Natalia Sazonova
Consultation for parents " Moral education preschoolers. "

Consultation for parents« Moral education of preschool children.»

Moral man is manifested in conscious follow moral principles and in the usual forms moral behavior. The child passes the life path, at the beginning of which his behavior is due to external influences and instinctive impulses. Education helps him come to the internally meaningful, due to the worldview, moral The feeling and consciousness of behavior, ownership of themselves, self-regulation and self-government. During this path, the child is on different levels Management of own behavior.

Success moral education children largely depends on the nature of the subjective moral spacein which they live. It includes relations and communication in the team, family, on the street with comrades and friends, parents, teachers, attitudes towards themselves, to nature, to the outside world, work, lifestyle, to public requirements

Moral It is not formed on verbal or activity activities, but in the everyday relations and difficulties of life in which the child has to understand, make a choice, make decisions and make actions.

A child who can correctly appreciate and understand the feelings and emotions of another person for whom the concepts of friendship, justice, compassion, kindness, love is not empty sound, has much more high level emotional Development, it does not have problems in communicating with others, it is much more stable to transfer stressful situations and is not amenable to negative exposure from the outside.

Moral education of preschoolers is especially importantbecause exactly in preschool Aged child especially susceptible to the assimilation of moral norms and requirements. This is one of the very important sides of the child's personality formation process. In other words, spiritual moral education of preschool children It is possible to consider how - a serious process of assimilation of samples of behavior established in the society, which will continue to regulate its actions. As a result of this moral education The child begins to act not because he wants to earn an adult approval, but because it considers it necessary to comply with the very norm of behavior as an important rule in relations between people.

The first task parents lies in, To help preschool children Determine the objects of his feelings and make them socially valuable. Children in communication form the ability to express their feelings, evaluate them, develop the ability to empathize and sympathize, very important in moral education kid. Inability to express your emotions, understand the feelings of others can lead to the formation "Communicative deafness"which can cause child conflicts with other children and negatively affect the formation of his personality. Therefore, another very important direction moral education Children - develop their ability to empathy. It is important to constantly pay attention to the child on what experiences it is experiencing that they feel the people around him, to enrich the lexicon kid with various words expressing experiences, emotions, feelings. As a development, the child is trying on various public roles, each of which will allow him to prepare for the fulfillment of various social responsibilities - the student, the captain of the team, friend, son or daughter, etc. Each of these roles is of great importance in the formation of social intelligence and implies the development of its own moral qualities: justice, responsiveness of kindness, tenderness, care, etc. And the more diverse will be the repertoire of the roles of the baby, the more with a lot of moral The principles will get acquainted and the richer will be his personality.

Strategy moral education in children's garden And at home should be directed not only to the awareness of their feelings and experiences, for the assimilation of socially significant rules and norms of behavior, but also on the development of a sense of community with other people, the formation of a positive attitude towards people as a whole. And such a task moral education of children in preschool Aged can solve the game. It is in the game that the baby meets various types of activities, mastering new social roles, improves communicative skills, learns to express their feelings and understand the emotions of other people, it turns out in a situation where cooperation and mutual assistance is necessary, accumulates the initial bank. moral representations and tries to correlate them with their actions, learns to follow the learned moral standards and independently make a moral choice.

Funds moral education

Moral education Determined by certain funds, among which it is necessary point: artistic agents; nature; own activities of children; communication; Environment.

1. Group of art tools: fiction, visual arts, music, cinema, etc. This group of products is very important in solving problems moral educationbecause it contributes to the emotional color of the known moral phenomena. Artistic means are most effective when forming in children of moral representations and epiphany feelings.

2. Actor moral education of preschoolers is nature. She can cause humane feelings in children, the desire to take care of those who are weaker who need help, protect them, contributes to the formation of self-confidence in their child. The impact of nature by moral The scope of the personality of children is multifaceted and with the appropriate pedagogical organization becomes a significant means education Feelings and behavior of a child.

3. Actor moral education of preschool children Is own activities children: game, work, teaching, artistic activities. Each type of activity has its own specifics by performing the function. education. But this agent is the activity as such - it is necessary, first of all, education of the practice of moral behavior.

A special place in this group of funds is given to communication. It like a means moral educationit is best to perform the tasks of adjusting ideas about morality and education of feelings and relationships

4. Tool moral education May be the entire atmosphere in which the child lives, the atmosphere can be impregnated by goodwill, love, humane or, on the contrary, cruelty, immorality.

Bibliography

1. E. A. Alyabyeva " Morally-Etical conversations and games with preschool children" - M., 2007.

2. Babansky Yu. K. "Pedagogy". - M., - 2008.

3. Bolotina L. R., Komarova T.S., Baranov S. P. " Preschool pedagogy: Tutorial For students of medium-sized pedagogical educational institutions. 2nd ed. ". - M.: Publishing Center "Academy", 2007

4. Bure R. S., Ostrovskaya L. F. « Educator and children» . - M., 2005.

5. Age and pedagogical psychology. // M. V. Matyukhina, T. S. Mikhalchuk, Prinos N. F., etc.; Under. ed. Gamezo M. V. and others. - M., 2008.

