Kilchevskaya Marina Vladimirovna
Consultation for parents "Organization of children's leisure in summer period»

We shower gifts for children, but the most valuable gift for them - the joy of communication, friendship - we give reluctantly and waste ourselves on those who are completely indifferent to us. However, in the end we get what we deserve. There comes a time when we need society more than anything children, their attention, and we get those miserable crumbs that previously fell to their lot.

Mark Twain

Summer is a wonderful time of the year. A long-awaited vacation is a well-deserved reward for long days of work, life, and care. Family vacation is the maximum possible amount of time that you can devote to your child. For a child, this is a long-awaited event, which he, too, has been waiting for all year.

Summer time is the best time to improve health children. They are especially mobile and cheerful. They spend all day outdoors. The beauty of nature, warmth, clean air, varied food - all this has a beneficial effect on children. organism. Bathing, cycling, playing with a ball, jumping ropes take up the whole day, which is of great benefit to the health of the child. The vestibular apparatus develops, muscles become stronger. Strength, balance, dexterity, endurance, courage develop. It creates a cheerful, cheerful mood.

And so that the rest brings only pleasure to you and your child, try to observe some regulations:

If you decide to study with your child, remember that these sessions should be short and best done in the morning. Your job is to broaden your horizons. children combining existing knowledge and life experience of the child.

It should be remembered that when leaving the city, or traveling around the world, one should discuss the impressions received with the child.

By all means distract the child from the TV and the computer, spend all free time in the fresh air, ride a bike, scooter, rollerblade, play football. Summer is a strengthening of the health of the child and how he rests largely depends on his health for the next academic year.

Try to observe the daily routine, otherwise it is very difficult to return to it in September. Do not forget that lack of sleep develops neuroses, fatigue increases. The child should sleep at least 10 hours.

Choose only those types of recreation that will suit you and your child.

When planning an excursion on vacation, discuss with your child in advance how he feels about it, if the reaction is negative, try to find a compromise. Try to find another excursion that is interesting for your child. Consult with your child, be an attentive listener, the value of communication is not in the amount of time, but in the quality of communication (attention, respect, understanding).

Games with parents is an integral part of development children. This is both health promotion and good mood. Joint games bring together parents and children. Your child will be delighted when he sees a serious dad having fun playing ball. For a preschooler, “play is the only way to get rid of the role of a child while remaining a child.” For an adult - "the only way to become a child again is to remain an adult".

What can you play with your child so that it brings joy to you and your children? Choose the games that are available to your child. Take into account that children the passion will quickly disappear if they do not experience the joy of victory. Remember the games you played as a child, teach these games to your child. It will bring great pleasure to both him and you, childhood memories are very pleasant! Ask your child to introduce you to the games he plays in kindergarten with his peers. Be an attentive listener, because these are the most valuable minutes of your communication. In addition to the excellent mood of the game, they contribute to the improvement of relationships in the family, bring together children and parents. We offer you some list of games that you can use with children during summer holiday.

ball games

"Name the animal"

Can be used different classification items (cities, names, fruits, vegetables, etc.). Players stand in a circle and begin to pass the ball to each other, naming the word. A player who cannot quickly name a word is out of the game. By playing this game, you expand your child's horizons and vocabulary.

"Edible - inedible"

This is one of the ancient games. Her rules are pretty simple. The players stand in a row, the leader throws the ball in turn to each of the players, while pronouncing a word. If the word "edible", the player must catch the ball if "inedible"- repel. If the player makes a mistake, then he changes places with the leader.

"Ride with the ball" (relay game)

The players are divided into two teams. Each team has a ball. Be the first in the team children. Determine the place to which you need "jump". On command, the players begin to jump with the ball, which is sandwiched between their knees. The team that completes the task faster without dropping the ball wins.

"Bouncers"

The players are divided into two teams. One team stands in the middle, the other team with the ball stands on both sides. The team with the ball is trying to hit the ball, "knock out" players from the center. Then the teams change places.

"Catch the ball"

If you have two balls on vacation, you can play this game. The rules are very simple. Players pass the ball to each other on command, trying to prevent one ball from catching up with the other.

This is a very small list of ball games that you can play with your children on vacation. Fantasize, invent your own games, and you are guaranteed a good mood.

You can also use many other things for joint games. If you are relaxing in the forest, look around, you you will find bumps there. Set up a competition. "Who will collect more cones". Spend a game "Most dexterous". Find a stump and put on it plastic bottle. Now try to knock it down with a bump from a distance. Use acorns, pebbles, twigs for games, fantasize with your children.

Introduce children with Russian folk games: "Burners", "Leapfrog". Remember the games you played yourself childhood: "Gardener", "Paints", "Grandma, the threads are tangled", "Zhmurki". Your child will be delighted, and you will again find yourself in childhood. An excellent mood is provided for both you and your child.

You can also play games that develop mental activity child, train concentration.

