yakimanskaya and others);
theories of management of the pedagogical process(A.G. Asmolov, V.P. Bespalko, A.Ya. Danilyuk, R.M. Chumicheva and others);
concepts of valeological education(G.K. Zaitsev, V.V. Kolbanov, L.G. Tatarnikova, V.P. Solomin).

WELLNESS METHODS

Methods aimed at the development of the respiratory system

The technique of paradoxical breathing exercises A.N. Strelnikova aimed at the treatment and restoration of the voice. The essence of the technique is in an active short breath, which trains all the muscles of the respiratory system. Attention on exhalation is not fixed, it should occur spontaneously.

Methods aimed at increasing the body's resistance

Finger massage. In terms of saturation with acupuncture zones, the hand is not inferior to the ear and foot. Massage of the thumb increases the functional activity of the brain, the index finger has a positive effect on the state of the stomach, the middle one - on the intestines, the ring finger - on the liver and kidneys, and the little finger - on the heart.

Techniques aimed at correcting vision

Vision correction method V.F. Bazarny lies in the fact that for the periodic activation of visual coordination, schemes of visual-motor projections (simulators for vision correction) are used.

W. Bates and M. Corbett vision improvement method. Some techniques are used to relieve the main stress.

Methods aimed at the development of motor activity

Rhythmic gymnastics is one of the varieties of recreational gymnastics. It strengthens the musculoskeletal, apparatus, respiratory and cardiovascular systems, contributes to the formation of correct posture, the development of musicality. Rhythmic gymnastics includes general developmental, strength, acrobatic exercises, elements of rhythmic gymnastics, jumping, running, dance movements with elements of modern and folk dances.

Methods aimed at the prevention of acute respiratory infections

Massage of biologically active zones(according to A.A. Umanskaya) is recommended by pediatricians for the rehabilitation of debilitated and often ill children. Massage of active vital points increases the protective properties of the mucous membranes of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and other organs. During massage, the human body begins to produce its own drugs (interferon).

Aerophytotherapy(according to Yu.V. Akimov and I.F. Ostapchuk) is based on the use of phytoncides of essential oil plants, which have biological activity and the ability to penetrate through the respiratory organs into the human body and have a healing effect on it.

Phytotherapy(according to N.I. Kurakov) consists in gargling, inhalations and spraying with infusions of medicinal plants for preventive and therapeutic purposes.

Hardening by water, air and sun- one of the generally accepted methods of non-specific prevention of acute respiratory infections. Contrast techniques in a pulsating mode based on the data of G.N. Speransky, Yu.F. Zmanovsky, R.P. Narcissova, SV. Khrushchev.

Methods aimed at the development of the speech apparatus

Finger games. According to I. Kant, "the hand is the brain that has come out." Man is a universal "thinking body", an example of this universality is the moving hand of man. The greatest impact of impulses from the muscles of the hands on the development of the cerebral cortex occurs only in childhood while the motor region is being formed. Therefore, work on the development of fine motor skills of the fingers in preschool age is of particular importance. Scientists have proven that a speech-motor analyzer is formed on the basis of a motor analyzer. Performing kinesiology exercises with each hand contributes to the formation speech areas in both hemispheres of the brain.

Logarithmics - a comprehensive methodology that includes the means of speech therapy, musical-rhythmic and physical education, aimed at correcting speech disorders and developing non-speech processes: improving general motor skills, regulating muscle tone, activating all types of attention and memory.

Methods aimed at correcting the mental state

Psycho-gymnastics- a non-verbal method of group psychotherapy, which is based on the use of motor expression. This is a course of special classes (etudes, exercises, games) aimed at developing and correcting various aspects of the child's psyche (cognitive and emotional-personal). Psycho-gymnastic studies E.A. Alyabyeva, M.I. Chistyakova, adapted to senior preschool age, are aimed at developing the imagination, relieving intellectual and emotional tension, harmonizing relationships with other people, and developing self-confidence through psychotherapy gaming options.

Communication games(according to K. Orff, V.A. Zhilin, T.E. Tyutyunnikova and E.V. Rybak) contribute to the formation of a positive microclimate in the children's team, the development of the child's personality, and the disclosure of his creative abilities.

Music therapy(according to I.R. Tarkhanov, M.Ya. Mudrov, O.A. Mashkov) is an effective method for the prevention and treatment of childhood neuroses. Music increases the body's ability to release endorphins - brain biochemicals that help cope with pain and stress, regulate breathing.

Methods aimed at improving the performance of children

dynamic breaks, being one of the forms of outdoor activities during sedentary activities, they increase the mental performance of children in the classroom and give “muscular joy” (IP Pavlov). Short-term physical exercises accompanied by music excite certain parts of the brain, increase blood circulation and create favorable conditions for the rest of previously excited parts.

Minutes of rest.

Relaxation exercises (work in the corners of relaxation). They promote relaxation, are held both at the beginning of the lesson - for the purpose of setting up, and at the end - in order to integrate the experience gained during the lesson.

Methods for improving the environment

color therapy(according to V.M. Bekhterev, E.M. Gale, E.D. Babbit). Properly selected colors help create a good mood and increase human performance.

flora design helps purify indoor air with plants that actively absorb harmful substances (according to NACA experiments).

Art therapy is based on the sensory-figurative nature of art and its influence on emotions, the mood of a person (A.G. Zakhovaeva, A.I. Kopytin).

PROGRAM STRUCTURE

Children's health is a concept that includes the physical, mental and social health of the younger generation. Therefore, work with children in preschool educational institutions should be carried out in the following areas:

ensuring conditions for maintaining and strengthening the health of children;
implementation of health-improving and preventive and health-improving work with children;
physical, personal and intellectual development of each child, taking into account his individual characteristics;
implementation of correction of deviations in physical and mental development;
assistance and support to the family in the upbringing of children.

The main goal of the rehabilitation program for preschoolers is to create a system for the rehabilitation of pupils, a complex of organizational forms and methods of activity of preschool educational institutions aimed at maintaining and improving health .

The health-improving orientation of the preschool educational institution is a set of ideas, actions, skills and abilities of participants in the educational process, aimed at forming a healthy personality of the pupil. The educational and recreational activities of the preschool educational institution are carried out within the framework of the pedagogical process and have characteristic features: systematic assistance to the self-development of the body and the formation of a self-concept of a healthy personality.

The main components of the formation of the self-concept of a healthy personality are:

health knowledge;
positive mental attitude;
personal and public hygiene;
optimal motor activity;
balanced diet;
restoration of body functions;
hardening.

The health improvement program for preschoolers includes several blocks (directions) of work:

Organization of a health-saving educational space in MDOU and the family.
Preventive (phyto-, vitamin-, aeroiono-, music therapy, fairy tale therapy).
Ensuring the psychological safety of the child's personality.
Health-improving orientation of the educational process.
Formation of the valeological culture of the child.

Health-improving and preventive measures are aimed at:

decrease in the incidence rate;
identification of risk factors;
decrease in the level of functional tension of children;
regulation of life modes, taking into account the individual characteristics of children.

Organization of a health-saving educational space in the preschool educational institution and the family includes daily use:

forms of work to preserve and strengthen physical and mental health (morning exercises, entertainment, holidays, games, health days, aromatization of rooms, musical and theatrical activities, psycho-gymnastics, etc.);
a complex of hardening measures (air hardening, walking along “health paths”, prevention of flat feet, walking barefoot, gargling, mouth, maximum exposure of children to fresh air);
physical education classes of all types, taking into account the children's health group;
developing classes using non-traditional forms and methods of work (aromatherapy, color therapy, music therapy, auto-training);
optimal motor mode (traditional motor activity of children - morning exercises, physical education, outdoor games, walks, musical and rhythmic classes, independent motor activity; inclusion of health improvement and prevention technologies in the educational process (five-minute health, motor breaks, relaxation pauses, days of health, physical culture and sports holidays).

The preventive direction includes:

the introduction of phyto-, vitamin-, aroma-, aeroiono-, music therapy, fairy tale therapy in regime moments;
reception of tinctures and decoctions of plants-adaptogens in accordance with the plan of recreational activities.

Ensuring the psychological safety of the child's personality is carried out through a psychologically comfortable organization of regime moments, an optimal motor regime, the correct distribution of physical and intellectual loads, a friendly style of communication between adults and children, which is based on understanding, recognition and acceptance of the child; the use of relaxation techniques in the daily routine, the use of the necessary means and methods to preserve the mental health of preschoolers: elements of auto-training and relaxation, psycho-gymnastics, music therapy, fairy tale therapy.

Health-improving orientation of the educational process includes the valueologization of the educational space of children, respect for the nervous system of the child, the organization and conduct of recreational activities.

Formation of the valeological culture of the child- knowledge about health, the ability to save, maintain and preserve health, the formation of a conscious attitude to physical and mental health and life.

Formation of valeological culture of parents.

Together with a medical worker, a system of comprehensive measures was developed to improve the health of children: introducing them to a healthy lifestyle, carrying out planned measures for the prevention of acute respiratory infections, maintaining a health regimen in the family and a preschool institution, teaching proper breathing, preventing musculoskeletal disorders, daily hardening procedures and self-massage, use of anti-stress exercises.

MAIN DIRECTIONS OF THE PROGRAM

ORGANIZATION OF A HEALTHY RHYTHM OF LIFE

In a preschool institution, children spend a significant part of their time during a period of intensive growth and development, the formation of good habits. Therefore, the quality of the entire DOW environment for proper development preschooler is important. The basis of a healthy environment for children in a preschool educational institution is the creation of favorable hygienic, pedagogical, aesthetic conditions and a comfortable environment. A normally developing environment, according to academician N.N. Podyakova, is the main condition for optimizing the process of self-development and activity of the child.

The main psycho-hygienic and psycho-prophylactic means in the preschool educational institution is a rational health regimen. A physiologically correct regimen is of great importance for the prevention of fatigue and the protection of the nervous system of children, it creates the prerequisites for the normal course of all vital processes in the body. A clear daily routine in the preschool educational institution and the family, in accordance with the age characteristics and capabilities of the child's body, largely determines its physical and mental well-being.

The daily routine in kindergarten should be flexible. When determining it, it is necessary to take into account biorhythms, weather conditions, atmospheric pressure, astrological forecast. Depending on the condition of the children, it is permissible to reduce the time of classes, change their structure, increase the duration of a walk and sleep, depending on weather conditions. The constant components of the regimen are the time of meals, daytime sleep, the total duration of the child's stay in the open air (walk in the morning and evening) and indoors when doing physical exercises. The rest of the mode components are dynamic.

Modern preschoolers experience significant mental overload. The child already in preschool childhood experiences the harmful effects of hypodynamia (restriction of movement). Improving physical exercises are used to compensate for insufficient mobility. Therefore, it is very important to rationally organize the regime in kindergarten so that children are on the move as much as possible. As a result of physical activity, the functional indicators of the cardiovascular system improve, its development accelerates, the muscular apparatus develops and strengthens, the respiratory system works more actively, the coordination of the activity of the nerve centers improves, and the emotional tone increases. Physical training improves the processes of thinking, memory, promotes concentration, increases the functional reserves of many organs and systems of the body.