6. Education moral feelings from senior preschool children: 2nd ed. // Bure R. S., Godina G. N., Shatova A. D. et al.; Under. ed. Vinogradova A. M, 2008

7. Ermolaeva M. V., Zakharova A. E., Kalinina L. I., Naumova S. I. Psychological practice in the education system. - Voronezh: NGO "Fashion", 2008

8. Konstantinov N.. A., Medinsky E. N. History of pedagogy. M., -2010g.

9. Kozlova S. A., Kulikova T. A. Preschool pedagogy. - M., 2008.

10. ABC moral education / edged. I. A Kairova., O. S. Bogdanova. 3rd ed. -M. , Enlightenment, 2009.

11. Preschool Pedagogy / Kozlova S. A., Kulikova T. A., 2006

12. World of childhood. Preschooler / ed. A.V. Zaporozhets. - M., Pedagogy, 2007.

13. MENZHDERITSKAYA D.V. Educator about the children's game. - M., Enlightenment, 2008.

14. Moral education of preschooler / ed. V. G. Nechava. - M., Pedagogy, 2006.

Books for children by moral education.

1. "Boy - Star". Oscar Uald

2. Stories from "ABC" L. N. Tolstoy ( "Bone", "Girl and Mushrooms","Lion and dog", "Filipple" and etc.)

3. "Alyonushkina Fairy Tales" D. N. Mine-Siberian

4. Poems N. A. Nekrasova, V. V. Mayakovsky "What is good and what is bad"

5. Tales A. M. Gorky,

6. "Jadda" I am akim.

7. B. liquid "Owl", "On the ice",

8. Korshunov "Rides, hurry a boy",

9. S. Ya. Marshak "Unknown Hero

Borylovskaya "Our moms, our dads".

10. V. Oseev "Just an old woman", "Magic word"

11. I am Segel "How I was mom".

12. P. Voronko "Boy helping"

13. D. Gabe. "My family".

14. And Barto "Vovka - kind soul"

15. R. N. from. "Sister Alenushka and Brantz Ivanushka".

16. L. N. Tolstoy « old grandfather and granddaughters ".

17. E. Blaginina "Alenushka".

18. A. S. Pushkin "The Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish".

19. N. Nosov "Karasik", "On the hill", "Cucumbers", "Patch"

20. V. Kataev "Flower-seven flowers", "Dudge and pitcher"

21. M. Motherland"Mamina Hands".

22. E. Blaginina "Mother's day", "Sit in silence".

23. J. Rodari "What smelled crafts?"

24. E. Permyak "Mother's work"

25. V. Sukhomlinsky "My mom smells like bread".

26. L. Kvitko "Babushkina Hands".

27. S. Mikhalkov "What do you have?".

28. N. Nekrasov "Grandfather Mazay and Hares".

"There is no tradition without memory,

no tradition is not upbringing,

no culture without education,

no culture no spirituality

without spirituality there is no personality

without person, there is no people! "

Spiritual and moral education is one of the topical and most complex problems that should be solved today by all who relate to children. The fact that we will put in the soul of the child now will appear later, will become it and our lives. Today we are talking about the need to rebirth in the society of spirituality and culture, which is directly related to the development and education of the child to school.

As a child, the assimilation of social norms occurs relatively easy. Than younger childThe greater influence can be on his feelings and behavior. The awareness of the criteria of morality occurs much later than the moral feelings and the algorithm of social behavior are formed.

We, adults, should turn to the child's soul. Education of his soul is the creation of the foundation of the moral values \u200b\u200bof the future adult. But, obviously, the rational upbringing of morality that does not affect the emotions of the child will never lead to the desired result. Education, skills, skill can be purchased and later, but the basis of the best in humans - humanity is laid in exactly preschool age, the age of intensive development of feelings and interpersonal relationships.

It is known that the basis of spiritual and moral education is the culture of society, family and educational institution - the environment in which the child lives in which the formation and development occurs. Culture is, first of all, the value system attached in tradition. It is necessary to meet spiritual needs and finding higher values. Amazing and mysterious phenomenon of folk culture - holidays and rites. The roots of spiritual and moral education lie in Orthodoxy. All our moral values \u200b\u200bare from the New Testament: respect for parents and senior, love for neighbor and homeland, selflessness, sacrifice, modesty, honesty, tolerate, give up, forgive, etc.

Now the national memory is gradually returning to us, and we begin to refer to vintage holidays, traditions, folklore, art crafts, decorative and applied art, in which the people left us the most valuable from their cultural achievements, sifted through the sieve of centuries.

In addition, forgotten and not used in conversational speech, old Slavonic words and sayings are almost not used, the sayings, proverbs that are so rich Russian. In modern life, there are practically no objects of popular life found in folklore works. It is no secret that the representations of the graduates of the kindergarten about Russian culture were and remain fragmentary and superficial.

The surrounding items, first awakening the child's soul, bringing in it a sense of beauty, curiosity, should be national. This will help children from early age It is understood that they are part of the Great Russian People.

Folklore is the richest source of cognitive and moral development Children. In oral folk art, as anywhere, the special features of Russian character are preserved.

A large place in the admission of children to the traditional values \u200b\u200bof the folk culture should occupy folk holidays and tradition. They are focused on the finest observations of the characteristic peculiarities of the seasons, weather changes, behavior of birds, insects, plants. Moreover, these observations are directly related to the labor and various sides of the public life of a person.

As a result of the development of folk tradition, children will learn the history of their family, countries, cultural traditions of their edge: songs, games, counters, non-liberies, fishers, folk holidays.

