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Test " Folk holidays at the time of the autumnal equinox " The world, "Perspective", grade 2 © teacher early. cl. GBOU SOSH №307 S-Pb Dmitrieva A.V., 2018

2. Choose the correct statement: A. On the day of the autumnal equinox, the day is longer than the night. B. On the day of the autumnal equinox, the day is shorter than the night. C. On the day of the autumnal equinox, day is equal to night.

3. What did the peasants celebrate on the eve of the autumnal equinox A. End of the harvest B. Start of sowing C. Day of Knowledge

4. Which one Christian holiday did the peasants celebrate on the eve of the autumnal equinox? A. Easter B. Nativity of the Virgin C. Christmas

(On the eve of the day of the autumnal equinox) 5.

6. What are the similarities between the celebration of the autumn equinox among farmers, hunters and reindeer herders? A. Everyone on this day renewed the fire in the huts. B. Everyone thanked nature that day. Q. On that day, everyone was organizing a big hunt.

7. Why on the eve of the equinox did they extinguish the fire in the stove, icon lamps, lights? A. For economic reasons B. It was already hot and light C. The tradition of renewing fire passed down from generation to generation the skills to make fire.

9. What people celebrate Hololo at the time of the autumnal equinox? A. Koryaks B. Nanaitsy V. Tatars

9. What people live in the east between Chukotka and Kamchatka? A. Koryaks B. Nanaitsy V. Tatars

10. What people live in the Amur region? A. Koryaks B. Nanaitsy V. Tatars

On the subject: methodological developments, presentations and notes

Lesson on the surrounding world "Russian folk holidays in Ancient Rus".

The purpose of the lesson: to introduce children to the traditions of folk holidays. While playing, children get acquainted with Russian ceremonial holidays - Maslenitsa, Easter, Christmas ...

"Drawing autumn leaves" - The main veins of the leaf. Note other, smaller veins. Imagine wearing a crown on top of each of the main veins. The drawing is complete. I. I. Levitan "Golden Autumn". Isaak Ilyich LEVITAN (1860-1900) - Russian painter, draftsman, landscape painter. Sketchbook. I.I. Levitan "Golden Autumn".

"Autumn Leaves" - Determine what sounds can be heard in the autumn park. Musical score: [c]: dry, leaves. dull; [w]: rustle, whisper. Use color palette, which was compiled in the lesson. Artist - Domnikova M. Ye. Zhostovsky tray "Autumn motive". Autumn leaves in the works of the Zhostovo masters.

"Autumn composition" - Winter is coming soon! In autumn, all leaves turn red, yellow, brown colors... The leaves turn yellow and fall from the trees to the ground. "Autumn parachutist". In the park alley there were birches, maples, lindens and occasionally spruce trees. One fall I went for a walk in the park. Leaves in honor of the arrival of autumn arrange a carnival.

"Autumn bouquet" - Economic effect-665 rubles. Work planning. Analysis of the problem. Floristic material-0r. The cost of purchasing materials: Cardboard-10r. Study legends, traditions. Disadvantages identified at the end of the work. Use Moment glue during work. In the "PAPER PLASTIC" technique. "Autumn Bouquet". Creative project.

"Autumn Forest" - Expressive possibilities of graphic materials. Genealogical tree colors and paints. Pushkin Museum. Fine art lesson. Edgar Degas "Blue Dancers" Pastel. 1897-1899 years. Pastel master. Edgar Degas. " Autumn forest". Pastel. Representative of Impressionism. Colour pencils. Moscow. French painter, graphic artist and sculptor.

“Autumn Changes in Nature” - Did all the birds fly south? Observing changes in nature. Where do rowan berries disappear in winter? Autumn changes in nature "Autumn - weather eight". Preparation of students' works for the exhibition. Autumn is coming ... Look at the trees! Autumn landscape... Autumn colors. Autumn. Goals and objectives of the project: Excursion to the park.

The traditions of our ancestors.

Completed work:

student of grade 3b MBOU SOSH

Ivanova Albina and

student 4a Kuznetsova Daria

Supervisor:

teacher primary grades

O. V. Kuznetsova

Purpose of work:

understand how Russians are combined in our culture folk traditions with Orthodox and with an astrological calendar.

Tasks:

1. get to know the astrological calendar

2. find out the peculiarities of rituals and customs associated with the meeting of spring (Feast of the Larks);

3. study the basis Orthodox holiday"Magpies";

Day of spring equinox

March 22nd astrological calendar"The day of the spring solstice." On this day, the paths of the Earth and the Sun intersect, and the day is equal to the night. Only on the days of equinoxes the rays of the Sun fall on the Earth at right angles to the axis of its rotation ..