ORGANIZATION OF MOTOR ACTIVITY OF CHILDREN

One of the conditions for the rational organization of children's activities in a preschool educational institution is to ensure an optimal motor regime that allows you to satisfy the physiological need for movement, contributes to the development of basic motor qualities and helps to maintain a high level of performance throughout the day.

Model of the mode of physical activity of children

Types of occupations	Content Options	Organization Features
morning exercises	Traditional gymnastics Aerobics Rhythmic gymnastics Corrective	Daily in the morning, outdoors or in the hall. Duration 10-12 min.
Physical education	Traditional activities Game and story lessons Training type classes Thematic classes Control and verification classes Outdoor activities	Two classes per week in the gym. Duration 20-35 min.
Physical education minutes Musical minutes	Exercise to relieve general and local fatigue Hand exercises Gymnastics for the eyes Gymnastics to improve hearing Breathing exercises Exercises for the prevention of flat feet	They are held daily during classes on the development of speech, fine arts, the formation of mathematical representations. Duration 3-5 min.
Corrective exercises after sleep	Warm-up in bed - corrective exercises and self-massage Wellness walking along massage and ribbed paths Development of fine motor skills and visual-spatial coordination	Daily, with open transoms in the bedroom or group. Duration 7-10 min.
Outdoor games and exercise during the walk	Mobile games of medium and low intensity Folk games relay races Sports activities (cycling, sledding) Games with elements of sports (football, badminton, towns, basketball, hockey)	Daily, on a morning walk. Duration 20-25 min.
Outdoor games and exercise during the walk	Games that heal Music games ball school	On a walk in the afternoon Duration 15-20min.
Wellness run		2 times a week, in groups of 5-7 people, is carried out during the morning walk. Duration 3-7 min.
"Health weeks"	Valeology classes Independent motor activity Sports games and exercises Autumn and spring jumping and running championships. Joint labor activity of children, teachers and parents Entertainment.	4 times a year (October, January, March, July)
Sports holidays and sports activities	Gaming Competitive Story Creative Combined Forming a healthy lifestyle	Holidays are held 2 times a year. Duration no more than an hour. Leisure - once a quarter. Duration no more than 30 min.
Independent motor activity	Self-selection of movements with aids, using home-made or adapted equipment.	Daily, during a walk, under the guidance of a teacher. The duration depends on the individual.
Participation of parents in sports and recreation, mass events, classes		Preparation and holding physical culture leisure, holidays, days of health.

Morning exercises are important for hardening the body, increasing the efficiency of children after sleep and regular physical training in order to improve the muscular system, cardiovascular and respiratory systems. It should be carried out with an open window. Fresh air affects the skin receptors with cold, which contributes to a rapid increase in the excitability of the central nervous system and the restoration of normal performance. In morning gymnastics, it is advisable to change exercises frequently with multiple repetitions (up to 8-12 times) of one exercise (in accordance with the recommendations of Yu.F. Zmanovsky).

Morning exercises can be carried out in various forms.

Traditional morning exercises consists of motor exercises (various types of walking and running), a set of general developmental exercises for different muscle groups, jumps in alternation with walking, breathing exercises and the final part (walking). The introductory and final parts are performed in a circle; to perform a set of exercises, children are built in columns.

Game gymnastics includes 3-6 simulation exercises. Figurative movements are united by one theme. This type of morning exercises is used in work with younger preschoolers.

Gymnastics using various items carried out as a traditional morning exercise with gymnastic sticks, hoops, ribbons, flags, bags, etc.

Options for various types of morning exercises are presented in Appendix No. 1.

Wellness classes are held regularly. Samples of conducting recreational activities with children are presented in Appendix No. 2.

Music lessons

During the course, rhythmic, musical and didactic, speech, round dance, musical communicative, finger games, games with singing. Much attention is paid to exercises for the development of breathing. Options for classes using music therapy are presented in Appendix No. 3.

Dynamic pauses

Dynamic pause - filled with various types of motor activity, characterized by a significant predominance of mental load or monotony of movements. Dynamic pauses are designed to prevent fatigue and reduce performance. Therefore, they are held during classes in mathematics, speech development, fine arts activities. Variants of dynamic pauses are presented in Appendix No. 4.

Physical minutes, logarithmic gymnastics, and finger games also help relieve stress.

Physical education minutes

Physical education sessions are held to increase mental performance and reduce fatigue, provide short-term active rest. Fizkulminutka consists of 3-4 exercises for large muscle groups that activate breathing and blood circulation. Samples are presented in Appendix No. 4.

Logo-rhythmic gymnastics

Logo-rhythmic gymnastics is a form of active relaxation for relieving tension after prolonged work in a sitting position. It is performed to music, reading a poem or singing by children and a teacher. Logo-rhythmic exercises are combined into complexes of general developmental exercises, in which all muscle groups are involved.

finger games

Finger games develop fine motor skills, coordination of movements and attention in children, activate speech skills, thinking and memory. Game options are presented in Appendix No. 5.

Preventive gymnastics

Preventive gymnastics is carried out with the aim of increasing the functionality of the body, working capacity and restoring health. Preventive gymnastics can be carried out during classes, before a walk, eating, starting playing activities, in any free moment. Duration - 2-3 minutes. Samples are presented in Appendix No. 6.

Self massage

Massage is a system of dosed mechanical effects on the skin and underlying tissues of the human body.

Self-massage is a way of regulating the body, one of the methods of regulating blood flow. Children are taught to perform stroking, kneading, tapping and patting movements in the direction of the blood flow. Options for self-massage with children are presented in Appendix No. 7.

Gymnastics for the eyes

Eye exercises include fixation of vision at various points, movement of the gaze. Exercises contribute to the restoration of normal vision, it is recommended to perform 2 times a day. Approximate exercises for eye gymnastics are presented in Appendix No. 8.

Breathing exercises

Respiratory gymnastics helps to normalize breathing, strengthens the respiratory muscles, and prevents congestion in the lungs.

Breathing exercises are performed for 2-5 minutes, you can stand, sit and lie on your back. Options for using breathing exercises in preschool educational institutions are presented in Appendix No. 9.

Running, walking, outdoor and sports games for a walk

Dosed running and walking for a walk is one of the ways to train and improve endurance. At the beginning and at the end of the walk, the children perform a jog, after which they switch to walking, stepping in rhythm.

Outdoor and sports games develop observation in children, the perception of individual things, improve coordination of movements, speed, strength, dexterity, accuracy, endurance and other psychophysical qualities.

Games must be selected taking into account the age of the children, taking into account the degree of mobility of the child in the game. Games should include various types of movements and contain interesting motor game tasks.

Based on the research of Kozyreva O.V. in the course of work with children of preschool age are introduced health-improving games with the most common diseases and deviations in the health status of preschoolers

recreational and educational games for flat feet;
health-improving games in violation of posture;
recreational and educational games for biliary dyskinesia;
health-improving games for obesity;
health-improving and educational games for functional disorders of the heart; health-improving and educational games for frequently ill children.

These games are competitive, cooperative and non-competitive. Appendix No. 10 provides a description of the games.

Relaxation exercises and invigorating gymnastics

Relaxation exercises are performed to relieve tension in the muscles involved in various activities. Relaxation is a state of rest, relaxation that occurs as a result of stress relief, after strong experiences or physical efforts. It is recommended to perform relaxation exercises before daytime sleep using music and aromatherapy.

Invigorating gymnastics carried out after daytime sleep Purpose: to make the transition from sleep to wakefulness more physiological, improve the mood of children and increase muscle tone. After waking up, the children perform some exercises in bed, stretching, get up and go along the massage mats (“health paths”) to another room, then perform rhythmic gymnastics exercises. The total duration of invigorating gymnastics is 7-15 minutes. Options for invigorating gymnastics and relaxation exercises are presented in Appendix No. 11.

HARDENING

Hardening increases the body's resistance to infectious diseases, accelerates metabolism, and has a beneficial effect on the psychosomatic state of the child.

Educators choose from the proposed methods hardening procedures that they will carry out with the children of their group. In a preschool institution, hardening methods are used that are absolutely harmless to all children.

A prerequisite for hardening is compliance with the principles of gradualness and systematicity. The effect in reducing acute morbidity is manifested a few months after the start of the procedures, and a lasting effect - after a year.

SPECIAL HARDENING MEASURES

Take air baths daily in combination with physical exercises.
Rinse your mouth with boiled water at room temperature after each meal.
Widely used for hardening and healing is not
traditional fitness equipment.
Daily in morning exercises use rhythmic
movement.
Use in your work dynamic, static breathing exercises of hatha yoga and exercises developed on
basis of Chinese health systems.
After sleep, do exercises to wake up.
Apply acupressure.
In spring- winter period introduce vitaminization and phytotherapy.

ORGANIZATION OF RATIONAL NUTRITION

To ensure proper nutrition, it is necessary to have all the necessary ingredients in food, a rational diet and the distribution of food by calorie content throughout the day. The lack of protein, iodine, vitamin A, folic acid, calcium, iron in the nutrition of young children leads to developmental delay, anemia, and a decrease in immunity, which affects health in the future. Healthy nutrition of children should satisfy the energy needs of the body associated with physical development.

A properly selected diet helps to compensate for violations in the health of children.

Food enriched with protein and vitamin C increases the body's defenses against the effects of harmful factors. It is advisable to include daily vegetable oil in the diet, which is a carrier of polyunsaturated fatty acids that regulate oxidative processes in the body. One of the sources of these acids is fish oil, so it is advisable to include fatty fish (halibut, capelin, perch, herring, sprat, etc.)

The diet of preschoolers should include a large amount of vegetable fibers and fiber, since ballast substances are physiologically important elements of food along with nutrients (proteins, fats, vitamins, carbohydrates, microelements). Consumption of artificially prepared (refined) products should be limited.

To compensate for vitamin deficiency, be sure to include in the diet fresh vegetables, fruits, juices, as well as products that have radioprotective properties (protect against radiation), which include red beetroot, sea buckthorn, chokeberry, rose hips, blueberries, cranberries. The lack of natural fruits in baby food can be filled with dried fruits, from which compotes, kissels, desserts with sugar and sour cream are prepared, they are added to cereals, casseroles, puddings. For an afternoon snack, instead of juice or dairy products, you can serve vitamin drinks from berries and medicinal herbs. In winter, finely chopped fresh onion or garlic is added to the soup. In the spring, it is recommended to serve baked apples for an afternoon snack. Raw salads with vegetable oil should be served before meals, and not with the second course.

For children with food allergies to certain foods, the food is prepared separately.