The acquisition of children to the traditional values \u200b\u200bof the folk culture contributes to the development of their interest in popular culture, its spiritual values, humanism. The study of the calendar children's folklore is carried out through the participation of guys in folk rituals (Christmas (shints), Maslenitsa (Tuesday-ray), cornflower day (wildfield holiday), Petrov Day (Senokos), etc.). Folk ritual holidays are always associated with the game. Folk games are national wealth, and we must make them the property of our children.

So, folk traditions Nowadays, there must be a major place in the formation of a highly moral, cultural educational personality. Thanks to them in the available forms, in close and understandable material, children absorb the morals, the customs of the Russian people - the whole complex of spiritual values. The acquisition of children to the traditional values \u200b\u200bof folk culture is joy, it is a work that brings invaluable fruits.

Bibliography

1. Zagotadnova M., Gavrish N. Using small folklore forms // Doszhek. Education. - 1991.-№9.-C.16-22.2.
2. Zyazeva L.K. World of childhood in traditional culture. - Moscow, 1993

Download:

Preview:

Consultation for parents

Spiritual and moral education of preschoolers

Spiritual and moral education in kindergarten is an integral part of the comprehensive raising of the child, the necessary prerequisite for the revival of domestic culture; A qualitatively new step of spiritual and moral education in kindergarten is the integration of its content in the daily lives of children, in all types of children's activities and traditional methods of pre-school education.

Childhood is the development of all human strength, both spiritual and bodily, acquisition of knowledge of the world around the world, the formation of moral skills and habits. In preschool age, there is an active accumulation of moral experience, and appeal to spiritual life. Systematic spiritual and moral education of the child from the first years of life provides its adequate social development and harmonious formation of a person.

Purpose of education:

• Lay the foundations of a spiritual and moral personality with an active life position, the ability to perfection and harmonious interaction with other people.
• Educating in the children of mercy, compassion, the ability to take offense, the desire to help the needy, be tolerant, peaceful in relationships with everyone.
• Learning to be an example for others is not in words, but in fact, avoid evil, envy - we can be content with what you have, be able to ask for forgiveness, to be honest, never to do another thing that you do not want yourself.
• Promote the preservation of purity, chastity.
• Considerate interest in the study of Orthodoxy from educators and parents, thus discovering the path to spiritual improvement and knowledge of domestic culture.

Tasks:

• Educating patriotic feelings connecting different generations.
• Acqualing to ethical behaviors and self-discipline.
• Improve the artistic taste, develop the creative potential of each child.
• To form artistic and speech skills, replenish the dictionary of children.
• Educating spiritual and moral feelings, revealing the meaning of Orthodoxy in a person's life, as the action of love, good, humanity, unity.

Orient the family to the spiritual and moral education of children, familiarizing the parents with the basics of Orthodox pedagogy and

Psychology, the formation of ideas about the forms of family mistake.

The upbringing of a spiritual personality is possible only by the joint efforts of the family, educational institution and the state. One of the problems of modern education is that the historical continuity of generations is not respected in the process of education. Children are deprived of the opportunity to take an example from people who lived in the past, do not know from the point of view of which truths of past generations decided arising before them the problems that served for them the beacon and the source of creation.

Attempts to educate the cultivation of spiritual and moral personality show that the weakest, the place in this activity is the family. Many parents are simply unknown that it is in preschool age that the social norms, moral requirements and samples of behavior based on imitation occur. Therefore, it is necessary to help parents to realize (not impressing) that, first of all, in the family, moral spiritual values \u200b\u200band customs, honored and revered by ancestors should be maintained and transmitted and transmitted, and that it is the parents who are responsible for raising children.

A characteristic feature of work on the formation of a spiritual and moral attitude towards the cultural heritage and a sense of involvement is the introduction of children to peasant culture and everyday life. Peasant art enters life modern child Together with the folk song, fairy tale, the epic, so it is so close to him and understand. Teachers of our kindergarten together with parents, workers of museums help children get an idea of different types folk art and survive the attitude towards them in productive, gaming activities. The acquaintance of a child with folk art develops a taste and careful attitude towards the material values \u200b\u200bcreated by the preceding generations.

Optimal for spiritual and moral education in kindergarten is to conduct seasonal musical and gaming holidays: in the fall - "Fair"; Winter - " New Year"," Christmas "," shints "," Defenders of the Fatherland "," Maslenitsa "; In the spring, "Our Favorite", "Festival of Birds", "Easter", "No one is forgotten and nothing is forgotten," "Birch Names" (Trinity). Senior Preschool Children are an idea of \u200b\u200bthe material from which the objects of folk applied art are made. Pedagogues involve children in the process of manufacturing folk toys and other items, during which children acquire skills to work with artistic material and happing do it yourself pleasant and useful things for people. This work introduces children with a folk costume. This is very important, as it allows you to show the continuous connection of generations and the connection of the art of making a suit with the spiritual traditions of the people.

During the year I will introduce children with folk costumes. With senior preschoolers classify it according to accessories: festive, weekday; For women, girls; female Male. I will introduce the decor of a suit, materials of jewelry: pearls, beads, multicolored glass and others. I help children in the joyful range of colors to see beauty and try to portray it in productive creative activities. Children decorate the female people with a decor: a suit, a man's spray and others. (In the figure, appliqués.) The subject of the knowledge of the folk culture is the architecture as part of the folk art associated with traditional folk culture and the natural environment.

Children under 5 receive an idea of \u200b\u200ba wooden house with carved platbands and about a modern brick house. They compare the house of the great-grandmother and the house in which they live. Find a common between them and differences.