For example, the game "Vice versa". Children become in a circle. The driver throws the ball to someone and is talking: "Light", the catcher must say the word on the contrary, that is, the opposite in meaning. Player answers: "Dark" and returns the ball to the leader, he continues the game (wide-narrow, hot-cold, etc.). You can pronounce different parts speeches: and nouns, and verbs, and adjectives. A player who does not answer or hesitates for more than 10 seconds is out of the game. The game "Hurry up to take your place". Children form a circle, and the driver counts them in numerical order. The driver becomes in the center of the circle. The host loudly calls out two numbers. The named numbers should change places. The task of the driver is to get ahead of one of them and take his place. Left without a place, goes to the place of the driver. The numbers that were assigned to the players at the beginning of the game should not change, even when one or another of them becomes a temporary driver.

Drawing with crayons.

It is much more interesting to draw with children on the street. Take a set of colored crayons with you and boldly paint the asphalt. Moreover, you can draw not only little men, pictures, but also study letters, numbers, etc. With older children, you can play hopscotch and other similar games.

Blowing soap bubbles.

Such a game will be not only useful, but also a lot of fun! The main thing is to be patient and teach the child to inflate soap bubbles. Summer games for kids with the help of soap bubbles will become not only iridescent, but also fun entertainment in the form of bubble catchers. By blowing bubbles, kids train their lungs. Besides, blowing in one direction is not such an easy task! Blow bubble it is possible not only through a stick, but also through a straw, and the larger the hole, the larger the bubbles will be.

Games with a hoop and a skipping rope.

You can also improve the physical fitness of the child with the help of a hoop and a skipping rope. Since the kids cannot use these shells for their intended purpose, at first you can offer, for example, a small hoop as a steering wheel, or put the hoops on an edge so that the child crawls through the tunnel.

The most popular summer games are related to water and in the water.

But even with a minimum amount of water, you can organize a relay race. For this game, you will need two stools, on one of which a container of water is placed, and on the other an empty similar vessel. Task children transfer water from one vessel to another by means of other objects. Water can be carried in molds, ladles, plates. The team that splashes the least amount of water wins. It is possible to complicate the game that develops accuracy and coordination of movements by establishing a specific method of carrying water: in one hand, on a flat saucer.

Playing with stones.

Children love to collect stones. Dial stones different color and the size of a bucket, pour them into a bowl of water and wash. When you have washed the pebbles, you can start playing with them. You can put stones in a bucket and carry them to some place, you can do it with a spatula or a cup. Can be covered with stones flower bed, or a tree. You can draw some figure on the ground with a stick, and lay it out with stones along the contour.

New vivid impressions enrich the content of children's games. An abundance of variety natural material contributes to the development of creative intent in the game. Some games appear unexpectedly, as a response to bright new experiences. This helps adults get to know their child, provides great opportunities for an individual approach to children, for identifying the interests and inclinations of the child. Use favorable summer days!

Parents while earning money, do not forget about your children! Give love and tenderness to your children!

Consultation for preschool parents on the theme "Summer"

Kamyshenkova Vera Borisovna
caregiver MBDOU "Kindergarten No. 3" Sun "
G.Rasskazovo, Tambov region.
Description: Organization of children's recreation during the summer holidays is a responsible and serious matter. For a child, this is a happy, carefree time, and for adults, it is hard work, designed to successfully achieve the goals set in the upbringing of the younger generation.
Summer bosom friend,
Sunshine all around
We eat, we relax
And we sunbathe.
Gives joy to adults, children,
Enjoy this gift.
L. Lukanova.
Summer is the most beautiful time of rest for both adults and children.

A special period in a child's life, which opens the door wide to the world of nature, giving him, with the support of educating adults, a unique opportunity for learning, new discoveries, creation, communication, is summer.
Summer is known to us as the time of holidays, children and adults are waiting for it.
Adults have extensive experience of summer holidays in the city and in the country, on the banks of the river or the sea. Young children, on the contrary, do not have such experience and expect repetition of the past or new ideas from adults.

It is important that parents make the best use of this precious time.
Against the backdrop of environmental troubles, an unprecedented increase in the diseases of civilization, you need to learn how to maintain and strengthen your health. In addition, we must remember that today there are practically no ideally healthy children. According to Russian statistics, 60% of children aged 3 to 7 have functional health problems and only 10% of children come to school in perfect health. Therefore, the problem of health should be considered in a broad social aspect.
The main means of preventing colds are natural healing factors. The expedient use of air, sun and water helps to develop in the child adaptive reactions to changing external conditions.
Think back to the fun times you had when you were a child. Why were you surprised, happy? What discoveries did you make while walking? Recall your favorite games and share your memories with your child. Play with him!
This games of your childhood: Dodgeball, Hali Halo, Doggies, Ball Catch, Penguins, Overhead Passing, Edible-Inedible, Hitting the Ball with One, Two Hands, I Know Five names”, “Lapta” and others.