In winter in the preschool it is necessary to organize work on the prevention of influenza. It includes:

Rinsing the throat with infusions of antiseptic herbs (sage, eucalyptus, calendula, etc.) - daily after meals for the period of the epidemic.
Aeration of groups with finely chopped garlic and onions - daily for the period of the epidemic.
Garlic-lemon infusion - daily 1 teaspoon 2 times a day (before lunch and dinner).
Eleutherococcus extract - a course of 10 days (from 3 years old - 1 drop
1 time per day, from 5 years old - 2-3 drops 1 time per day).
Ascorbic acid for children from 3 years old - 1 tablet 2 times a day for 15 days.
Licorice root syrup (children of the preparatory group) - within 7 days.
Oxolinic ointment (for children of the preparatory group) - daily 2 times a day before a walk.
Phytotherapy: green tea- daily after sleep.
Wearing a medallion with fresh cloves of garlic - daily.
Plantar foot massage - for 10 days.

In the practice of work of the preschool educational institution, it is necessary to use aerophytotherapy. A contraindication to the use of aerophytotherapy is an increased individual sensitivity to smell. Recommendations for the use of aromatherapy in preschool educational institutions are presented in Appendix No. 12.

In winter and early spring, the child's body lacks vitamins, so it is necessary to include in the diet of children vitamin supplements and teas, tonic infusions that raise the body's defenses.

CREATING CONDITIONS IN DOE.

In a preschool educational institution, it is necessary to create comfortable conditions for children, taking into account the positive impact on health of color, light and a developing environment.

An important means of physical and intellectual development of children is a rich and varied subject environment. Within the framework of the preschool educational institution, it is possible to use non-standard equipment that combines physical education with a game, which helps to create conditions for the most complete self-expression of the child in motor activity. Options for non-standard equipment are presented in Appendix No. 13.

Each group must have a Health Corner, which contains equipment for self-study sports.

One of the components of the children's health improvement program is the implementation of the Health Vacation program (author: instructor Korotya A.N.). This program is aimed at improving the health of children in kindergarten. Its goal is to help teachers and parents in the process of daily activities of preschool children to organize recreational work related to the formation of health motivation and behavioral skills for a healthy lifestyle (Appendix No. 14).

According to the wellness program, each day is defined by a separate topic (“Vitaminkin School”, “Vegetable Day”, “Fruit Day”, “Visiting Aibolit”). Health Week is held seasonally. The wellness program includes the following activities:

morning exercises in the fresh air;
breathing exercises;
finger gymnastics;
game massage;
health walking;
run,
exercises for the prevention of flat feet;
awakening gymnastics;
mobile, sports games;
hardening procedures;
tasting of salads, herbal tea;
sports entertainment;
puppet shows.

Listening to music is used to relieve neuropsychic stress and relaxation in group rooms before going to bed. Be sure to use musical accompaniment during morning exercises, physical education and entertainment, correctional and developmental classes.

Considering the features emotional development children, for the formation of psychological health in preschool children within the health preservation programs It is recommended to use a set of classes for preschool children.

Tasks of the complex of classes:

enrichment of the emotional sphere of the child with positive emotions;
development of friendly relations through the game, communication of children;
correction of emotional difficulties of children (aggressiveness, fears, anxiety, low self-esteem);
the formation of children's ideas about emotional states, the ability to distinguish and understand them;
teaching children ways of expressing emotions, expressive movements;
to improve in children the skills and abilities of practical possession of expressive movements.

The complex of classes is based on a number of principles:

the principle of ensuring the comprehensive harmonious development of the child's personality;
the principle of accessibility and taking into account the age characteristics of children;
the principle of systematicity and consistency;
the principle of visibility;
game principle.

The program consists of nine lessons. Each lesson includes a variety of exercises and games. Goals psychological games- harmonization of the inner world of the individual, the weakening of his psychological stress; development of emotional and communication skills. Game exercises help the child understand his emotional state, manage it, maintain his psychological health and, as a result, achieve success in communicating with the team.

In addition to games and exercises, each lesson includes theoretical material that is devoted to emotions, their types and ways to manage their emotional states.

Lessons (2-7) consist of three parts:

I. Introduction.

Warm up.
Mimic gymnastics (game).

II. Main part.

Emotional sketches.
Conversation. Speech exercises.
Pause is a mobile game.
A story game for the expression of various emotions.

III. Final part.

Removal of psycho-emotional stress.
Self-relaxation training.

The duration of the lessons is 30 minutes.
For the formation of valeological representations in children, it is necessary implementation of the program "Valeology" - "I am a man"(developed by the methodologist of the preschool educational institution Volokhova N.N.). The program is designed for children aged 2 to 7 years, contains a body of knowledge about a person that children of each age period can master.

Purpose of the program: to give children knowledge about their body and the possibilities of maintaining their health, to trace the dynamics of the formation of ideas about a person in all age periods of preschool age.

Tasks:

Formation of the cognitive sphere of the child's personality.
Formation of hygiene skills.
Formation of healthy lifestyle habits.
Development of productive activity.
Differentiation of teaching methods in different age groups.

The program presents logical schemes for the formation of anatomical, physiological and hygienic concepts, takes into account the cognitive capabilities of each age group.

The structure of the program allows you to combine various areas of activity of a preschool institution: the development of speech, the formation of elementary mathematical concepts, art activities, physical education.

The ultimate goal of the work on the program "Valeology" ("I am a man"): the formation of health-saving competence. The program "I am a man" is presented in Appendix No. 15.

The developed and implemented Program for the Preservation and Strengthening of the Health of Preschool Children includes two main areas: diagnosing the state of health and implementing a complex of corrective and health-improving work.

In the process of implementing the health preservation model, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive medical-psychological-pedagogical and valeological support process - this is a special kind of assistance to the child, ensuring its development in the conditions of the educational process.

Regularly study the characteristics of the valeosphere of children, using observation methods, valeometry, questioning parents, and analyzing medical records of preschoolers.

In the course of work, it is necessary to maintain valeological maps of pupils (Appendix No. 16). The valeological map is a form of fixing the state of the child's valeosphere according to the observations of teachers. The map includes expert assessments of teachers on the studied factors of the valeosphere at the beginning and at the end of the academic year.

The study is conducted on the following factors:

health status (transferred from medical records);
physical energy potential (observations of educators and the head of physical culture);
psychomotor (temping test results);
social adaptability (observations of educators and parents);
sociometric status (sociometric test "Birthday");
comprehension ability (testing the cognitive sphere);
assimilation of program material;
volitional skills (observation in various types activities);
self-assessment (method "Ladder");
emotional disposition to the preschool educational institution (observations of educators and parents).

To fix the features of the valeological and physical development of children, it is recommended to maintain health diary(Appendix No. 17)

CONCLUSION

The organization of the life of children in a preschool educational institution provides not only for the implementation of sections of pedagogical work - training, organization of recreation, independent and collective games, various forms of physical activity of children, but also the implementation of purposeful activities in close contact between the educator and the medical worker, which provides conditions for the formation of health preschoolers.

A timely assessment of physical and mental health is necessary both to identify individual characteristics of growth and development, and for subsequent correctional and developmental work. The activities of a preschool institution should include educational and educational and recreational aspects. Along with the preservation of physical health in preschool age, it is necessary to pay attention to the preservation and formation of psychological health, since the basis of psychological health is full-fledged mental development.

In the course of the work, it was revealed that the pedagogical indicators of the health and well-being of preschoolers are the following:

behavior, thoughts and feelings adequate to conditions and events;
socially acceptable ways of self-affirmation and self-expression;
positive emotional background, optimistic mood, ability to emotional experience;
timely physical and mental development;
friendly attitude towards others, full communication.

Ensuring health in preschool age is possible through the implementation of pedagogical support for children. The main tasks of support are: teaching positive relationships and acceptance of other people and teaching reflective skills.

The ongoing system of classes with preschool children has a complex effect on the development of the child.

One of the effective ways to solve the problem of improving the health of children is an individually differentiated approach, taking into account the differences, reactivity and immunological capabilities of a growing organism.

In the course of the work, it was found that only with the integrated and systematic use of non-traditional methods of correction and rehabilitation in all regime moments in preschool educational institutions; a personality-oriented approach to the pedagogical process, with the activation of joint activities of the preschool educational institution and the family on the issues of health and development of the child, as well as the creation of psycho-emotional and physical comfort for children both in the preschool educational institution and at home, will contribute to the preservation and strengthening of the health of preschool children.

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MBOU "Mikhailovskaya secondary school"

structural unit Kindergarten "Violet"

Burlinsky district of the Altai Territory

Wellness program

Senior teacher Tsapkova P.A.

s.Mikhailovka

Program goal: work on the prevention of diseases in children- strengthening the immunity of children, increasing the body's resistance to environmental factors;health work– strengthening the health of children, the use of effective methods and technologies for the improvement of children in conditionspreschool and family.

Legal and regulatory framework: In 2003, the Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated March 21, 2003 113 was issued on the approval of the concept of health care in the Russian Federation, where the role of public health is recognized as a strategic potential, a factor of national security, stability and well-being of societies. It should be noted that a number of legislative acts and policy documents in the field of public health protection have already been adopted in the Russian Federation. These include, in particular:

“Fundamentals of the legislation of the Russian Federation on the protection of the health of citizens”, which determined preventive activity as one of the main areas of healthcare;

The federal law "On the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population", a number of articles of which determines that hygienic education and training of citizens aimed at improving their sanitary culture, preventing diseases and disseminating knowledge about a healthy lifestyle are mandatory;

Federal Law “On Physical Culture and Sports in the Russian Federation”, in which physical culture and sports are considered as one of the means of preventing diseases, promoting health, and maintaining high human performance;

The Federal Law "On the Restriction of Tobacco Smoking", which determined the legal basis for restricting tobacco smoking in order to reduce the incidence of the population;

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation “On approval of the Regulations on social and hygienic monitoring”, aimed at determining the cause-and-effect relationships between the state of public health and the impact of environmental factors and improving the information system in the field of public health protection"

Law of the Russian Federation “On Education of December 29, 2012 No. 273

Law of the Russian Federation “On the Basic Guarantees of the Rights of the Child of the Russian Federation”, No. 124-FZ of July 24, 1998;

"Fundamentals of the legislation of the Russian Federation on the protection of the health of citizens" No. 5487-1 dated 06/22/1993 (as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 12/24/1993 No. 2288; federal laws dated March 2, 1998; No. 30-FZ, dated December 20, 1999 No. 214-FZ, dated December 2, 2000 No. 139-FZ);

Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated August 30, 2013 No. 1014 “On approval of the procedure for organizing and implementing educational activities in the main general educational programs - educational programs of preschool education;

Law of the Russian Federation "On Immunoprophylaxis of Infectious Diseases";

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation "On the All-Russian System for Monitoring the Physical Health of the Population, the Development of Children, Adolescents and Youth" No. 916 29.12. 2001;

Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation "On measures to improve the health of children in the Russian Federation" No. 176/2017 dated May 31, 2002

Order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, the State Committee of the Russian Federation for Physical Culture and Sports, the Russian Academy of Education "On Improving the Process of Physical Education in Educational Institutions of the Russian Federation" No. 2712/227/166/19 dated 16.07.2002 ;

SanPiN 2.4.1.3049-13 "Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the device, content and organization of the working regime in preschool organizations" (approved by the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation dated May 15, 2013 No. 26);

Relevance of the program, analysis of the initial state:

Health is complex concept, including the characteristics of the physical and mental development of a person, the adaptive capabilities of his body, his social activity, which ultimately provide a certain level of mental and physical performance.