Senior Preschool Children get new knowledge: on the architecture of an ancient and modern city, (villages); About a rural chopped house, a terme painted; city \u200b\u200bhouse; Wooden thread; cult facilities (cathedrals, churches), their appearance And the decorations and others get acquainted with the proverb "Good work two centuries live." A person dies, and his case, made with love, remains long to live, his grandchildren, great-grandchildren.

Together with the parents, I will expand the range of children's admission to the oral folk creativity. Senior preschoolers introduce magical

fairy tales, aphorisms, proverbs, sayings, folk signs, heroic epic.

Natural child life satellite game, a source of joyful emotions, which has a great educational force. Therefore, in our work, we always appeal to the game: both didactic and folk. Folk games are an integral part of spiritual-moral education of preschoolers. They reflect the lifestyle of people, their work, life, national foundations, ideas about honor. The joy of movement is combined with spiritual enrichment of children. The peculiarity of the folk games is that they, having a moral basis, teach the baby to gain harmony with the outside world. The kids are formed a sustainable, interested, respectful attitude towards the culture of the native country, a positive basis for the development of spiritual and moral feelings is created. By content folk Games Laconic, expressive and available to a child. They cause the active work of thought, contribute to the expansion of the horizon, clarify the ideas about the environment. Folk games in the complex with other educational means are the basis for the formation of a harmoniously developed, active person who combines spiritual wealth and physical perfection. Before the game, we tell about the culture and the life of the people (Russian folk games "Gus-Swans", "Bear's Bear"; Khakassian folk game "Wolf in Otare", etc.)

Will unfair if we do not note the value didactic games In the formation of the spiritual and moral qualities of the preschooler. The feelings of respect and pride instase didactic games with the national flavor: "Decorate the clothes by the national pattern", "Slug's clothes", "House Masha and Gulchachchek", "Sort patterns", "Fort the mistake" (National dolls are not allowed). The dydactic game cycle in the native city helps to form a sense of love for their homeland based on the study of national cultural traditions. "Patterns native city"," Not mistaken "," Do you know? " (Celebrities of the city), "Travel around the city", "Where is the monument?" "Birds of our city", "collect a whole", "riddles about the city", "so it happens or not?" Help in the development of love for native land, pride belonging to this people. Lot verbal games We use when upbringing spiritual and moral feelings. For example, the games "delicious words" (a child with closed eyes determines who said polite word), "flower beautiful words"(Children insert their petals uttering the magic word)," Share a smile "," Polyana Goodness "," thorough neighbor "," My toy tells me "," I love your loved ones "(the child only shows the movements, as loves his loved ones) .

Games aimed at a friendly attitude to peer humane attitude to people

Game "Life in the Forest" The tutor (sits on the carpet, dissolving the children around him). Imagine that you ended up in the forest and speak different languages. But you need to somehow communicate with each other. How to do it? How to ask about anything, how to express your benevolent attitude, not saying a word? To ask a question, how are you, slanting your palm on the palm of the comrade (show). To answer that everything is fine, tilting my head to his shoulder; We want to express friendship and love - affectionately stroke on the head (show). Ready? Then they started. Now early morning, the sunshine looked out, you just woke up ... The next course of the teacher's teacher turns arbitrarily, watching children to talk to each other.

Game "ants" Educator (seeding children around him). Have any of you ever see an anthill in the forest, inside which day and night will boil life? Late in the fall, when the cold is coming, the ants gather together to fall asleep in their warm house. They sleep so hard that they are not afraid of snow, nor blizzard, no frost. The anthill wakes up with the onset of spring, when the first warm sunshine beams begin to break through the thick layer of the needles. But before starting the usual labor life, the ants rush a huge feast. I have such an offer: play the role of ants in the joyful day of the holiday. Let us show how the ants welcome each other, rejoicing the arrival of spring, as they say about what they have dreamed of all winter. Just do not forget that the ants do not know how to talk. Therefore, we will communicate with gestures. (The educator and children are played by the pantomime and actions a stated story, ending with his dance and dancing.)

Game "Good elves" Educator (sits on the carpet, dissolving children around him). Once upon a time, people, fighting for survival, were forced to work in the day and night. Of course, they were very tired. Good elves were cleared over them. With the onset of the night, they began to fly to people and, gently stroking them, affectionately good words. And people fell asleep. And in the morning full forces, with double energy was taken for work. Now we will play the role of the ancient people and good elves. Those who sits on the right hand from me will perform the roles of these workers, and those who are on the left, elves. Then we will change roles. So, the night came. People exhausted from fatigue continue to work, and the good elves arrive and burn them ... There is no wonderful action.

Game "Theater Shadows" Educator: Did you pay attention to how in a bright sunny day you have a reptile shadow, exactly repeating, copying all your movements? Whether you walk, run, jump - she is with you all the time. And if you go with someone or play, then your shadow, how to make friends with the shadow of your companion, again everything repeats everything, but not talking, without making a single sound. She does everything silently. Imagine that we are our shadows. We take a walk around the room, look at each other, try to talk with each other, and then we will build something from imaginary cubes together. But how? We will move quietly, without making a single sound. So, started! Together with adults, children are silently moving around the room, look at each other, greet hands. Then, according to his example, the tower is built from imaginary cubes. The success of the game depends on the fantasy of the teacher.