Games with parents It is an integral part of the development of children. This is both health promotion and good mood. Joint games bring parents and children together. Your child will be delighted when he sees a serious dad having fun playing ball. For a preschooler, “play is the only way to get rid of the role of a child while remaining a child.” For an adult, "the only way to become a child again is by remaining an adult." Going on vacation with children out of town, with a company, do not forget to take with you the necessary attributes for the game, these can be balls, rackets.
In an environment where modern children spend most of their time at the computer or watching TV, it is especially important to instill in children a love for outdoor games. Children need to spend a lot of time outdoors, but it is much more useful and interesting to play outside, and not just wander around. And it is important for adults to teach children to play and actively participate in fun, because collective games bring together. The benefits of outdoor play are important both in terms of normal physical development and as a source of fun and Have a good mood. Games that involve active motor activity are necessary for the development of strength and endurance, ingenuity, dexterity, resourcefulness, patience, the desire to win and creative thinking. Indeed, during the games there is no time to be bored, you constantly need to be involved in the process and monitor the progress of the game. Such fun requires motor efforts, which contributes to the development of the physical parameters of the child. The advantage of outdoor games is their creative and competitive nature. Games require children to be able to interact as a team and adapt to changing conditions. Thus, the ability to interact in a team is laid in a child from childhood.

mobile game- one of the means of versatile education of children preschool age. Its characteristic feature is the complexity of the impact on the body and on all aspects of the child's personality. In the mobile game, physical, mental, moral and labor education is carried out.
Doctors believe that active natural physical activity, motor activity of a gaming nature and the positive emotions it causes contribute to beneficial physiological processes in the body. Such children develop quickly physically, are less susceptible to seasonal colds and allergies. They grow stronger, dexterous, confident in their abilities.
Unexpected situations that arise in the game teach children to use the acquired motor skills appropriately. Also in the mobile game, the most favorable conditions for the development of physical qualities are created. For example, to dodge a "trap", you need to show dexterity, and to escape from it, run as fast as possible. Fascinated by the plot of the game, children can perform with interest and, moreover, many times the same movements without noticing fatigue, and this leads to the development of endurance.

Active games have a beneficial effect on the entire body as a whole. They improve everyone's work internal organs and systems. Over the summer, children most often develop well physically, and in the future they get sick much less. colds. During active movements: climbing, jumping, running, throwing and catching, the metabolism increases, and the blood delivers more building materials to the right place. In addition, children strengthen their legs, develop strength, flexibility, responsiveness and endurance.
Outdoor games help the child get rid of negative emotions, increased anxiety. The child can be liberated, acquire new communication skills and establish contacts with other children. He gets the opportunity to try something new and interesting for himself.
During the game, the child receives emotional release and learns to be more organized and calm. This is due to the fact that any outdoor games for children have a number of rules and many of them are played with a group of children. Any child willy-nilly learns to fulfill certain conditions and take into account the opinions of other children and adults.
The value of outdoor games for children is difficult to overestimate, since this is a great opportunity to help the child develop comprehensively.
Psychologists are confident that children who regularly take part in outdoor games get positive emotions. This allows you to get rid of anxiety and become more sociable, which has a positive effect on preparing for school. Classes and outdoor games in the gym, outdoors, water games, sports games lay the foundation for high performance. Properly organized outdoor games and physical activity are a reliable shoulder that you can and should rely on at any age. Outdoor games and physical education are a powerful accumulator of vitality, they bring cheerfulness and cheerfulness, pride in their motor skills and abilities.
By playing games, even the most indecisive child can be taught to take the initiative and make decisions. Conscious fulfillment of all the conditions of the game develops will, self-control, endurance, and also develops control over one's actions and behavior.

In the process of outdoor games, memory, thinking and imagination also develop. Children learn to act in accordance with their role, as well as to analyze their own actions and the actions of their friends.
Summer children should spend as much time as possible outdoors. And parents are obliged to remember that the sun, air and water - everything should be in moderation, with the benefit of the health and development of the child. It is useful to play with children in the fresh air and for parents! This allows them to relax, return to their childhood, get a lot of positive emotions, a dose of physical activity, and most importantly, have fun with their children, show what games they played in childhood, teach the child to play!

Svetlana Azyrkina
Consultation for parents "Organization of work with children in the summer"

Summer is the time of the year when life in kindergarten changes completely. This is a seasonal period of time in which a system of activities aimed at improving the health and physical development of children is being implemented.

The educational process consists of educational activities carried out in the process organizations various types of children's activities of play, labor, music, reading, educational activities carried out during regime moments, independent activities of children and interaction with the families of pupils. Children spend most of their time outside. Outdoor activities for preschoolers summer period strengthens and hardens children's organism, has a positive impact on the overall development. The main task of adults is to satisfy the needs of the growing body at rest, creative activity and movement. Provide the necessary level of physical and mental development children will be helped by a well-planned system of recreational, educational and entertaining activities.

V summer wellness period we continue to work in the following areas of development and education children: social and communicative development, cognitive development, speech development, artistic and aesthetic development. A special place is given physical development children. According to sanitary rules in the warm season, under favorable meteorological conditions, directly educational activities for physical development is recommended organize outdoors. To achieve sufficient volume motor activity children need to use all organized forms of physical exercises with a wide inclusion of outdoor games, sports exercises.

important so organize the life of preschoolers so that every day brings them something new, be filled with interesting content, so that memories of summer time, games, walks, holidays and entertainment, interesting episodes delighted children for a long time.

At the same time, summer is fraught with some health hazards for children - the risk of overheating, sunburn, general relaxation on hot days, fatigue from excessive running around, and the adverse effects of water when used excessively.

The main goal of the team preschool v summer time is the general recovery and strengthening of the children's organism. This can be achieved only through the joint efforts of pedagogical, medical and service personnel, their timely preparation for summer health season.