Achievement of set goals carried outthrough the followingtasks:

ensuring frequency reductioncases of acuteincidence

improvement of the functions of the leading physiological systems of the child's body

creation of conditions for ensuring the psychological safety of the child's personality

improvementphysical development of children

increase in resistance tofatigue, improved performance

the formation in children of vital motor skills and abilities in various activities

Leading implementation lines program objectives:

ensuring a healthy lifestyle, guaranteeing health based on modern medical, pedagogical and health-saving technologies.

concern for the social welfare of the child.

mental health protection and comprehensive development of the child in activities.

Principles program implementation :

scientific character - reinforcement of all ongoing health promotion activities with evidence-based methods.

continuity and integrity - all work on the improvement of children should be carried out in a complex and systemthe entire educational process.

continuity - the need to maintain links between age categories.

Ways implementations:

introduction of health-saving technologies and methods in the educational process of preschool educational institutions

partnership with parents based on a variable and constructive dialogue

Expected results:

in children:

optimal functioning of the body;

increasing adaptability to adverse environmental factors;

the formation of the foundations of a healthy lifestyle, good habits;

awareness of one's life in a certain society, protection, emotional comfort;

for teachers:

awareness of the need to create such conditions for the development of children that will help them grow up healthy and harmoniously developed;

from parents:

the necessary stock of knowledge that will help in questions - what, how, when and why should be done with the child in order to ensure his health and full development.

Organization of disease prevention and rehabilitation children

a) compiling a list of children in need of rehabilitation;
b) drawing up an individual recovery plan;
c) evaluation of the effectiveness of recreational activities;
d) work with parents.

2. Preventive measures for the improvement of children in preschool educational institutions.

a) strict implementation of the sanitary and hygienic regime;

b) correction of the daily routine and nutrition;

c) hardening in combination with breathing exercises;

d) non-specific prevention of acute respiratory infections and influenza;

e) measures to weaken the adaptive syndrome.

3. Therapeutic measures for the improvement of children (in medical institutions).

a) sanitation of secondary foci of infection;

b) rehabilitation treatment during acute illnesses;

c) anti-relapse treatment (for children with chronic diseases).

1. Health monitoring:

Examination of children by specialists

Examination of children by medical personnel of preschool educational institution

Monitoring the implementation of recreational activities during the month

Monitoring the incidence of children

2. Rational organization of motor activity:

Daily cycles of physical education

Exercise after sleep

3. Hardening system:

Extensive wash

foot washing

mouth rinse

Gymnastics and physical education outdoors in warm weather season,

4. Therapeutic and preventive work:

Balanced diet

The use of phytoncides

Quartzization of premises

Vitaminization of the third course

Taking vitamins

5. Use of non-traditional wellness:

Play massage

Finger gymnastics

Breathing exercises

Aroma prophylaxis

6. Psychohygienic measures:

Relaxation

7. System of work with parents:

Providing health advice to parents

Participation of parents in the physical culture and health work of the preschool educational institution

Wellness activities

I Strict observance of the daily routine :

Development of regime options in the warm and cold seasons

Full daytime sleep

Walk

Decreasethe duration of the educational process

II Strict observance of the sanitary and epidemiological regime :

Wet cleaning of premises

Airing

Quartzization

III Individual approach to children taking into account:

Identified pathology by a pediatrician and other specialist

Individual characteristics of the organism

Influence of factors contributing to frequent diseases

VI Physical Culture :

With elements of breathing exercises

morning exercises

Outdoor activities with elements of outdoor games

V Motor development / Massage:

Play massage

Finger gymnastics

VI Basics of hardening measures :

Appropriate outdoor clothing

Prolonged exposure to fresh air

Air and sunbathing in summer

Gargling

Breathing exercises

VII aromatherapy / Music therapy (during regime moments)

VIIITherapeutic measures:

vitamin therapy

IX Prevention :

flat feet

Posture disorders

visual impairment

Events:

Gymnastics for the eyes

X Introduction of seasonal courses of restorative therapy.

Improving and preventive measures:

1. Prevention of posture disorders, flat feet: walking along the “Health Paths”, exercising on simulators, etc.

2. Breathing exercises, visiting the pool

3. Vitaminization

4. Prevention of colds: taking dibazol, garlic bunches, oxolinic ointment

5. Phytoprophylaxis

6. Hardening: rinsing the mouth, washing hands, feet with cool water, etc.

7. Aromatherapy

8. Play massage

Recreational activities for children who often suffer from acute respiratory diseases

Creating optimalsanitary and hygienic conditions.

Gentle individual mode.

Rational nutrition with food enrichment with vitamins.

Taking vitamins

Physical education in the scope of the program with an individual approach.

The use of elements of respiratory gymnastics during morning exercises, physical education, physical exercises after daytime sleep.

Mandatory inclusion of physical exerciseswith the pronunciation of sounds and syllables on exhalation and inhalation, breathing through the nose - inhalation and exhalation, etc.

Hardening - ensuring a rational combination of air temperature and clothingchild, sufficient exposure of children to the air, rational organization of sleep.

Hardening requirements:

Accounting for the individual characteristics of the child

Positive reactions of the child to hardening

Continuity hardening

Observationmedical staff for feedback, constant consultations with a pediatrician

Parental Consent

Main directions activities of employees of the preschool educational institution to preserve the health of children:

Rational organization of internalspace in accordance with the requirements of SanPiNov.

Creation of conditions for the organization of physical activity of pupils, which includes physical education classes provided for by the program, active breaks in the daily routine, as well as physical culture and health work.

Organization of rational nutrition and vitaminization of pupils.

A differentiated approach to children in accordance with their individual characteristics, health.

The system of work on the formation of a healthy lifestyle, the education of the need for constant physical self-improvement.

The organization of work on the formation of children's ideas and skills of a healthy lifestyle is based on the pedagogy of cooperation

teachers

Program learning, innovation

Planning for work with children

Equipment of the subject-developing environment

Family

Questionnaire

parent meetings

Consultations

Collaboration

Areas of work with children on disease prevention

Rational organization of motor activity:

Dailycycles of physical education

Exercise after sleep

Mandatory daily walks

Independent physical activity of children

Compulsory morning exercises

Hardening system:

Extensive wash

Walking the "paths of health"

foot washing

mouth rinse

Air baths in lightweight clothing

Gymnasticsand physical education outdoors during the warm season,

Swimming pool visit

Preventive work:

Permanent posture control

Selection of furniture in accordance with growth

Quartzization of premises

Taking vitamins

The use of non-traditional wellness:

Play massage

Finger gymnastics

Breathing exercises

Walking the paths of health

Aroma prophylaxis

Psychohygienic measures:

Relaxation

Elements of music therapy (music accompanies regime moments)

Ensuring a favorable psychological climate in the preschool educational institution

System of work with parents:

Providing advice to parentson health issues

Open demonstrations of classes using healing technologies

Participation of parents in the physical culture and health work of the preschool educational institution

To implement the program in kindergarten, the following conditions are met:

Medical office, which is equipped with the necessary medical equipment

Nurse

Gym, which is equipped with the necessary equipment: soft modules (tunnels, obstacle course, slides), a dry pool, gymnastic benches, sports mats; gymnastic walls, ribbed boards, balls, hoops, and other necessary equipment. The quantity and quality of sports equipment and equipment helps to ensure high motor density of physical education classes.

Library of methodological literature for the organization of effective physical activity of children, the development of the main types of movements

In each age group there are sports corners where children are engaged both independently and under the supervision of teachers.

A physical education instructor works at the preschool educational institution.

Strengthening the health of children should become a value priority for all educational and educational work of preschool educational institutions: not only in terms of physical education, but also training in general, organization of the regimen, treatment and preventive work, individual work on correction, a personality-oriented approach when working with children, armament parents with the basics of psychological and pedagogical knowledge, their valeological education. A feature of the organization and content of the educational process should be a valeological approach aimed at educating a preschooler's need for a healthy lifestyle.

New approaches to the prevention of emotional well-being :

Teaching children relaxation techniques;

Development and introduction into the educational process of a cycle of psychologist classes with children aged 5-7 years, aimed at developing the skills of preschoolers to provide psychological assistance and self-help in various life situations.

The need to teach children relaxation techniques is due to the fact that most children are characterized by an imbalance between the processes of excitation and inhibition, increased emotionality, and motor restlessness. Any, even minor stressful situations overload their weak nervous system. Muscular and emotional looseness is an important condition for the formation of natural speech and proper body movements. Children should be made to feel that muscular tension can be replaced by pleasant relaxation and calmness at their will. It has been found that emotional arousal is weakened if the muscles are sufficiently relaxed. At the same time, the level of wakefulness of the brain also decreases, and the person becomes the most suggestible. When children learn to freely relax their muscles, then you can move on to verbal influence (suggestion). It is important to know that the relaxation method, according to experts, is physiologically safe and does not give negative consequences.

The relevance of the problem of preventing various diseases is determined by the high incidence of preschool children, the negative impact of repeated cases on their health status, the formation of recurrent and chronic pathology.

As a result of the implementation of the health program in our kindergarten, the incidence decreased by 19%

Action Plan

Organization of health program participants

Training "Let's meet"

tea party

Drawing test "Health and disease",

Interview on the topic: "What do I need to feel

healthy"

Consultation for parents "The role of father and mother in raising a child

Provide practical training for parents on raising a physically and mentally healthy child

November

"What is health"

Questions: what does health mean? How to keep healthy?

Round table: "Problems of physical education in the family"

Interview on the topic: "How do you strengthen your health."

(answers of children and parents)

Consultation on the topic: "Good posture"

Fun starts

(shared with parents)

A set of exercises "Correct posture"

December

Traditional and unconventional methods hardening

Complex of dance-rhythmic gymnastics

Exchange of experience in morning exercises at home

Sports entertainment "Jungle is calling"

January

Consultation "Education of independence in a child"

Conversation with parents "Psychological health of the child and television"

Collective spontaneous drawing "Magic colors"

Complex of sports exercises

February

"Flat feet" - how to identify it.

Consultation: "Flat feet and its prevention"

Learning sets of exercises for the prevention and correction of flat feet with and without objects.

Production of mats for the prevention of flat feet. Exhibition of non-traditional equipment.

Master class: "Exercises for the prevention of flat feet",

Removal of footprints in children, walking on massage mats.

March

Discussion: What is being healthy?

tea party

Create a health path with your parents

Drawing test "Healthy family"

Entertainment: "Journey to the country of Sportlandia"

April

Consultation: "The game in the life of a child"

Mini essay "Ideal parent"

The exercise. Continue the phrase: “My child….”

Outdoor Games Fair

May

“To be in motion means to improve health” - consultation.

Our children, what are they? How have things changed since the beginning of the year?