Game "Right Toys" Educator (sits on the carpet, dissolving children around him). You probably told or read fairy tales on how the toys come to life at night. Please close your eyes and imagine your favorite toy, imagine that she, waking up, does at night. Presented? Then I suggest you to play the role of your favorite toys and get acquainted with the rest of the toys. Only again, all our actions perform silently so as not to wake up the elders. And after the game, let's go to guess which toy I portrayed. So we use didactic and folk games in the education of spiritual and moral qualities at the preschooler. Estimated result: In childhood, the divine fire will warm the soul and the heart of the child. He will suffer to him. With the help of systematic work on spiritual and moral education, on the basis of Orthodoxy, I hope to achieve the following results:

stability of behavior skills;

formation of the basics of the value of the personality;

mental stability;

the integrity of the perception of the world;

education of a comprehensive and harmoniously developed personality;

the formation of a collective, where everyone is self-terminated, and all arrive in harmony with each other;

development of ability to self-improvement and independent creativity;

The main result, which I would very hope to hope, is the assimilation by the child of eternal values: mercy, beloved, in his desire for good and rejection of evil.

Moral education of the child.

Everything begins with childhood. Education of morality begins with the cradle. When a mother smiles at the child, he rejoices him - this is the upbringing of the deepest morality, his friendly attitude towards the world. Next, kindergarten, then school. The central figure in society, from which his future depends - these are teachers who are still wisdom in the book. Only high culture can combine us.

And in every era, your own style, each society has its own rules of behavior, but there are values \u200b\u200bof universal and precisely and it is based on their basis a culture of any people develop. An integral part of the culture is etiquette, folding for centuries, caring its roots in the sphere of morality.

First of all, the child from the small years should be instilled ethricted. The child is everywhere and respect the society as a whole and each of his member separately treat them as it treats himself and that others also belonged to him. The rule is very simple, but alas? In everyday practice, human relations are far from all and not always carried out. Meanwhile, the culture of human relations, the communication of people between them is played important role in life. If a child, it turns out to communicate culturally with close, familiar, he will also behave and completely with unfamiliar people.

Moral education is one of the relevant and most complex problems that should be solved by all who are related to children. The fact that we will put in the soul of the child now will appear later, will become it and our lives. As a child, the assimilation of social norms occurs relatively easy. Preschool age - the period of active knowledge of peace and human relationships. The younger child, the greater influence you can have on his feelings and behavior.

The formation of the foundations of the culture of behavior begins with the very first years of the child's life. He, imitating an adult man, begins to master the main norms of communication. A rather stable forms of behavior may be raised to the older preschool age, the attitude towards the surroundingly learned moral standards and the rules.

Under favorable public and family education The child of senior preschool age is brightly manifested by a sense of attachment to peers, an educator, d / garden. Children are friendly with others, easily come into communication, kind, sensitive, carefully to adult comments, are able to sharpen them. Approval of their actions perceive with joy and express readiness to do even better.

Characteristic of children of senior preschool age is the emerging social orientation. It is also manifested in real children's relationships, and in their statements, and in the assessment of the actions of peers, and in general orientation joint activity All members of the children's team. The guys of this age begins to develop public opinion, which a teacher can rely on a certain extent. Children may condemn the behavior of peers - their selfish actions, unfair attitude to business - and express the approval of the good behavior of the comrade.

The amount of skills and skills makes it possible to support the overall order in the day, the text of the life of the family, at home, in establishing the correct relationship between the child with adults and peers. These skills associated with personal tidiness and accuracy, cleanliness of clothing, shoes; With the culture of food (the behavior at the table, the ability to use cutlery); with culture of behavior with adults and with peers (houses, in the courtyard, on the street, in public places, in DS); with the culture of the game, training sessions, the fulfillment of labor duties; With the culture of speech (form of circulation, culture of the dictionary, tone, speech tempo).

In the process of forming a culture of behavior in children of senior preschool, participate simultaneously and educational institution and family. Education of the culture of behavior provides for a mandatory connection with the upbringing of children in the family, coordinating the efforts of the teacher and parents. It is very important for teachers to find methods that allow you to establish close contacts with your family in order to ensure unity in educating the culture of behavior.

A certain contradiction was developed: despite the fact that the culture of the behavior of children has always paid much attention to the psychological and pedagogical literature, the problem of education of the culture of the behavior of preschool children remains is still relevant and not developed.

Currently, the problem of moral education of children of preschool age, in my opinion, is the most relevant, because coming to school, the first-grader should not only have reading skills, letters and accounts, but also to be able to communicate, adapt, listen, hear and understand.

Moral education of the child is an important factor in the formation of his personality. So, there are positive changes in society, and reducing immorality in the country in the very near future.

Chupikov Margarita
Consultation for parents for the moral education of children "Education of honesty in preschool children"

« Education of honesty and truthfulness in preschool children».

Parenting inextricably linked with pedagogical enlightenment parents. Exactly parents The foundations of the nature of the child are laid, the features of its relationship with the surrounding people are formed. Each family in its own way determines the process educationBut each, by virtue of different circumstances, and albeit in varying degrees, need qualified pedagogical care.

Not everyone parent Takes this help. And the task of the teacher directly observing the child and knowing his problem, attract parent to cooperate. Or at least bring it to the knowledge and understanding of the pedagogical principles. Forms of work with family for pedagogical education are varied.

This article will talk about education of honesty and truthfulness in preschool children.

Let's talk about honesty.