Therefore, preparation for summer wellness company starts back in May: teachers and parents break flower beds in the plots, put the territory in order kindergarten.

Summer work with children in kindergarten it is customary to call wellness.

When planning a wellness work should adhere to the following principles:

– complex use of preventive, hardening and health-improving technologies;

– continuous implementation of preventive, hardening and recreational activities;

– use of simple and accessible technologies;

- the formation of positive motivation in children, parents and teachers to carry out preventive hardening and recreational activities;

– increasing the efficiency of the system of preventive and health-improving measures by observing elementary rules and standards: optimal motor mode, physical activity, sanitary condition of the institution, catering, air-thermal regime and water supply.

aim organization of work during the summer recreational period is to improve the quality of health work with pupils and wide promotion of a healthy lifestyle among all participants in the educational process in summer period.

Main tasks work of preschool educational institution during the summer are:

- to implement a system of measures aimed at improving the health and physical education of children;

– create comfortable conditions for the physical, mental, moral education each child, the development of their curiosity and cognitive activity;

– organize a health-saving regime that ensures the protection of life, the prevention of morbidity and childhood injuries;

- to educate parents on the upbringing and health of children in summer period.

When preparing for, one should proceed from the need to take into account the following factors:

- individual socio-psychological characteristics of children;

- features of the climatic zone.

The plans of educators during the day should provide for all types of children's activities: motor, productive, communicative, labor, cognitive-research, musical-artistic, reading fiction, game.

Before taking the pupils for a walk, the teacher must carefully inspect the site. Teachers should know poisonous plants and shrubs growing on the territory of the preschool educational institution, tell children about them.

The site should be well visible, sufficiently shaded, safe, equipped with small game forms, sandbox (with watered and loosened sand, a set of shovels, molds for each child). The educator needs to monitor compliance with the drinking regime, children's clothing in accordance with the weather.

V summer time outside with children can be arranged productive educational activities (drawing, appliqué, origami, etc.)

Acquaintance with the surrounding reality, observing nature in summer, organization joint activities adults and children create favorable conditions for the development of communicative qualities in preschoolers. Educators should include work with children situational conversations, conversations, repetition of songs, nursery rhymes, tongue twisters, organize literary leisure, quizzes, shows puppet theater. Particular attention should be paid to reading fiction, telling fairy tales, organization of games - dramatizations.

We should not forget about labor activities: strengthening self-service skills in children of primary preschool age, organization of labor assignments, on duty. Older children can be involved in cleaning the flower garden and garden, helping younger pupils, and household chores.

Particular attention in summer period should be given to cognitive research activities: observations on a walk of the phenomena of animate and inanimate nature, building the relationship, interdependence of objects and natural phenomena, experimentation(with water and sand, solving problem situations.

Much attention in summer period all kinds of target walks environmental content outside the territory of the kindergarten with children senior preschool age. The purpose of such walks is to promote mental, moral, aesthetic and physical education preschoolers on the material of the natural environment, to develop curiosity, the ability to be surprised. At each walk, the teacher teaches to notice, observe interesting natural phenomena, perceiving the world all the senses, it brings up in children the ability to admire the green grass, the blue sky, white clouds, to enjoy the singing of birds, the buzzing of insects.

- annually to summer wellness period equipment is being repaired and painted, areas are supplemented with small architectural forms, playground equipment;

– organized delivery of earth and sand, planting trees, laying out flower beds;

- everyday work is organized adults in compliance with sanitary and hygienic requirements (sand is processed in sandboxes, the floor on the verandas is washed daily, in hot weather, areas are watered, grass is mowed in a timely manner, etc.);

– organized subject-developing environment on the territory of the preschool educational institution (equipment for playing and cognitive research activities in sand and water, remote umbrellas, awnings, covers for sandboxes, the range of remote equipment is expanding);

- the daily routine is observed summer wellness period.

- various types of children's activities (playing, communicative, labor, cognitive research, productive, musical and artistic, reading) and independent activity children organized in the air;

Thus, systemic and sequential planning summer work will help to use this time for the benefit of children, expand their horizons, develop curiosity, cultivate a respect for nature.

Summer advice for parents

"Holiday with a child in the summer"

Summer is a wonderful time of the year. A long-awaited vacation is a well-deserved reward for long days of work, life, and care. Family vacation is the maximum possible amount of time that you can devote to your child. For a child, this is a long-awaited event, which he, too, has been waiting for all year.

In order for the rest to bring only pleasure to you and your child, try to follow some rules:

· If you decide to work with your child, remember that these activities should be short and best done in the morning. Your task is to expand the horizons of children, combining the existing knowledge and life experience of the child.

· It should be remembered that when leaving the city, or traveling around the world, you should discuss the impressions received with the child.

· By all means distract the child from the TV and the computer, spend all your free time outdoors, ride a bike, scooter, rollerblade, play football. Summer is a strengthening of the health of the child and how he rests largely depends on his health for the next academic year.

· Try to observe the daily routine, otherwise it is very difficult to return to it in September. Do not forget that lack of sleep develops neuroses, fatigue increases. The child should sleep at least 10 hours.