Holiday "Larks": history and customs.

• On the vernal equinox- March 22 - the ancient slavic holiday"Larks", which many do not remember anymore and very few people know at all. And this is very sad, because this holiday has its own interesting meaning, its own history and its own customs. Where did he come from and why is he so remarkable?

It was believed that on this day larks return to their homeland, and other migratory birds fly after them.

"Lark plows the sky." "The lark brought forty birds with him."

"I saw a starling - spring is at the porch."

"How many thawed spots - so many larks."

"Winter ends - spring begins!"

On this day, it was customary to "call out" the spring

• Callouts

• Fly larks Drive the white winter away! Ghouls are ghouls. Drive the white winter away, Summon the red spring! Ghouls are ghouls.

• Lark, lark Take your winter, And give us the spring.

Take yourself a sleigh

Give us the cart

Larks

• Early in the morning, the hostesses baked grouse cookies - a symbol of the sun and health; birds "larks", round gingerbread and koloboks.

"Larks flew in - sat on the head."

Larks were handed out to children with the obligatory accompanying words: "Larks flew in - sat on their heads." Thus, the children were blessed and had every right to expect good health and happiness in the coming year.

But the ceremonial functions of dough larks were not limited to this.

By the meeting of spring, it was customary for our ancestors to make with their own hands dolls

- Spring doll .

-Dolls "Martinichek » .

-Doll "Bird Joy"

The Suffering of the Saints 40 Martyrs of Sebastia He who believes in me, even if he dies, will come to life .

The holiday of the Lark began to be called also "Magpies". On this day Orthodox Church commemorates the memory of the forty martyrs of Sebastia.

These were Christian soldiers who were martyred for their faith in Christ. In 320, in the city of Sevastia, the commander of the garrison, the pagan Agricolaus, commanded all his soldiers to make sacrifices to idols. Forty people refused, saying that they are Christians and worship only God. Agricolaus dealt cruelly with the disobedient. The Church canonized the martyrs.

"Larks" had nothing to do with the warriors, but the number of forty firmly rooted in the holiday. "The lark brought forty birds with him."

Quiz with answers about the world around "Folk holidays at the time of the autumn equinox" for younger students

author Lyapina Vera Valerievna primary school teacher MBOU secondary school number 47 city district of Samara
Description This material can be used by primary school teachers to consolidate and test knowledge on this topic in primary school.
Target Checking and consolidating the knowledge gained at the lesson of the surrounding world on the topic "Folk holidays at the time of the autumn equinox"
Tasks:
- to systematize and generalize the knowledge of students on the topic: "Autumn", to broaden the horizons of children on this topic;
- develop cognitive interest in students; develop logical thinking, memory and speech of students during extracurricular activities;
- to instill love for their homeland, its traditions, rituals.

Quiz

Autumn is parting with summer,
She sometimes cries, then laughs,
Then suddenly it will rain
Then suddenly the sun will flood everything,
Equinox of nature
Variety of weather!
Day today is equal to night
Tomorrow it will be shorter
But this is tomorrow, and now,
With the equinox of all of you!
And although nature is fading away,
Don't let it scare you
She needs to rest too
Gain new strength, take a nap,
And I, in the autumn bad weather,
I wish you LOVE and HAPPINESS!
1 What Christian holiday coincides with the end of the harvest?
(Nativity of the Virgin - September 8)
Hail, Holy Virgin,
Hail, joyful mother,
In your honor, as in spring May,
The sun will shine!

2. What is the name of the harvest festival?
(Spozhenka or mistress)
"We lived, lived, the Lady met, Loaf rested, Tolokna visited, Guests were treated, they prayed to God!" - this is how our ancestors used to say, celebrating the last day of the harvest - Spozhinki.

3.What was placed under the icons in the red corner of the hut?
(Ribbed last sheaf from the field)

4.How did the women welcome Mother Osenina?
(We went to the banks of rivers, lakes, ponds with freshly ground oat bread. The bread was broken and distributed to everyone present)

Today we celebrate harvest day
And let everyone know about it
We will treat guests, friends,
We will come up with a lot of ideas!
After all, the Osenins are a very tasty day,
We are not too lazy to cook.
We congratulate all the guests today,
Hurry to sit down at the table, we invite!
5. What is the name of the special doll in the form of a bag of grain from the new crop?
(Grain and the Rich Man)

My grains!
Sergey Stakheev
She has been deprived of dolls since childhood,
Beads and brooches ...
I took half a kilo of millet
And a polka dot flap.

And let's get on with our business,
The result is on the shelf ...
But first I took
A rag with a needle.