"A kaleidoscope of fabulous images"

What fairy tales teach children to improve their health?

Drawing competition "Magic hands"

Working with mom.

(set of exercises)

Summing up the work of the club "Healthy Family"

Literature:

Law "On Education in the Russian Federation" dated December 29, 2012 No. No. 273-FZ.- M.: TC Sphere, 2013

“Healthy preschooler health technologies of the 21st century. "Arkti" M, 2001, - Antonov Yu.E.

"How to raise a healthy child" 1993, Alyamovskaya V.G.

Prevention of psycho-emotional stress in children by means of physical education, 1993, Alyamovskaya V.G.

Khutorskoy A.V. Key competencies and educational standards // Eidos Internet magazine, 2002. Internet resource:http: // www. eidos. en/ gournal /2002 /0423. htm

Mityaeva A.M. Health-saving pedagogical technologies. – M.: Academy, 2011.

Parishioners A.M. Forms and masks of anxiety. Influence of anxiety on activity and personality development // Anxiety and anxiety / ed. V.M. Astapova. - SPb., 2001.

"Hardening of preschool children" "Medicine" 1988, Holidays V.P.

http://www.shkolnymir.info/. O. A. Sokolova. Health-saving educational technologies.

"Physical education is joy" St. Petersburg "Childhood-Press" 2000 Sivacheva L.N.

"Raising a healthy child" "Arkti" 2000, Manakheeva M.D.

"Hardening of the child's body" 1962 Bykova A.I.

"Methodology of Physical Education of Preschool Children" M, 1999, Kudryavtsev V.T.

GBOU secondary school No. 587 TO No. 2

Moscow city

Accepted by the Board of Education

GBOU secondary school No. 587 TO No. 2

Protocol No. 1 dated 29.08.13.

"I approve" ________________

RSP №2

E. V. Bulankina

When developing the Health program, we sought to ensure that the system of health-improving work with children that we developed, including innovative forms and methods, would organically enter into life. kindergarten and, most importantly, the kids would love it.

The program defines the main directions for the improvement of children in preschool educational institutions, tasks, as well as ways to implement them.

Relevance of the program

Health is a complex concept that includes the characteristics of a person’s physical and mental development, the adaptive capabilities of his body, his social activity, which ultimately provide a certain level of mental and physical performance.

In modern conditions of development of our society, there is a sharp deterioration in the health of children, and therefore the improvement of children is one of the priorities facing society.

Today, there are very few healthy children at preschool age. In recent years, the health of children has progressively worsened. Birth healthy child has become a rarity, the number of premature babies, the number of congenital anomalies, the number of children with speech disorders is growing.

There are many reasons for the growth of pathology. These are bad ecology and unbalanced nutrition, decreased motor activity, informational and neuropsychic overload.

The possibility of a constant search for ways to improve the health of children, the formation of the foundations of a healthy lifestyle for them, the diversified development of motor abilities convinces us that the health-improving effect of physical education, natural factors of nature on the child's body has not been fully realized in preschool educational institutions so far. Therefore, the search for new means of preserving and strengthening the health of children is relevant.

As a result, the kindergarten developed the "Health" program and its annexes - methodological recommendations for the physical development and health improvement of children in a preschool institution. The Health program takes a comprehensive approach to solving the problem of preserving, strengthening and correcting the health of children.

To implement the program in kindergarten, the following conditions are met:

Two medical rooms, two isolation rooms, which are equipped with medical equipment

experienced nurse

a gym equipped with the necessary equipment: gymnastic benches, sports mats; gymnastic walls, balls, hoops, ropes and other necessary equipment. The quantity and quality of sports equipment and equipment helps to ensure high motor density of physical education classes.

in each age group there are sports corners where children are engaged both independently and under the supervision of teachers

narrow specialists of a narrow focus work in the preschool educational institution: speech therapists, physical instructor. education

equipped with offices of teachers - speech therapists, for group and individual correctional work with children

Program concept

The health of preschool children is socially conditioned and depends on such factors as the state of the environment, the health of parents and heredity, the living conditions and upbringing of the child in the family, in an educational institution. Significant factors shaping the health of children is the system of education and training, including physical education, mental health, and the organization of medical care. It is necessary to begin to form health in childhood, when the experience of recovery is most firmly established, when the natural curiosity of the child, the desire to learn everything and try everything, age-related physical activity and optimism are the stimulus.

Strengthening the health of children should become a value priority for all educational and educational work of preschool educational institutions: not only in terms of physical education, but also training in general, organization of the regimen, treatment and preventive work, individual work on correction, a personality-oriented approach when working with children, armament parents the basics of psychological and pedagogical knowledge, their education.feature organization and content of the educational process should be an integrated approach aimed at educating a preschooler's need for a healthy lifestyle.

The main principles of the program:

1. Scientific principle- Reinforcement of all necessary activities aimed at improving health, evidence-based and practically tested methods.

2. The principle of activity and consciousness– participation of teachers and parents in the search for new effective methods and purposeful activities to improve themselves and children.

3. The principle of complexity and integration- the solution of health problems in the system of the entire educational process and all types of activities.

Program goal:

Preservation and strengthening of physical and mental health of children, improvement of their physical development.

Main directions Health programs are:

Material and technical equipment of the health-improving process in the preschool educational institution.

Educational direction.

Therapeutic and preventive direction.

Monitoring the implementation of the program.

Tasks and ways of implementing health-improving work in each of the areas of the program:

I. Material and technical equipment of the health-improving process in the preschool educational institution.

Task: Improving the health-saving environment in preschool educational institutions .

Ways of implementation:

a) updating the material and technical base:

purchase of tables and chairs for groups according to the height of the children

purchase of a bactericidal lamp for the pool

replenish the sports equipment of the gym with balls of different sizes, hoops, massage balls, dumbbells, rubber mats for the pool

b) transformation of the subject environment:

improve the sports ground.

equip sports ground: "obstacle course" for the development of endurance, a gymnastic wall, various small forms for organizing the physical activity of children in the fresh air

restore privacy zones (to relieve emotional stress) in each age group

II. Educational direction

1 task: Organization rational motor activity of children

Caring for the health of children in our preschool educational institution consists of creating conditions conducive to the favorable development of the body. The most controllable factor of the external environment is the motor load, the influence of which, within the limits of optimal values, can have a targeted effect on recovery. Motor activity is a natural need for movement, the satisfaction of which is the most important condition for the comprehensive development and upbringing of the child. Active motor activity promotes:

increasing the body's resistance to the effects of pathogenic microorganisms and adverse environmental factors

improving the reactions of thermoregulation of the body, ensuring its resistance to colds

increase physical performance

normalization of the activity of individual organs and functional systems, as well as the possible correction of congenital or acquired defects in physical development

increase the tone of the cerebral cortex and create positive emotions that contribute to the protection and strengthening of mental health

Basic principles of organizing motor activity in kindergarten:

Physical activity should be adequate to the age, sex of the child, the level of his physical development, biological maturity and health.

Motor activity must be combined with public hardening procedures.

Mandatory inclusion in the complex of physical education of elements of respiratory gymnastics.

Medical control over physical education and operational medical correction of identified health disorders.

Carrying out physical education activities, taking into account medical restrictions and the timing of medical withdrawals.

Inclusion in gymnastics and classes of elements of corrective gymnastics for the prevention of flat feet and curvature of posture.

Forms of organization of motor activity in preschool educational institutions:

physical activities in the hall and on the sports ground

morning exercises

physical education minutes

sports activities, holidays, “Health Days”

swimming pool

Ways to implement rational motor activity of children:

implementation of the mode of motor activity by all teachers of the preschool educational institution (see Appendix No. 1)

the predominance of cyclic exercises in physical education classes for training and improving overall endurance as the most valuable health-improving quality

the use of games, exercises of a competitive nature in physical education and swimming classes

Task 2: Raising a culture of health in children, equipping them with knowledge, skills and abilities to form the habit of a healthy lifestyle

The need for physical culture education is emphasized by studies confirming that human health depends only 7–8% on the success of health care and more than 60% on his lifestyle. In this regard, it is important to educate a culture of health already in preschool childhood. The formation of human culture is primarily due to the process of education, pedagogical interaction between an adult and a child, a wide range of pedagogical tools and techniques.

The physical culture of a preschooler's health consists of three components:

conscious attitude to human health and life;

knowledge about health and the ability to protect, maintain and preserve it;

competence that allows a preschooler to independently and effectively solve the problems of a healthy lifestyle and safe behavior, tasks related to the provision of elementary medical care.

To implement this task, it is planned to continue purposeful work on the education of a culture of health, the formation of habits for a healthy lifestyle through such forms of work with children as:

regime moments

physical education classes

hardening procedures after daytime sleep

organization and holding of Health Days (1 time per quarter)

such forms of work with parents as:

thematic parent meetings

joint parent-child events (sports holidays, entertainment, etc.)

consultations of specialists - a pediatrician, teachers, etc. (individual, group, poster, on the website of the preschool educational institution)

Task 3: Mental development of children and prevention of their emotional well-being.

The mental health of children is determined by their full-fledged mental development, which, in turn, involves the development of basic mental processes of preschoolers - perception, attention, memory, imagination, thinking (analysis, synthesis, generalization, classification), speech. This task is solved through the implementation of the educational program of the preschool educational institution:

Frontal classes with children on basic and correctional programs, in the structure and content of which much attention is paid to the development of speech, thinking, and imagination of children;

Creation of a full-fledged subject-developing environment in groups;

Organization of children's play activities;

Individual correctional work with children of speech therapists.

The most important component in the system of work on the mental development of children is development of children's graphomotor skills.

The statistics of annual surveys show that about 70% of children who entered school from the age of 7, the subject that caused the greatest difficulties, is the letter. Among the children who came to school from the age of 6, there are 87.5% of them.

"Cons" of the traditional system:

In drawing classes, due to the constant allocation of the leading hand, the activity of the non-leading hand decreases, which is not entirely correct.

Long-term performance of exercises in prescriptions (especially with children under 5 years old) leads to rapid fatigue of the child, refusal of activity and other negative reactions due to insufficient development of nerve centers for regulating movements, as well as small muscles of the hand (“writing spasm”).

At present, “typographic” methods of developing children have become widespread, that is, teachers often use books, sets of plot pictures to stimulate the development of speech, thinking, but back in the 60s of the last century, it was scientifically proven that children more fully perceive voluminous objects, than their image in the picture.

Purposeful work to prepare a child for school is carried out mainly in specially organized classes, close in structure and content (and sometimes duration) to a school lesson. But after all, the leading type of activity in preschool age is the GAME, and the source of the emergence of the game is the objective action (D.B. Elkonin, 1999). That is why, in the preschool period of a child's development, preparation for schooling should be carried out indirectly, primarily through game activities.

Thus, the use of traditional techniques in preparing preschoolers to master the graphics of writing is not effective enough.

Novelty of approach:

Modern research shows that in order for a child to successfully master writing graphics, it is necessary to develop in him:

coordination of hand movements;

spatial representations;

sense of rhythm;

musculoskeletal apparatus of the hands.