- HonestyThe truthfulness is important to form from the earliest years. The whole setting of kindergarten and family, the nature of the relationship of adults with children should contribute raising them honesty and truthfulness. Be honest And the truthful - it means to openly declare your opinion, desire to do in accordance with him, to admit to a perfect act, not afraid of punishment, although experiencing a feeling of awkwardness and guilt. The kids are open and simple, they are not prone to sick and deceive. The truthfulness and immediacy are shown in actions, judgments, estimates, in frank statements. That is why the earlier the child will master the concepts moralityMoreover, it is likely that he will retain straight nature and sincerity.

- Honesty is open, sincere attitude towards people and things.

What are the causes of children's lies?

The manifestation of lies is most often a forced act in response to the wrong action adults:

Fear of punishment for the act

The desire to shift his guilt on another child,

The desire to receive an undesumed award.

For example, my father promised to buy a toy son, provided if he follows his suit. A child who is passionate about the game with sand, stained a suit. The desire to get the toy was so great that prompted him to deception: In response to the reproach, he assures him pushed him.

If a child honestly admittedthat he took the toy from the peer, as she was very necessary for him, but in response to this the educator punished it, such an impact is accepted by him as unfair and encourages in the future to resort to lies.

Pliziness should be distinguished from those cases when the child fantasies.

Fantasizing, the baby expresses sometimes the desires that are not available to him in life. That is why he often gives the desired for the actual, without having the slightest intention fool: easily comes up with stories in which he is important actor; Talks about the adventures where he looks brave and smart, resourceful and clever.

I am the strongest! - Approves a 5-year-old fantasist. The thirst for self-affirmation, developing a sense of self-esteem, the desire to look strong, brave, and therefore be recognized in society comrades pushing him into obvious exaggerations.

A task educator in this situation, not offending the child, sparing his pride, not destroying his dreams, give understand: It is clear to everyone when he correctly transmits events, and when it distorts them, that is, it is delicately showing - the fiction does not believe. The child does not say "you invent!", "This is not true!" "Do not lie!" or offensive "lying!" Open distrust humiliates his self-esteem in it, especially if such wording is pronounced in the presence of comrades.

Is it possible to distrust raise truthfulness?

Children often act under the influence feelings: had seen - i liked it - I wanted - took; What to break up S. liked the thing is higher than their capabilities - they cannot overcome the desire for the effort of will; that they do not know many social concepts. It is difficult for a child to understand why the found thing is returned to the owner. "What I found is mine," children decide. In this role is played by the proverb that the children heard "that fell, it was gone" and believe that the one who found and is not considered the next owner.

Psychologist L. Naumov in the book "Year after year" notes: 4-year-old child: The concept of "right to property" is very peculiar: He believes that he belongs to everything he sees. For him, "hold in your hands" - I don't care what "own". The toy taken from the other, "belongs to him, because he is playing with her now. Therefore, he can put it in his pocket and carry home. "Indeed, some people sometimes take home toys from the garden or any other thing.

What do you think the child is valid?

1. Took the thing because she is very liked it And wants to play with her or show close.

2. In a group, few toys, children, favorite toys hide.

Among the elders preschool children There are cases of conscious assignment of things or violation of rules in games, in relations with each other. And all for the purpose of personal gain, leadership. If the child made it dishonest act for the first time, the tutor is tactfully explained: "You're good, and did it bad. Could it be? (i.e. emphasized: Negative Act - Accident)". Shaim, discuss the act with all or punish a child for a lie or dishonest The act of pedagogically is wrong, as the next time, trying to avoid punishment, the child will start more and more sophisticated in deception.

-:The teacher noticedHow Kirill's sneakman put a small figure of a soldier in his pockets. She did not hurry with the comment, because perhaps the boy, playing the toy, put it in place. But after a walk there is nothing it turned out:.

How to fix the child and at the same time not offend him with suspicion of the intention of the act?

Only knowing the true cause that prompted the child to conceal the truth or to take someone else will help educator Determine your action in each case.

Certainly: child in force psychological features may be wrong, but always able to resist the temptation, sometimes even trying to do "samples" in dishonest deeds. Duty educator anticipate misconduct, help the child to hold on manifestations dishonesty.

: Six-year Natasha broke the book and tries to imperceptibly put it on the shelf. How to treat her?

Sharpen, saying that the panties do so dishonest people? No, in chading the child's pride, it is better to help him avoid dishonest act.

Natasha, do not put the book on the shelf. Put it yet separately, and then forget to put it down, - I will notice calmly educator.

The girl pulls his hand from the shelf. Confused. BUT educator, as if noticing her condition, he speaks:

In the evening will certainly re-book a book. And then put it together with others. Remember, please, never be afraid to confess if something inadvertently broke, broke or spoiled. Honest Children always talk about it openly.

From educator Regulatory control requires children, Especially for those inclined to the actions of the model. But the child should not feel bonding control. Otherwise, the child will tell the truth if he knows that they can check.

What do you think, contributes to the formation of honesty and Truthful Children? What is the situation to prevail in kindergarten and at home?

It helps to establish the situation of sincerity and confidence in them, attention to their requests and their own promises. It is necessary to approach all the manifestations dishonesty.

By organizing the life of the guys in kindergarten, guiding their various activities, educator affects their behavior and relationships, moral development in general, for truthfulness, honesty Do not form isolated from the moral basis of the person. It is together with the expanding circle moral submissions children are more deeply understood what it means to be truthful, honest in action.