· Monitor your child's diet. Ice cream, soda, fast food will not bring health to your child.

Choose only those types of recreation that will suit you and your child.

· When planning an excursion on vacation, discuss with your child in advance how he feels about it, if the reaction is negative, try to find a compromise. Try to find another excursion that is interesting for your child. Consult with the child, be an attentive listener, the value of communication is not in the amount of time, but in the quality of communication (attention, respect, understanding).

· When going on vacation with a company, try to take people of your circle who share your interests, with similar material levels. It is optimal to go on vacation with a similar family composition. The same worries, the same problems, mutual help, childcare.

Rest is good. Unorganized rest is bad!

The sun is wonderful. The lack of a shadow is bad!

Sea air, swimming is good. Bathing for many hours is bad!

Exotic is good. Overseas infections are dangerous!

You have three months of summer vacation ahead of you. We wish you an interesting summer, good mood, health!

"The sun is good, but in moderation"

In summer, children should spend maximum time outdoors. This also applies to the smallest infants. However, if older preschoolers are allowed to sunbathe little by little, direct sunlight can be harmful for toddlers. The biggest danger is overheating of the body, sunburn, sunstroke, since a small child has less perfect thermoregulation and his skin is very delicate.

Before three years light-air baths can be carried out under a canopy or in the shade of trees. In this case, the principle of gradual exposure of the child's body must be observed. First, the arms and legs are released from clothing, and then the rest of the body. Already from 1.5 summer age a child can take light-air baths in panties alone. The duration of the first such bath is 5 minutes, then the time gradually increases to 30-40 minutes.

Light-air baths are especially recommended for children with a weakened body. The best time is from 9 a.m. to 12 p.m., in the south - from 8 a.m. to 10 a.m. It is best to end each light-air bath with a water treatment. Preschool children after a week's course of light-air baths can start sunbathing.

A child can sunbathe lying down, and even better during games and movement.

Sun baths in combination with light and air baths, as well as water procedures, have an excellent strengthening effect. Children become more resistant to flu-like illnesses than those guys who tanned little.

Beware of heat and sunstroke!

Specialists do not make much distinction between these conditions. And this is understandable. Both heatstroke and sunstroke are based on overheating of the body. The cause of heat stroke is the difficulty in transferring heat from the surface of the body. Often this is due to a long stay in a hot,

humid atmosphere. Sunstroke causes a violation of blood circulation in the brain. This usually happens when a child walks in the sun with his head uncovered. The younger the child, the more sensitive it is to the action of heat and sunlight. Therefore, overheating of the body in a small child can sometimes already happen while taking light-air baths. With mild sun or heat stroke, the symptoms are mostly the same. This is dizziness, weakness, headache. Babies often have indigestion. In severe cases, convulsions, vomiting, loss of consciousness may occur. In all such situations, you need to urgently call a doctor, and before he arrives, transfer the child to the shade, moisten his head and chest with cold water, put a cold compress on the bridge of the nose, and raise his head. Give the child a drink and calm him down.

"Traveling with Children"

To go or not to go with a child to the south? - the question arises before parents quite often.

What can be advised about this? If you live in the middle lane and if we are talking about baby, then it is hardly worth going on a long trip with him. Therefore, the best thing is to take him to the country. The same must be done in cases where your daughter or son is not yet three years old. How smaller child, the more difficult it is to adapt to changes in the environment and climate. In these fertile places, in the first days, babies become capricious, they lose their appetite, and digestive and sleep disorders appear. Adaptation to new climatic conditions in children of the first three years of life sometimes lasts a week, or even two. As soon as the child has time to get used to the new climate, it is necessary to pack on the way back. Such rest for the child is fraught with the development of various diseases. As a result, all costs, worries and troubles can go to waste.

"Child safety on the street"

Perhaps some of the parents of babies will think that this article is not for him. Not alone yet a year will pass until the baby is old enough to walk on its own. All this is so. But it is necessary to bring up responsibility in a child from an early age. The sooner you explain the rules of safe behavior on the street to the baby, the more likely that he will not forget the science and will be able to use these lessons correctly if necessary. Your task is to teach your child how to behave in an extreme environment.

Yard without danger

Modern children begin to walk unaccompanied by their parents much later than we ourselves during our childhood. But it’s worth preparing the baby for independent “outings” in advance. So, walking along with the baby, go around the entire yard and pay attention to the most dangerous places: manholes, basements, attics, construction sites. It is important not just to say: “You can’t go here! This is dangerous!" It is necessary to explain intelligibly why it is impossible: you can fall into the hatch, someone can close the basement door, and then the child will remain imprisoned there (if the baby is locked in the basement, you don’t need to scream and cry, it’s better to knock on the door with all your might - so soon someone will hear and come to the rescue).

Even cars parked near the house can be a great danger. Usually, kids clearly learn that you need to be extremely careful with moving cars. But a parked car does not cause them concern. Tell your child that the car can move suddenly and the driver will not notice the kid who, playing hide and seek, hid behind the trunk. Therefore, you can’t run, let alone hide around cars, and if a ball rolls under the car, you need to turn to adults for help.