This requires a certain functional maturity of the cerebral cortex. Important here is the formation of the interaction of the hemispheres of the brain. Therefore, along with the traditional methods of developing graphomotor skills, teachers need to use kinesiological exercises aimed at developing interhemispheric interaction (see Appendix No. 2).

Prevention of the emotional well-being of children Our DOE is carried out in two main directions:

ensuring a more favorable course of the period of adaptation of newly arrived children,

creating a favorable emotional environment in each children's team.

A more favorable course of the period of adaptation of newly arrived children is ensured through a set of psychological and pedagogical measures:

Questioning of parents in order to study the individual characteristics of each child;

Maintenance by educators of adaptation sheets of observations for each child;

Flexible schedule for the sequential introduction of newly arrived children into the group;

Gradual increase in the time spent by children in the group;

The use of special pedagogical techniques (acquainting the child with life in kindergarten, organizing the photo exhibition "My Family", introducing children's favorite home toys into the group object environment, etc.);

Creation of emotional comfort when laying children for daytime sleep;

Psychological and pedagogical education of parents (group, individual and poster consultations)

Creating a favorable emotional environment in each children's team is ensured through the use of forms of work, as well as the use of psychological and pedagogical methods and techniques aimed at preventing unwanted affective manifestations in children:

diagnosing the emotional well-being of children through observation, analysis productive species activities of children, the use of projective techniques;

ensuring a calm environment in the group room (avoid excessively loud speech, respond quickly to conflict situations between children);

mobile, role-playing games, dramatization;

providing conditions for a full-fledged daytime sleep (ventilation mode, creating a calm environment, observing the “rituals” of preparing for sleep);

organization of "corners of psychological relief" (zones of solitude for children) in groups;

creating a situation of success for each child in the classroom and in free activities;

formation of a culture of communication between children;

carrying out leisure activities, entertainment, holidays (including joint ones based on age parallels, with parents), etc.;

rational use of "music therapy" (used, if necessary, in the classroom, when performing relaxation exercises, when putting children to sleep and waking them up, etc.).

III. Therapeutic and preventive direction

Task: Improving the system of preventive and health-improving work.

Preventive and health-improving work in our preschool educational institution should be directed primarily to the implementation of the rules of SanPiN. Much attention should be paid to preventive measures:

carry out ventilation of the premises, in accordance with the schedule;

twice a day to carry out wet cleaning of group rooms;

do not clutter up group and sleeping rooms with furniture, carpets;

to ensure natural lighting of the premises, the curtains on the windows should be shortened;

2 times a year it is necessary to carry out drying, freezing of bedding (mattresses, pillows, blankets);

2 times a year to clean carpets (in summer - washing, in winter - snow cleaning);

correctly select and arrange indoor plants;

timely (before flowering) to mow lawns and plots;

observe the rules for the use and storage of detergents;

During quarantine measures, we strictly adhere to the sanitary and epidemiological regime.

Preventive health work with children in preschool educational institutions is carried out:

1) specific immunoprophylaxis . Its purpose is to strengthen or weaken the formation of immunity to the causative agent of a particular disease. Immunity over the past century has clearly declined. This is evidenced by the increase in chronic inflammatory diseases. Vaccination has become the leading method of combating infectious diseases. Active prophylactic vaccination of children should be carried out at certain periods of life and be aimed at developing general specific immunity.

2) nonspecific immunoprophylaxis. There are many methods of non-specific disease prevention, since they are a combination of methods for stimulating the hidden reserves of the body's defenses, their improvement, flexibility, and versatility. The means of increasing the nonspecific resistance of the organism include:

tempering activities

non-traditional methods - breathing exercises, massage and self-massage

prevention of postural disorders, scoliosis and flat feet, myopia

hardening activities

One of the main directions of children's health improvement is the use of a complex of hardening measures.

Hardening is an active process, representing a set of methods for stimulating the hidden reserves of the body's defenses, their improvement, flexibility, and versatility. The hardening effect is achieved by systematic, repeated exposure to one or another hardening factor and a gradual increase in its dosage.

It is necessary to implement a unified approach to health-improving work with children on the part of all preschool staff and parents.

The leading science-based methods of effective hardening in our preschool educational institution are:

New, non-traditional methods of immunoprophylaxis

These include breathing exercises, exercises for the prevention of myopia, flat feet and posture disorders, self-massage. These methods must be introduced into the system of recreational activities.

Breathing exercises: One of the most important goals of organizing proper breathing in children is the formation of the basic components of voluntary self-regulation in them. After all, the rhythm of breathing is the only one of all bodily rhythms that is subject to spontaneous, conscious and active regulation by a person. Training makes deep slow breathing easy and natural, involuntary.

At the beginning of the course of classes, it is necessary to pay great attention to the development of proper breathing, which optimizes gas exchange and blood circulation, ventilation of all parts of the lungs, massage of the abdominal organs; contributes to overall health and well-being. Proper breathing calms and promotes concentration.

Breathing exercises should always precede self-massage and other tasks. The main one is full breathing, i.e. combination of thoracic and abdominal breathing; it must be performed first lying down, then sitting, and finally standing. Until the child learns to breathe correctly, it is recommended to put one of his hands on his chest, the other on his stomach (fix them on top with the hands of an adult - a psychologist, teacher, parents) to control the completeness of respiratory movements.

After performing breathing exercises, you can start self-massage and other exercises that help increase the mental activity of the child, increase his energy and adaptive potential.

For a set of breathing exercises, see Appendix No. 3

Self massage: The mechanism of action of massage is that the excitation of receptors leads to various functional changes in internal organs and systems. Massage in the area of application has a mechanical effect on tissues, which results in the movement of tissue fluids (blood, lymph), stretching and displacement of tissues, and activation of skin respiration.

A set of exercises for self-massage, see Appendix No. 4

A reasonable daily routine, physical activity, proper nutrition, special exercises for the eyes - all this should take an important place in the complex of measures for the prevention of myopia and its progression, since physical culture contributes both to the general strengthening of the body and the activation of its functions, and to the increase in the efficiency of the eye. muscles and strengthening the sclera of the eyes.

A set of exercises for the prevention of myopia, see Appendix No. 5

Formation of correct posture. Prevention of flat feet.

At preschool age, the child's posture is only being formed, and any violation of the conditions of this formation leads to pathological changes. The skeleton of a preschooler has only the features of a musculoskeletal system. Its development has not yet been completed, in many respects it consists of cartilaginous tissue. This causes further growth and at the same time comparative softness, suppleness of the bones, which threatens with a violation of posture with an incorrect body position, burdening with weight, etc. The wrong posture is of particular danger for sedentary children, who keep the body in a vertical position, do not receive proper development from them.

Posture depends on the general condition of the skeleton, the articular-ligamentous apparatus, the degree of development of the muscular system.

The most effective method of preventing pathological posture is proper physical education child. It should start from the first year of life. This is very important, since posture is formed from a very early age. As the baby grows, new means of physical education are gradually included. By the age of 7, in a healthy preschooler, the spine, as a rule, acquires a normal shape and, accordingly, the correct posture is developed.

Often, flat feet are one of the causes of poor posture. With flat feet, accompanied by compaction of the arch of the feet, the support function of the legs decreases sharply, the position of the pelvis changes, and it becomes difficult to walk.

The main cause of flat feet is the weakness of the muscles and ligaments involved in maintaining the arch.

Prevention is based on, firstly, strengthening the muscles that preserve the arch, secondly, wearing rational shoes and, thirdly, limiting the load on the lower limbs.

The main means of preventing flat feet is special gymnastics aimed at strengthening the muscular-ligamentous apparatus of the feet and lower leg. Such types of movement and running not only have a good effect on the entire body, but also serve as an effective means of preventing the formation of flat feet. Walking on the toes and outer edges of the foot is especially useful.

For literature with sets of exercises for the prevention of flat feet and posture disorders, see Appendix No. 6

For a group of frequently ill children in the preschool educational institution, an annual plan for recovery and hardening is drawn up. An annual assessment of the effectiveness of the rehabilitation of this group is carried out.

Liaising with clinicians.

In order to preserve and improve the health of children in the preschool educational institution, constant communication is maintained with doctors of a narrow specialization of the polyclinic. According to the results of monitoring, according to the appointment of the local pediatrician and doctors of narrow specialization, health-improving, preventive and therapeutic measures are planned and implemented.

Expected results of the program "Health":

decrease in the incidence rate;

consolidation of health measures in the form of a stable psychomatic state;

increasing the level of physical fitness of children;

Monitoring the implementation of the Health program

Parameters

monitoring

Criteria

Means, forms of diagnostics

Timing of monitoring studies

Responsible

1. The state of health of pupils

Attendance, morbidity of children

Children's health groups

Chronic diseases of children

Pinier index (indicator of proportionality of physical development)

Notebook of attendance and morbidity

Journal of preventive examinations

Table of distribution of children by health groups

In-depth medical examination: form No. 26-U

Anthropometry

Daily

October, April

March, April

October, April

nurse

Pediatrician

Doctor, .m/s

Nurse

2. Physical fitness

The level of development of motor qualities

Express - analysis according to Safonova

September,

May

Physical Education Instructor

3. Formation of graphic activity and fine motor skills in preschoolers

Formation of hand-eye coordination

The quality of the execution of graphic tasks (manual skill)

Methods for determining the formation of hand-eye coordination

September

January

May

educators

4. Emotional

well-being

children in the nursery

garden

The level of adaptation of children of the 1st junior group to the conditions of the preschool educational institution.

The attitude of children to kindergarten

Adaptation sheet

Parent survey

Aug. Sept

During a year

educators

1 ml groups

educators

Activity grid

for kindergarten

№ p/p

Kinds

activities

1 junior

2 youngest

average

older

Prep.

Motor density

day

evening

day

evening

day

evening

day

Vech.

day

Vech.

Morning reception, games

morning exercises

75%

Games before and

between

classes

Physics, games with movements

100%

Physical lessons. cult.

90-100%

Swimming

100%

Outdoor games on the go

100

95%

Indian work on the development of movements

100%

Self-motor. activity on a walk

300

hardened. Procedures

Sport section

100%

Approximate time

2 hours 15

min.

2 hours

min.

2h. 40

min.

Zch.

min.

Zch.

min.

Physical education instructor ________________________________

Sidorkina L.I.