Without haste and evil,
There is no place for boredom ...
Tied two knots
And the doll has hands.

GRAINS have no legs,
There is no mouth, no ears ...
Loves their people and God
All my simpletons.
6. What did they do in every home before the Nativity of the Virgin?
(They extinguished the fire in the stove and icon lamps)

7. What did the men do before the Nativity of the Virgin?
(They walked outside the village and made fire in the ancient way: rubbed one piece of wood against another. Then they brought a new fire to the village. And in every house a fire in the stove lit up again.)

8.What are the fine days in mid-September called?
(Indian summer)

9. What holiday is celebrated on September 27?
(Exaltation)

10. On what day do the cranes gather in the swamp to keep an agreement on which way to fly to the warm waters?
(September 13)

11. When does mountain ash celebrate its name day?
(23 September)
The mountain ash has palms
Kissed by the rains
Flame crumbs of berries
On the branches and under your feet.
The young girl has fun
Sparrows lively flock.
The wind blows from the left, from the right,
And she is correct. Simple ...
The beauty has care -
Feed the feathered guests.
And greet them hunting.
The rich prepare a feast for them.
The rowan has bright beads,
Is it a princess, princess?
Affectionate winds wind
Nearby, not without interest.
The mountain ash has a path.
Who will pass - will say thank you.
For warmth and good temper.
It is not more beautiful today.
Borina M.

12. What is the name of the week after the Nativity of the Virgin?
(Onion week. Women remove onions and bees from apiaries)

13. What is the name of the day of shearing of the sheep?
(Guseprolet, hussar, September 28)

14.Youth parties that have been held since September 26?
(Skits)
It was in the garden, too empty
We have planted cabbage.
One two Three,
Now look!
Lady, what is it
Was here over the summer!
As if she had returned from a ball
I wore so many dresses!
And a cabbage stump,
Both girls and boys
They love to crunch very much -
Look for a sight!
Poletaeva A.

In the nature of all things it is already so,
What has increased somewhere, the same amount has disappeared.
Whether it's speed, weight, or money, it's all the same
And we all knew about it, too.

The day is decreasing, the night is already growing
And the time comes to compare them.
Autumn countdown begins
And in a year everything will happen again.

And the equinox will give us again
All colors of autumn on a September page.
And astronomers will repeat
About the sun with a war chariot.
Autumn day that brings us
Celestial luminaries equal light
He will ask for gratitude
And the new one will give you a covenant.

The beautiful season is coming
He is beautiful with a golden leaf,
The poet falls into thoughtfulness,
Nature hears a sweet groan.

Today is such a wonderful day
The Chinese celebrate Higan
And in Russia they bake the famous
Cabbage pie for the Slavs.
On a clear day, autumn leaves
The wind will rise up in an instant,
Virgin of the Most Pure
Folding face in the sky.

Rins of the day folk calendar Slavs and the rite of completion of the harvest. By mid-August, the grain harvest ends, hence the name of the holiday. Obzhinka is characteristic primarily of the East and West Slavic traditions; among the southern Slavs, the holiday of the end of the harvesting of grain was shifted to the period of grain threshing

Vyzhanka At the end of the summer, on the farm, where the field has not yet been harvested, it is consumed with cleanliness (volunteer helpers). The last sheaf is reaped in silence, so as not to disturb the spirit of the field, which moves into it. According to an old custom, a small part of uncut ears is left on the squeezed field, tying them with a ribbon and curling a "beard"

Autumn is the day of the folk calendar of the Eastern Slavs, which falls on September 21. The holiday is dedicated to the harvested harvest, fertility and family well-being. By this time, field work is completed. The foundation of family well-being has been laid on next year... On this day, the Mother of God was honored and thanked for the harvest. It is believed that she gives prosperity, patronizes agriculture, family and especially mothers. In some places there are commemorations for the dead, like on Dmitrievskaya Saturday.

Kindling fire It was believed that from September 21, the end of summer comes and autumn comes into its own. They said about this day: "Every summer, amen." The meeting of autumn in some localities is marked by the renewal of the fire hut: the old fire is extinguished and a new one is lit, which is obtained by striking a flint or rubbing a tree.

Honoring Women Early in the morning, a woman and girls went out to the banks of rivers, lakes and ponds to meet Mother Osenina with bread and jelly. Senior woman stands with bread, and the young around her sing songs. After that, they break the bread into pieces according to the number of people and feed them to livestock.

Funeral of flies On this day, in some places, the rite of "burial of flies" is held. A caught fly (cockroach, mosquito, wasp) is placed in a carrot domina, solemnly taken to a vacant lot and buried in a grave, which means the numbness of insects and the Earth during the coming winter.