Toddlers love to play hospital, shop, or "cook" meals for dolls on a toy stove. To do this, they tear plants growing nearby (grass, flowers, leaves), collect seeds. And it is not always used "for fun". The child can taste the prepared "medicine" or the doll's "soup". But not all plants are harmless, as it may seem. For example, in castor bean, which in last years quite often grown at the entrances of houses (popularly called "palm tree"), deadly poisonous seeds. It is enough for a baby to swallow 2-3 seeds to get serious poisoning. Be sure to explain to the child that no plants, berries and seeds plucked on the street should be taken into the mouth. And for the game it is better to use harmless and well-known plants, such as dandelion, plantain, mountain ash.

Walking with the baby in the yard, you must be sure that there are no open sewer manholes around. The statistics are ruthless: hundreds of children are killed and injured precisely for this reason. And here no warnings “look under your feet” and “do not step” will help. In the excitement of an outdoor game, the baby may simply not notice the danger. Therefore, do not rely on utilities, but take the initiative in your own hands: conduct a periodic audit with other parents and close the hatches with boards.

Equipment rules

When dressing your baby for a walk, check the clothes. It is better that it be without laces that can be hooked. It is desirable that the shoes are tightly fixed on the leg and do not “slip”. This will make the child's play safer.

Life on the playground

It's good that there are playgrounds with swings in the yards! And how bad at the same time that they are! Modern heavy iron structures have truly destructive power. And if such a swing hits a child at high speed, it can end badly. The danger lies not only in tiny silly kids who have crept close to the swings while their mothers are enthusiastically chatting on the bench. And older children sometimes can not correctly assess the safe distance. Therefore, you must clearly explain to the child that you can only approach the swing from the side, and go around them at a great distance. You need to sit down and get off only when the swing is stopped, and in no case should you jump from them. Tell us about what violations of these rules can lead to.

Carousels can also hit the baby hard if basic safety rules are not followed. Just like with the swings, often remind the baby that it is dangerous to approach the spinning carousels. First you need to wait for them to stop, and only then sit down on the seat. And, of course, hold on tight.

Any kid knows that ladders, turnstiles, hand walkers, in a word, sports equipment are a very interesting and fun thing. They develop agility, endurance, coordination of movements. And mom will not forbid enough to climb and hang on them. Of course, provided that the baby will do all this with due care. First of all, pay attention to the coverage of the sports playground. If it is sand, grass, sawdust, or, in extreme cases, small gravel, feel free to let the baby go there. If the site is concreted or paved, it is better to look for another place to play. Teach your child how to properly jump down a ladder or horizontal bar. When the child swings on the crossbar, you need to jump at the moment when the body begins to move backward. Otherwise, you can easily fall.

All kinds of slides are a favorite entertainment for children. But moms and dads should pay attention to their condition before letting the baby roll with the breeze. If the handrails or sides of the slide are wooden, then parents need to check how well the surface is treated to avoid splinters on children's hands. For preschool children, the height of the slide should not exceed 1.2 m. From the “correct” slide, the baby rolls down without stopping to the very bottom and does not fly to the ground, but lingers on a special, raised ledge. The kid should know that slides are not a place for pampering. You need to climb and move out carefully and carefully, observe the queue and in no case push other children. This could result in serious injury. Of course, it is not necessary to stand next to the slide all the time and patronize the baby. But it is better not to let the child out of sight in order to respond in time to the dangerous behavior of children.

Forbidding children to climb trees is a useless thing. Anyway, sooner or later, they will test the surrounding trees for strength. And to avoid falls and injuries, it is better to teach the baby to do it right. First of all, only old trees with thick trunks and branches are suitable for climbing. A young tree can be easily damaged, and it will die, and the baby himself, standing on a thin branch, will fly down. You need to rely only on thick living branches and, in no case, not on dry ones. It is worth first checking the strength of the branch, and only then stand on it. And one more thing: make sure that the kid alternates arms and legs when climbing: for example, first he intercepts his arm, then he moves his leg. Relying on three limbs at the same time reduces the risk of falling.

Roller skating or cycling are useful activities in all respects, but at the same time quite dangerous. First of all, take care of the protective equipment for little athletes. All kinds of helmets, knee pads and elbow pads are not just fashionable “gadgets”, but something that will save the baby not only from broken knees and skinned arms, but also from much more serious injuries. Be sure to select a helmet for a roller skate with a fitting. It should sit comfortably on the head, close the forehead, but not move out over the eyes. Special gloves without fingers will also be useful. Roller skating is better in specially designated areas. It’s easier with a bicycle, just be sure to teach your baby to be attentive to “pedestrians” and not to develop high speed where there is a chance of knocking down one of the kids. If you need to cross the road with a small cyclist, be sure to remove him from the bike and cross the road by hand, leading the bike separately. And, of course, never let the little "racer" out of your sight.

Fighting is a common cause of serious injury in children. More often this is the lot of boys, but there are also cocky girls who are ready to "deal" with the offender with the help of their fists. And fists are still half the trouble. Often improvised items are used: sticks, pieces of iron, stones, etc. One of the main reasons is very simple: the guys do not yet understand how seriously they can injure the enemy with these items. The usual cinematic stereotype works: the hero was hit on the head with a hefty cobblestone, and he himself is not only alive, but also quite healthy. Scenes like this distort our children's understanding of the real force of a blow, of pain, of how fragile and vulnerable a human life really is. And who else, if not moms and dads, should convey these simple truths to the kids? If all the children were talking about possible consequences such fights, child injuries would be much less ...