Functional responsibilities of employees of preschool educational institutions in the framework of the program "Health"

Head of DOE:

general guidance for the implementation of the program

analysis of the program implementation - 2 times a year

control over compliance with the protection of life and health of children

Senior teacher:

monitoring (together with the teaching staff)

control over the implementation of the program

Pediatrician:

examination of children, detection of pathology;

determining the assessment of the effectiveness of rehabilitation, indicators of physical development

Physical education instructor:

determination of indicators of motor fitness of children

prevention of deviations of physical development

inclusion in physical education:

exercises for the prevention of posture disorders, flat feet
breathing exercises

hardening measures (according to the scheme, Appendix No. 7)

lightweight kids clothes

organization of sports events, entertainment, Health Days

Teachers:

introduction of health-saving technologies

promotion of healthy lifestyles

recreational activities with children:

hardening
breathing exercises
kinesiology exercises
self-massage
exercises for the prevention of flat feet and posture disorders

promotion of health improvement methods in a team of children

Nurse:

promotion of healthy lifestyles

specific immunoprophylaxis (vaccination)

implementation of health-improving and preventive work according to the annual plan

Deputy Head of ACH:

creation of material and technical conditions

control over the fulfillment by junior service personnel of sanitary and hygienic conditions during the implementation of the program

creation of conditions for the prevention of injuries in preschool educational institutions

maintenance of life safety

Cook:

organization of rational nutrition for children

monitoring compliance with food preparation technologies

control over compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards in the catering department

Junior service personnel:

compliance with the sanitary regime

assistance to teachers in organizing the educational process, sports and recreational activities

Appendix 2

KINESIOLOGICAL EXERCISES

"Fist-rib-palm." The child is shown three positions of the hand on the plane of the table, successively replacing each other: a palm on the plane, clenched into a fist, a palm with an edge on the plane of the table, a straightened palm on the plane of the table. The child performs the test together with an adult, then independently 8-10 times. The test is performed first with the right hand, then with the left, then with both hands together. If there are difficulties in performing the exercise, you can offer the child to help himself with commands (“fist” - “rib” - “palm”), spoken aloud or to himself.

"Lezginka". The child folds his left hand into a fist, puts his thumb aside, turns the fist with his fingers towards himself. With the right hand, with a straight palm in a horizontal position, touches the little finger of the left. After that, he simultaneously changes the position of the right and left hands for 6-8 position changes. It is necessary to achieve a high speed of change of positions.

"Ear-nose". Grasp the tip of the nose with your left hand, and the opposite ear with your right hand. Simultaneously release the ear and nose, clap your hands, change the position of the hands "exactly the opposite."

"Castle". Cross your arms with your palms facing each other, interlock your fingers, twist your arms towards you. Move the finger indicated by the presenter. Consistently, all fingers of both hands should participate in the exercise. in the future, children can perform the exercise in pairs.

"Mill" Performed standing. Invite the children to make simultaneous circular movements of the arm and leg. First left hand and left foot, right hand and right foot, left hand and right foot, right hand and left foot. First, the rotation is performed forward, then backward, then the arm forward, and the foot back. Perform so that the arm and opposite leg move simultaneously with the rotation of the eyes to the right, left, up, down.

"Mirror Drawing" Put a blank sheet of paper on the table. Take a pencil or marker in both hands. Start drawing with both hands at the same time mirror-symmetrical drawings, letters. As you do this exercise, feel your eyes and hands relax. When the activity of both hemispheres is synchronized, the efficiency of the entire brain increases markedly.

"Rotation". Rotate the pencil first between the fingers of the right hand, then the left (between the thumb and index; index and middle; middle and ring; ring and little fingers; then in reverse side). First, the exercise is performed with one hand, then simultaneously with both.

"Arms-legs". Jumping in place with simultaneous movements of arms and legs.

Feet together - hands apart.

legs apart - hands together.

feet together, hands together.

legs apart - arms apart.

Application No. 3

A set of breathing exercises

Teaching four-phase breathing exercises is universal, containing more equal time stages: "inhale-hold - exhale-hold". Initially, each of them can be 2 - 3 seconds. with a gradual increase up to 7 sec. As already noted, at first it is necessary for the psychologist to fix the hands of the child, which greatly facilitates training. The psychologist should also count out the indicated time intervals with a gradual transition to the independent exercise by the child. Proper breathing is slow, deep, diaphragmatic breathing, in which the lungs are filled from the lowest to the highest, consisting of the following four stages:

1st - inhale: relax the abdominal muscles, start inhaling, lower the diaphragm down, pushing the stomach forward; fill the middle part of the lungs, expanding the chest with the help of the intercostal muscles; lift the sternum and collarbones, fill the tops of the lungs with air.

2nd - pause.

3rd - exhale: lift the diaphragm up and draw in the stomach; lower the ribs using a group of intercostal muscles; lower the sternum and collarbones, releasing air from the tops of the lungs.

4th - pause.

It is best to start practicing breathing exercises from the exhalation stage, after which, after waiting for a natural pause and waiting for the moment when the desire to inhale appears, take a pleasant, deep, stress-free breath through your mouth or nose. You need to carefully monitor that the diaphragm moves and the shoulders remain calm. When performing the exercise in a sitting or standing position, do not lean forward. All exercises are performed 3-5 times.

1. Exhale completely, take in air slowly through the nose, making sure that the anterior abdominal wall protrudes more and more forward (take in air freely, without straining). In this case, the diaphragm flattens, increasing the volume of the lungs, the chest expands. For 2 - 5sec. hold the air, then start exhaling through the mouth with pulling up the abdominal wall; at the end of the exhalation, the chest descends. Inhale and exhale smoothly, avoiding shocks.

2. Put your right hand on the area of movement of the diaphragm. Exhale and, when the desire to inhale appears, with your mouth closed, take a deep, stress-free breath in through your nose. Then pause (hold the chest in an expanded state). Make a full exhalation, slowly and smoothly releasing air through the nose. Pause.

3. After exhaling, start breathing through the nose, making sure that the diaphragm, lower ribs and abdominal muscles work correctly, and that the shoulders are calm. After a pause, start a gradual, smooth exhalation through a narrow hole formed by the lips. In this case, there should be a feeling that the air stream is a continuation of the air stream coming from the diaphragm. You need to keep track of that. so that there is no tension in the upper chest and neck. When you feel tension, relax, slowly shake your head to the right and left, back and forth, in a circle.

4. "Ball". Improving the efficiency of breathing exercises is achieved through the use of figurative representation, the connection of imagination, which is so well developed in children. For example, an image of a yellow or orange warm ball located in the abdomen (inflating and deflating in the rhythm of breathing) is possible. The child is also invited to vocalize on the exhale, humming individual sounds (a, o, y, u, x) and their combinations (z turns into s, o - into y, sh - into g c, x, etc.).

5. "Wind". On a slow exhalation with a finger or with the whole palm, interrupt the air stream so that you get the sound of the wind, the cry of an Indian, the whistle of a bird.

6. Sit or stand up straight. Take a slow breath in through the nose and slowly exhale through the narrow hole formed by the lips onto the candle (feather, balloon) that is in front of the child. Do not pull your head forward. The flame should deviate smoothly along the air jet, then move the candle a little and repeat the exercise; further increase the distance, etc. Pay attention to the child that when the candle is removed, the abdominal muscles will become more and more tense.

After the child has mastered these skills, you can move on to exercises in which breathing is consistent with movement. They are performed in the phase of inhalation and exhalation, during pauses the pose is held.

7. Starting position (ip) - lying on your back. According to the instructions, the child slowly raises one arm (right, left), leg (left, right), then two limbs simultaneously while inhaling and holds it in a raised position during a pause; slowly lowers on exhalation; relaxes during the break. After that U. is performed lying on the stomach.

8. I.p. - sit on the floor, legs crossed, back straight (!). Raise your arms up above your head with an inhalation and lower them down to the floor in front of you with an exhalation, bending slightly at the same time. This exercise is good because it automatically makes the child breathe correctly, he simply has no other option.

9. I. p. the same, or kneel and sit on your heels, legs together. Straight arms are spread out to the sides parallel to the floor. The hands are clenched into fists, except for the thumbs extended outward. With an inhale, turn your hands with your thumbs up; with exhalation - down. Option: the arms are extended forward, and the thumbs turn in time with the breath to the left and right.

10. I.p. Same. Straight arms are extended forward or to the sides at shoulder level, palms look down. With inhalation, raise the left hand up, while lowering the right hand down (movement only in the wrist joint). With an exhalation, the left hand goes down, the right hand goes up.

11. I. p. the same. Breathing: only through the left, and then only through the right nostril. In this case, the right nostril is closed with the thumb of the right hand, and the left - with the little finger of the right hand. Breathing is slow, deep. According to experts in the field of oriental health practices, in the first case, the work of the right hemisphere of the brain is activated, which contributes to calm and relaxation. Breathing through the right nostril activates the work of the left hemisphere of the brain, increasing the rational (cognitive) potential.

12. I. p. - stand up, feet shoulder-width apart, arms down, palms facing forward. On a quick inhalation, the hands are attracted to the armpits with the palms up. On a slow exhalation, they fall along the body with the palms down. This type of breathing has a powerful mobilizing effect, quickly relieves psycho-emotional stress.

13. I.p. Same. On a slow inhalation, the arms are smoothly spread apart and rise up (or to the sides and to the chest) - an “attractive movement”. On exhalation - "repulsive movement" - they fall along the body with palms down. This exercise is in harmony with the idea of drawing in sunlight and heat, spreading it from top to bottom throughout the body.

14. I. p. - stand up, legs together, arms down. While inhaling, slowly raise relaxed arms up, gradually “stretching” the whole body (do not lift your heels off the floor); hold the breath. As you exhale, gradually relaxing the body, lower your arms and bend at the waist; hold the breath. Return to i. P.

15. I. p. - stand up, feet shoulder-width apart, hands clenched into fists, thumbs inside the palms, fists pressed to the lower abdomen. On a slow breath, raise your fists above your shoulders, keeping your elbows slightly bent, bend in your back, spreading your shoulders and throwing your head back; stretch up, straightening your arms and rising on your toes (imagine that you just woke up and stretch sweetly). Fix this position, hold your breath On exhalation, hands down, trying to "get" your fingers to the floor.

16. The child puts one hand on the chest or stomach and focuses on how the arm rises on inhalation, and lowers on exhalation. Then, in time with breathing with the other hand, he shows how he breathes (on inspiration, the hand rises to chest level, and on exhalation, it falls). Next, the child should smoothly and slowly raise and lower his hand or both hands simultaneously to the beat of breathing, but already at a certain count (by 8, by 12).

In the process of subsequent correction, worked out and fixed (automated) breathing exercises are combined with any of the tasks described below, which requires additional attention from the specialist.

Application No. 4

Massage and self-massage

Teaching a child self-massage is recommended to be carried out in several stages. First, the adult massages his body himself, then with the hands of the child himself, putting his hands on top, only after that the child performs self-massage on his own.

Ask him to describe his feelings before and after the massage: “Perhaps something has changed? What? Where? What does it look like?". For example, massaged (or other) parts of the body became warmer, hotter, lighter or covered with goosebumps, became heavy, etc.

Exercises:

« magic dots". Massage of "magic points" increases the body's resistance, improves metabolic processes, lymph and blood circulation. Of course, the methods of acupuncture are much more extensive, and mastering them will be of great benefit to both specialists and the child. However, such work should definitely be carried out only by specially trained professionals. Here are examples of those “magic points” (according to Prof. A.A. Umanskaya), which have been tested, proven to be effective and accessible when widely implemented in everyday pedagogical and home practice. On fig. 1 points are given that should be massaged sequentially.