This is facilitated by the rules that orient them, how to do under the laws of conscience. so:

Toys and kindergarten things belong to all children;

In the distribution of roles in games, in establishing the order whether honest and fair;

Follow the rules of the game;

Any order do conscientiously;

Gave the word - keep him;

Thieme openly admit in his fault, do not shift the blame on another;

Do not take someone else's demand;

Broke the toy, openly admit educator.

Trying to achieve children meaningfulness and sustainability in rules the educator reveals their moral essence. (You did not admit, and because of this might think on the other.)

And in this regard, an invaluable assistant is fiction. On the examples of fiction and life situations, as well as relying on the desire of the preschooler be good, the educator leads to children To very important concepts: good man honesttruthful, fair; is he honest and conscientious in labor; Fair and truthful in relations with people at work and at home. Good children come in the same way.

These rules will be a life rule regulating actions children, if a educator relies on their sensual experience: Any rule, emotionally experienced, is comprehended more deeply. In this regard, conversations for ethical topics are of particular importance. Educator can put children Before solving ethical tasks, based on specific situations available to them.

What situations can offer children educator?

Crucial role in education of honesty, truthfulness plays a positive experience, mainly acquired by children in everyday life - In games, in class, in working duties.

A task parents - to educate in children squeezing to lies, as something forbidden, ugly, degrading human dignity.

« Moral and patriotic education of preschool children»

The importance of the child's admission to the culture of their people is written a lot, since the appeal to the father's heritage rESPIDING respect, Pride for the land where you live. Therefore, children need to know and study the culture of their ancestors. It is the emphasis on the knowledge of the history of the people, his culture will help in the future with respect and interest in the cultural traditions of other peoples.

Moral and patriotic education The child is a complex pedagogical process. It is based on the development moral feelings.

Concept « Motherland» Includes all the conditions life: territory, climate, nature, organization of public life, features of the language and life, but it is not reduced to them. Historical, spatial, racial communication of people leads to the formation of their spiritual similarity. Similarities in spiritual life contributes to communication and interaction, which in turn generates creative efforts and achievements that attach a particular originality of culture.

Feeling Motherland. It begins in a child with a relationship to the family, to the closest people - to mother, father, grandmother, grandfather. These are roots connecting it with his home and the nearest environment.

Feeling Motherland Begins with admiration for what he sees a baby in front of him, which he amazes and what causes a response in his soul. And although many impressions are not yet realized to them deeply, but, missing through children's perceptionThey play a huge role in the formation of the Patriot's personality.

Russia - motherland for many. But in order to consider himself her son or daughter, it is necessary to feel the spiritual life of his people and creatively approve himself in it, to adopt Russian, the history and culture of the country as their own. However, national pride should not be expressed in stupid self-conceit and complacency. This Patriot is studying on historical mistakes of his people, on the disadvantages of his character and culture. Nationalism leads to mutual hatred, extraction, cultural status.

"The Russian people should not lose their moral Auscient among other peoples - authority, worthy of Russian art, literary conquered by Russian art. We should not forget about our cultural past, about our monuments, literature, language, painting ...

National differences will continue in the 21st century, if we are concerned educating souls, not just the transfer of knowledge. "

That is why native culture, as a father and mother, should become an integral part of the child's soul, the beginning that gives the person.

IN moral and patriotic education An example of adults is of great importance, especially close people. On concrete facts from the life of senior family members (grandparents and grandparents Patriotic War , their front and labor feats) must be instilled in children such important concepts as "Duty to front Motherland» , "love to Fatherland» , "Hate to the enemy", "Labor feat" etc. It is important to bring the child to understanding that we won because we love our depression, Motherland honors his heroeswho gave life for the happiness of people. Their names are immortalized in the names of cities, streets, squares, in their honor The monuments are erected.

Spiritual, creative patriotism must be vaccinated with early childhood. But like any other feeling, patriotism is gained independently and experienced individually. He is directly connected with the personal spirituality of man, its depth.

Now the national memory is gradually returning to us, and we begin to treat old holidays in a new way, traditions, folklore, art crafts, decorative and applied arts, in which the people left us the most valuable from their cultural achievements, sifted through the sieve of centuries.

1. The surrounding items that first awaken the soul of the child, raising It is a sense of beauty, curiosity, should be national. It will help children from the earliest age understandthat they are part of the Great Russian People.

2. It is necessary to widely use all types of folklore (fairy tales, songs, proverbs, sayings, conceives, etc.). In oral folk creativity As anywhere, the special features of the Russian nature are preserved inherent moral values, ideas about good, beauty, truth, courage, diligence, loyalty. Familiar children with sayings, riddles, proverbs, fairy tales, we are thereby introducing them to universal moral values. In Russian folklore, some particularly combined the word, musical rhythm, observance. Addressable for children of fun, booms, the shafts sound like gentle talk, expressing care, tenderness, faith in a prosperous future. In proverbs and sayings, various life positions are not rated, flaws are raised, praising positive quality people.

Special place in the works of oral folk creativity occupy respectful attitude towards work, admire the skill of human hands. Due to this, folklore is the richest source of cognitive and moral development of children.

3. Great place in the admission children Folk culture should occupy folk holidays and traditions. They are focused on the finest observations of the characteristic peculiarities of the seasons, weather changes, behavior of birds, insects, plants. Moreover, these observations are directly related to the difficulty and various sides of the person's social life in all their integrity and manifold.