Another danger is large and small quadrupeds, not only stray, but also real domestic ones. This is not so much about dangerous diseases that animals can carry, but about dog aggression, the victims of which sometimes become children. Undoubtedly, you must instill in your child love and trust in the smaller brothers, but the baby must clearly know that dogs are different and not always kind. In addition, it is better not to approach unfamiliar animals at all. Tell your child not to wave their arms or stick around the dog. She will think that they want to hit her and may bite. Don't pet or touch an unfamiliar dog. She might not like it. The child must know how to behave when attacked by a dog. If there is no safe haven nearby - an entrance or a tree - you should not run away, the dog will catch up anyway. Show your baby how to protect their face and neck by tucking their chin into their chest and covering with their arms bent at the elbows. And adults will definitely come to the rescue.

Caution: stranger!

Even if your child is still too young to walk without adults and you are not going to let him go out alone yet, he must clearly learn the basic rules for communicating with strangers. Most of us inspire children to be well-mannered and polite to people, not to be rude or lie. All this is, of course, true. But it is quiet, well-mannered children who are more likely to become victims of criminals. After all, they are so easy to deceive, and they themselves are accustomed to always tell adults only the truth. How to be, is it really necessary to raise a child as a liar and a rude? You don’t need to raise a rude person, but it’s simply necessary to explain to a kid that among good and kind people there are sometimes bad ones. WITH early childhood the child must clearly know the important rules:

• Never talk to strangers and never take anything from them.
• Never get into a car with a stranger and never go anywhere with him.

You can’t take ANYTHING from a stranger: no sweets, no toys, no gifts, nothing that “needs to be given to mom.” In a situation where a child is offered to go or go somewhere with a stranger (“see the Barbie collection”, “act in a movie”, “feed the kittens”, etc.), the child should answer only one thing: “Now I will ask permission from my mother ". The child should also be ready for a provocation from a stranger: “I thought you were already big, but you keep asking your mother for permission!” The answer in this case should be firm and unambiguous. Explain to the child that if someone grabs him by the hand and drags him somewhere or tries to push him into the car, ABSOLUTELY all self-defense methods are allowed. You can be rude, lie, kick, bite, scream. By the way, in such a situation, you need to shout not “Help!”, But “This is not my dad (mom)! My name is so-and-so, call my parents at number so-and-so!”

From the early age inspire the child that his body belongs only to him and no one has the right to touch the baby without his consent. Try not to squeeze or kiss the child if he does not want to at the moment. And never let other people do it. The baby should clearly know that no one has the right to take him in his arms without the permission of his mother, and if this happens, then it is quite possible to behave not very well-mannered: shout loudly and even kick.

Inspire your child that you will never send a stranger to kindergarten for him. And if something like this happens, the baby should not go anywhere with this person, even if the stranger claims that his mother (dad, grandmother, etc.) sent him. And remind about all this more often, more often, more often! Children so easily forget everything we teach them...

I'm lost!

Parents who have lost their child at least once (even if only for a couple of minutes) are almost certainly familiar with the all-encompassing feeling of panic that binds the body and makes it difficult to think soberly. A toddler who suddenly discovers that mom or dad is not around is no better. He is afraid to be alone in a crowd of strangers. And even if you try not to let go of your baby's hand in crowded places, situations when a child gets lost are not so rare. But, if both parents and, most importantly, the baby clearly know how to behave in extreme situations, trouble will not happen. Let's teach our little one correct behavior in public places so that we never have to experience these terrible moments.

At the supermarket. First of all, the baby must clearly understand that when making family purchases with mom and dad in a large store, he should not lose sight of his parents. It is almost impossible to hold a child by the hand all the time, because we stop at the windows every now and then, take some goods in our hands, and are distracted from the baby for a short time. For a nimble, curious toddler, this time is quite enough to slip away from his parents, get lost in the crowd, or linger in the toy department. Therefore, accustom your child to the idea that you are not watching him, but HE is following you. If the baby no longer fits in the shopping cart, let him hold on to it with his hand and by all means inform you that he wants to linger near this or that product. Then you just stop and wait for it. Tell the baby about what he should do if he suddenly did not find his parents nearby. Inspire your child with an important thought: you love him very much, worry about him and will never scold him, even if the baby is lost due to his own negligence, without following your rules. This will help him remember everything you taught him and do the right thing. The best thing a child who is lost in a crowd can do is to stay put and wait. You can even sit on the floor. Sooner or later, mom and dad will certainly find him. The child should know that in no case should he leave the store to "wait for his parents near the car." Unfortunately, not all supermarkets have security that will not let the child go out alone. Tell, and even better, show the kid those people who can be contacted for help: policemen, security guards, supermarket employees, cashiers. In a word, all people in uniform. You can trust them, they will help. With no one else, even if this person seems kind and good and promises to take him to his mother, the child should not go under any circumstances. If someone tries to take him away by force, let him shout loudly: “Dad! Mum!" A kid who can speak well should know his first name, last name, home address and, it would be nice, his phone number. This information needs to be learned with the child and be sure to repeat from time to time. If the kids remember the name and surname well, then the address is often forgotten. It would not be bad, when going with a child to crowded places, to put a note in the pocket of his clothes with his name, surname, address and numbers mobile phones parents. Even better, engrave this data on a metal plate, attach it to a chain and fasten it inside the pocket of children's trousers so that the baby does not accidentally lose it. Now on sale you can find special key rings, where all the information about the child is recorded.