The techniques of this massage are easy to master for adults, and then teach children. The massage of the “magic points”, produced by rotational movements, should be done daily three times a day for 3 seconds (9 times in one direction, 9 in the opposite direction). If you find a painful area in yourself or your child, then it should be massaged in the indicated way every 40 minutes until normal sensitivity is restored. In addition to other effects, constant massage is beneficial for the child because:

point 1 associated with the mucosa of the trachea, bronchi, and bone marrow. When massaging this zone, coughing decreases, blood formation improves;

point 2 regulates the body's immune functions, increases resistance to infectious diseases;

point 3 controls the chemical composition of the blood and the mucous membrane of the larynx;

point 4- the neck area is connected with the regulator of the activity of the vessels of the head, neck and trunk. Massage of this point normalizes the functioning of the vestibular apparatus. This point should be massaged not with rotation, but only with translational, pressing or vibrating movements from top to bottom, just like point 5;

point 5 located in the region of the 7th cervical and 1st thoracic vertebrae. Working with it gives a variety of positive effects, including improving general circulation, reducing irritability and sensitivity to allergic agents;

point 6- massage of this point improves the blood supply to the mucous membranes of the nose and the maxillary cavity. The nose is cleared, the coryza passes;

point 7- improves blood supply in the eyeball and frontal parts of the brain;

point 8- massage affects the hearing organs and the vestibular apparatus;

point 9- massage gives a multilateral effect; edema is removed, many functions of the body are normalized.

1. The child places his palms perpendicular to each other and produces sharp claps (5-10 claps with an interval of about 1 s); the places of contact are the recesses between the wrist and the lower part of the palm, then the exercise is repeated, but the places of contact are the outer sides of the wrist.

2. Arms extended forward, hands clenched into fists; sharp blows are performed first with fists turned up, then down; during the impact, the lateral surfaces of the clenched fists should be completely combined.

After these stimulating exercises, you can move on to massage and self-massage of various parts of the body.

3. "Washing the head."

A. Fingers slightly apart and slightly bent at the joints. With your fingertips, massage your head in the direction; 1) from the forehead to the top of the head, 2) from the forehead to the back of the head, and 3) from the ears to the neck.

B. The fingers are slightly bent, the surface of the nails and the first phalanges are in close contact with the surface of the head behind the ears; massage is performed by the child with both hands towards each other from the ears to the top of the head.

4 . "The monkey is combing." The right hand massages the head with fingers from the left temple to the right side of the back of the head and back. Then the left hand - from the right temple to the left side of the back of the head. In a more complex version, the arms are crossed at the hairline (thumbs - in the middle line!); in this position, the child intensively massages the head from the forehead to the neck and back,

5. "Ears". The ears are rubbed with the palms as if they were cold; warm up three times from top to bottom (vertically); they are rubbed in a reciprocating motion in the other direction (horizontally) (fingers, excluding the thumbs, are connected and directed towards the back of the head, elbows forward).

Then close your ears with your palms, and attach your fingers to the back of the head, bringing them closer. With index fingers, lightly tap on the back of the head up to three times. This exercise tones the cerebral cortex, reduces the sensation of tinnitus, headache, dizziness,

6. "Eyes rest." Close eyes. With the interphalangeal joints of the thumbs, make 3-5 massaging movements along the eyelids from the inner to the outer corners of the eyes; repeat the same movement under the eyes. After that, massage the eyebrows from the bridge of the nose to the temples.

7. "Funny noses." Rub the nose area with your fingers, then with your palms until a feeling of warmth appears. Rotate the tip of the nose to the right and left 3-5 times. After that, do 3 - 5 stroking rotational movements with the index fingers of both hands along the nose, from top to bottom on both sides. This exercise protects against a runny nose, improves blood circulation in the upper respiratory tract.

8. Biting and "scratching" the lips with the teeth: the same - the tongue with the teeth from the very tip to the middle of the tongue. Intense "flapping" of the lips and rubbing each other's lips in different directions.

9. "Fish". The mouth is slightly open. Take the upper lip with the fingers of the right hand, and the lower lip with the left hand. Perform simultaneous and multidirectional hand movements, stretching the lips up, down, right, left. Close your mouth, take both lips with your hands and pull them forward, massaging them.

10. Relaxed face. Hands run over the face from top to bottom, gently pressing as when washing (3-5 times). Then, with the back of the hand and fingers, gently move from the chin to the temples; "Smooth" the forehead from the center to the temples.

11. "Flexible neck, loose shoulders." Massage the back of the neck (from top to bottom) with both hands: stroking, patting, pinching, rubbing, spiral movements. Similarly: a) with the right hand, massage the left shoulder in the direction from the neck to the shoulder joint, then with the left hand - the right shoulder; b) with the right hand, take hold of the left shoulder and make 5-10 rotational movements clockwise and against it; the same - with the left hand, then with both hands at the same time.

12. "Owl". Raise your right shoulder up and turn your head to the right while taking a deep breath; grab the right periosteal muscle with your left hand and lower your shoulder as you exhale. Stretch the trapped muscle by breathing deeply and looking as far behind your back as possible. The same - with the left shoulder with the right hand.

13. "Warm hands." Raise your right hand up, moving it in different directions. The left hand at the same time holds the shoulder (forearm) of the right hand, resisting its movement and at the same time massaging it. Then the hands change.

Rubbing and warming up the fingers and the entire hand from the fingertips to the base and back; special attention should be paid to the thumbs. Imitation of "power" washing, rubbing and shaking hands.

14. "House". Place your fingers in a “house” in front of your chest and press them against each other, first at the same time, then separately with each pair of fingers.

15. "Rocking chair" on the back and stomach, "Log", "Stretches" are an excellent massage for the spine, dorsal and abdominal muscles, internal organs.

16. "Warm legs." Sitting, vigorously rub (knead, pinch) with the right hand the sole, fingers and back of the foot at the interdigital spaces of the left foot, the same with the left hand with the foot of the right foot. After that, rub (drum) the feet against each other, as well as on the floor.

It is also useful to stroke the feet and toes with the back of the hand and fingers; rubbing, kneading them and pressure on them with the tips of the fingers and thumb, the bones of the fingers of the hand clenched into a fist, the edge of the palm, etc.

These exercises have an activating and grounding effect on the body, as well as strengthen the muscles and ligaments of the arch of the foot, relieve fatigue, and prevent flat feet; they are also useful for colds and headaches. A good reinforcement for them is walking barefoot on pebbles, beans, any uneven surfaces (massage mats, slippers, exercise equipment).

Application No. 5

Methods for the prevention of visual fatigue and the development of vision in children

(according to V.A. Kovalev)

According to E.S. Avetisov, myopia occurs more often in children with deviations in the general state of health. Among children suffering from myopia, the number of practically healthy children is 2 times less than among the entire group of examined schoolchildren. Undoubtedly, the connection of myopia with colds, chronic, severe infectious diseases. In myopic children, more often than in healthy children, there are changes in the musculoskeletal system - postural disorders, scoliosis, flat feet. Violation of posture, in turn, inhibits the activity of internal organs and systems, especially respiratory and cardiovascular. Consequently, those who from the earliest years move a lot and in various ways, are well tempered, myopia occurs less often, even with a hereditary predisposition.

A reasonable daily routine, physical activity, proper nutrition, all this should take an important place in the complex of measures for the prevention of myopia and its progression, since physical culture contributes both to the overall strengthening of the body and the activation of its functions, and to increasing the efficiency of the eye muscles and strengthening the sclera of the eyes.

Special exercises for the eyes (according to Avetisov).

Special exercises for the eyes are the movement of the eyeballs in all possible directions up and down, to the sides, diagonally, as well as exercises for the internal muscles of the eyes. They must be combined with general developmental, breathing and corrective exercises. When performing each of them (especially with hand movements), you can also perform eyeball movements, fixing your gaze on the hand or the object being held. The head must remain still. The amplitude of the movement of the eyeball is maximum, the pace is medium or slow.

It is important to strictly observe the dosage of special exercises. You should start with 4-5 repetitions of each of them, gradually increasing to 8-12.

OUR REMARKS: according to our observations, we achieved the best results of the impact of such exercises when these exercises were preceded by general developmental exercises. We recommend doing a warm-up at an average pace, ending with a light run. Running time - up to 3 minutes. Then we gave exercises for the muscles of the eyes. The stimulating effect of the preliminary warm-up lies in the fact that in the cortical section of the CNS, a local establishment of temporary connections between the motor and visual cortical sections of the analyzers occurs. This stimulated the oculomotor functions and the light-sensing apparatus of vision.

Simulators for kindergarten "Videoazimuth"

It is made in the form of a rectangle drawing on whatman paper, on a plywood shield, etc. Its dimensions are from 30 x 42 cm to 140 x 330 cm. It serves to develop eye convergence, helps relieve visual fatigue after classes, working with a computer, etc.

The simulator is made in the form of a pattern of multi-colored arrows and lines. We offer the general idea of the drawing below.

The outer perimeter of the simulator-drawing is marked with red arrows. Their length and width are chosen arbitrarily, but we recommend a distance between them of 20 cm, no more. The dimensions of the rectangle can be 150 x 290-320 cm. It is necessary to maintain an approximate aspect ratio of 1:2. The direction of the red arrows is clockwise.

Stepping back inward by 10-15 cm, we apply the second green rectangle with arrows in the opposite direction. Their dimensions and width are the same as those of the red rectangle. Then diagonals of blue (blue) colors are performed. And we will mark the intersection points of the diagonals with purple or black arrows as a small cross, which should not be more than half of the side of the red rectangle. The background of the rectangle can be distinguished from the general color by making it white or lighter.

At the corners and at the points indicated by the central purple arrows, drawings of cartoon characters can be applied.

Place the center of the simulator pattern at a height of 160 cm from the floor. This is approximately the height at which we can quite calmly, without straining the neck muscles, perform special exercises on the Videoazimuth simulator.

Exercises (according to the teacher's instructions):

From a distance of 2-3 meters, looking in front of you, try with one eye (point of view) to trace the pattern of the red rectangle at a fast pace. Do this without moving your head, do it with your eyes only.

Dosage: done as many times as the age of the child, starting at 5 years old.

Then a green rectangle, yellow and blue diagonals and a vertical and horizontal line (the central “cross”) are traced, the amplitude of eye movements is large, the tracking speed is average, for those who have mastered the exercises a fast pace.

For young children, to facilitate the exercise, show eye movements, standing in front of the children and tell them that you need to “draw” the figure along the contour with your eyes. This is enough to understand the exercise being performed. Some educators use for teams at the initial stage of training the names of reference drawings in the corners of our simulator. For example: a bunny, a fox, a wolf, a bear (the game "Gingerbread Man").

Note:

Exercises for the prevention of myopia are recommended after morning exercises in a group.

Literature:

Improving work under the program "Island of Health" (p. 57 - Physical exercises for the eyes)

Educator of preschool educational institution No. 3 - 2008 (p. 11 - Obedient eyes)