4. It is very important to familiarize children With folk decorative painting. She, captive the soul of harmony and rhythm, is able to captivate the guys by national visual arts.

Summarizing said, it can be concluded that the educational goal of the program is to comply children All types of national art - from architecture to painting, from dance, fairy tales and music to the theater. It is this that seems to us a strategy for the development of a personal culture of a child as the basis for his love for Motherland.

Raise a patriot of their homeland - responsible and complex task, the solution of which in preschool childhood just begins. Systematic, systematic work, use of a variety of means education, the common efforts of kindergarten and family, adult responsibility for their words and deeds can give positive results and become the basis for further work on patriotic education.

« Moral education of preschoolers in the family»

The urgent task is currently being education in preschoolers of moral and volitional qualities: Independence, Organizations, perseverance, responsibility, discipline.

Formation morally- Water sphere is an important condition for comprehensive education of the child's personality. From how will pupil preschooler in moral and volitional termsIt depends not only to its successful schooling, but also the formation of a life position.

Underestimation of importance education of volitional qualities From an early age leads to the establishment of improper relations of adults and children, to excessive care of the latter, which can cause laziness, disconciliation children, uncertainty in their forces, low self-esteem, dependency and egoism.

Observations show that many parents Infections the underestimation of volitional opportunities children, distrust of their forces, the desire to patronize. Often, children showing independence in kindergarten in the presence parents They become helpless, unsure, are lost in the event of difficulties in solving settlement tasks. Adult family members are worried about the problems of preparing a child to school, but they are primarily interested in their social preparation issues - learning to read, account, writing, and education of such qualitieslike independence, perseverance, responsibility, organization, parents Do not attach great importance.

It is known that moral education Family belongs a leading role. For a normal well-being family, the atmosphere of related emotional ties, saturation, the immediacy and openness of the manifestations of love, care and experiences are characteristic of the immediacy. The most great influence of this atmosphere for a child in preschool age. Baby especially needs love and affection parentsHe has a huge need to communicate with adults that the family most fully satisfies. Love parents to the child, their concern for him is caused by the baby response response, make it especially susceptible to moral Installations and requirements of mother and father.

If the child is surrounded by love, he feels that he loves no matter what he is, it causes his feeling of security, the feeling of emotional well-being, he is aware of the value of his own "I". All this makes his open good, positive influence.

Respect for the identity of the child, recognition of his value inner worldHis needs and interests contribute education He has self-esteem. A man deprived of this feeling will allow itself, and to humiliate other, to allow injustice. Self-esteem helps the child correctly evaluate their actions and acts of others in terms of their humanity: Himself is sharply feeling humiliation or injustice, it can imagine how it hurts it to another.

The idea of \u200b\u200byourself, respect or disrespect for yourself, that is, self-esteem is formed in a child in the process of communicating with adults that evaluate it positively or negatively. Particularly significant for the kid is the assessment by those adults who relate to him with trust and respect. The assessment must record the child's attention not only on how he did - good or bad, but also on what consequences it has for other people. So gradually the child learns to focus in his behavior on how his act on others will affect.

Much attention to the development of the kid moral The feelings have reading fairy tales, stories, which describes the struggle of positive and negative characters. The child comongs to the successes and failures of the hero and his friends, wishes the victory hotly. So his idea of \u200b\u200bgood and evil is formed, attitude to moral and immoral.

Children, who, at the top of school, are not developed, the ability to actively act to achieve the goal, independently perform everyday requirements and solve new tasks, to exercise perseverance in overcoming difficulties, cannot often organize themselves to fulfill the tasks of the teacher. This negatively affects the academic work and the behavior of the first grader, it becomes the cause of its impossibility, not visualing.

The desire of the younger is known preschoolers for independence. It acquires moral The meaning in the activity in which the baby shows his attitude towards others. This is not only the performance of individual adult orders, but also its self-service activities. The baby is not yet aware that the first his labor activity is necessary for himself and others, since the mastery of the right skills allows him to do without assistance, not difficult to other people care about yourself. The child still does not understand what he is making care about them. Such a motive of the Labor preschooler It is formed only under the influence of adults. Mastering self-catering skills allows the child to provide real help to other children, requires it of certain efforts to achieve the desired result and contributes to the development of perseverance.

Thus, mastering younger preschool children Self-service skills - effective tool education of such moral and volitional qualitieslike independence and perseverance.

Family has favorable conditions for attracting a child preschooler to work. Labor orders that the child performs in the family is more diverse than in kindergarten, and the need to fulfill them is more obvious (especially in household and manual labor). The work of adults in the family has a special influence on the kid.

Characterized by labor motives children in the family: love to parents And other family members, the desire to take care of them, help, deliver joy to them. In the family, children are often happy to deal with the types of labor that are not very common in children's garden: laundry laundry, washing and wiping dishes, participate in cooking, buying products, etc. Favorable family conditions have a positive effect on labor education of children and their moral and volitional development.

Analyzing answers parents, It can be concluded that in the first place among the elders performed in the family preschool children Types of labor is self-service, on the second - cleaning toys and premises, the rest of the work occupy a slight place.

Using the work of B. as a means of moral education, parents It is necessary to analyze the motives that encourage the child to perform this type of labor. Create the most effective for the child's motive - it means to call him the volitional efforts, send them to those goals, the achievement of which adult considers it useful for moral development of preschooler.