At the train station, at the airport. All the rules mentioned above apply here. Only you need to monitor the baby even more carefully, because there are much more dangers at the station than in the store. Every time you find yourself at the train station or at the airport, going on a trip, remind your child of the rules of conduct. Draw his attention to the fact that in no case should he leave you anywhere without asking permission. If it is lost, you can turn to policemen, security guards, cashiers for help.

In the subway. When entering the train car, hold the child firmly by the hand and let him go in front of you. Just in case, explain to the child how to behave if he was in the car, the doors slammed shut, and you remained on the platform. Even if it seems to you that this will never happen to you, it is better to be prepared for any surprises. The kid should know that, having passed one station, he should get out of the car, move away from the edge of the platform and wait for you. And you will certainly arrive by the next train. If everything happened exactly the opposite (the mother left, and the baby remained on the platform), then there is no reason to panic here either. Again, you need to move away from the edge of the platform (it is better to sit on a bench if there is one nearby) and wait for your mother.

In the park, in the forest. Walking in the park is a great opportunity to have a good time with the whole family. And in order for such a vacation not to turn into a continuous “hassle” for you, from a very early age it should be an absolute taboo for the baby to go too far from you. Of course, walking in the park exclusively by the hand with your mother is stupid. But running away and, especially, “hiding” from her is absolutely unacceptable. The kid should know that he can run and play only where his parents are visible, and they, in turn, should see him.

It is not uncommon that during a family picnic in the forest, while adults are busy making a fire or cooking barbecue, kids look for entertainment on their own. And it happens, as in that fairy tale about Masha and the Bear: tree by tree, bush by bush, so we moved quite far from the camp. It is very easy to get lost in the forest. And very scary. But if your baby has clearly learned that it is NECESSARY TO STAY IN THE PLACE, you will find him very quickly. Adults in this case should separate, going in search at the same time in different directions, periodically calling out to the child. The kid, in turn, should also loudly call for help. It is very useful for walking in nature to buy a good whistle for a child. And in the event that he is lost in a forest or park, his whistle will be perfectly audible for hundreds of meters.

If there is a pond in a park or forest, extra attention will be required from you. Moreover, even a very small depth can be dangerous for the baby. Do not let the baby go to the water alone, but do it together. If the shore is gentle, the baby can play near the water under your tireless supervision. If the bank is steep, in no case do not let the child's hand out of yours and do not come close to the edge.

Attention dear!

First of all, it is very important to always follow the rules yourself. traffic. If, walking with a child, you cross the road only on a green light, use ground and underground pedestrian crossings, the baby from early childhood will learn that it is necessary to act in this way, and not otherwise. If, however, we often neglect these simple rules, all our moralizing will be an empty phrase for the baby. Children copy adults in everything, remember this. Why is it impossible for a child to cross the road in the wrong place, if the mother does the same, albeit occasionally? It is better to be patient and wait an extra minute for a green light than to instill in a child that it is permissible not to follow the rules.

Whenever you cross the road with your baby, say the algorithm of actions: “First we look to the left, we reach the middle of the road, then we look to the right.” Teach your baby to look carefully at the road, even if you go to the green light of the traffic light. Unfortunately, there are drivers for whom the rules are not written ... Explain to the child the purpose of the "zebra" on the road, figure out what these or those mean road signs. It would be great to play at home with toy cars and plush "pedestrians", drawing traffic signs on sheets of paper and hanging traffic signs around the apartment. Any science is better remembered in the game ...

Be careful when traveling on public transport and teach your child to be careful. Do not neglect the rules, no matter how simple they may seem to you. You should approach the doors of a bus, trolleybus or fixed-route taxi only after the transport has completely stopped, otherwise you can slip and be under the wheels. In addition, you may be pushed by one of the passengers pushing from behind. When entering a tram or bus, let the child go first. It is better to take the smallest ones in your arms. Get out of the vehicle first, then help the baby out by holding his hand.

An elevator is not exactly a transport, but like any mechanism, it can be extremely dangerous. An adult always enters the opened elevator first, followed by a child. It is better to hold the baby by the hand. When leaving, the opposite is true: the child is first, the mother is behind him. Do not let the baby jump in the elevator - this can cause him to "get stuck".

Dear parents, remember that children's safety depends on us. The task of adults is not only to constantly patronize and protect the kids. We just have to teach them to take care of themselves. But this must be done competently and carefully so that the baby does not begin to perceive the world around him as hostile, full of dangers, troubles and evil people. No, the world is beautiful and amazing, discovering it for yourself is interesting and fun. You just need to always be attentive to yourself and loved ones. And then the troubles will bypass you and your wonderful kids!