Topic 1. SIGNS AND PROPERTIES OF OBJECTS

Absolutely all objects around us have signs and properties. What is the attribute of an object?

The feature of an object is a distinctive property of an object. For example: a green car: a car is an object, and a green one is a sign, a property that distinguishes it from other similar items (for example, from a red car).

Objects differ in color, in shape, in size, in purpose, in smell, in the material of which they are made, and in other characteristics. To determine the attribute of an object, you can ask the question: what is it?

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And the first thing we need to repeat is the colors of the rainbow.

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Now name as many items as you can:

a) red;

b) green;

c) black;

d) blue.

Look carefully at the picture and tell me which vegetables and fruits are colored incorrectly. How would you color them?

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What shape are objects? Round, square, what else?

Name as many items as you can:

a) round;

b) oval;

c) square;

d) rectangular.

Look closely at the table. Which of the fruits and vegetables lying on it are of the same shape as shown in the diagram: and of this color:?

The next important attribute of an item is size. We will designate the size as follows:

Now name the big and the small correctly https://pandia.ru/text/78/074/images/image016_25.gif "width =" 366 "height =" 274 ">

Now try using the notation https://pandia.ru/text/78/074/images/image019_9.jpg "width =" 71 "height =" 101 src = "> to indicate the signs of such objects: blue cube, big red ball , a tall yellow house.

- Red Apple.

There are many more signs of objects. We have presented them for you in the table. Using this table, you can indicate the features of many objects.

OBJECT SYMBOLS TABLE

Show objects in the picture that have a scent. Try to label them using a table.

We examined such important signs of objects as color, shape, size, got acquainted with the table of designations of signs of objects, tried to apply these designations. And now let's try to perform the CONTROL WORK. With her help, we will check how you learned the material.

Task 1. Look carefully at the picture and complete the task. And adults who help you answer the questions of the test will enter your answers into a special answer form.

Task 2. Guess the riddles about what Nyusha bought at the bazaar?

1 riddle https://pandia.ru/text/78/074/images/image032_3.jpg "width =" 141 "height =" 95 src = ">

3 riddle https://pandia.ru/text/78/074/images/image034_2.jpg "width =" 133 "height =" 86 ">

Task 3.

Task 4.

Task 5.

Task 6.

Find the desired pattern in each window.

Abstract

lesson of mathematics in grade 1.

Teacher: Lebedeva I.S.

Topic: Properties of objects. Comparison of items.

Objectives: to acquaint with the textbook, with the properties of objects;

develop speech, memory, logical thinking;

instill an interest in mathematics.

Expected results: students will learn to give examples of objects of a certain color, size, shape;

develop logical thinking;

determine the belonging of an object to a group;

listen to the teacher.

During the classes

1.Organizational moment

The long-awaited call is given

The lesson begins.

What to do when you hear the bell? (Stand near your seat)

I am glad to meet you. Thank you for coming.

Who remembered my name yesterday?

Well done, you have a great memory. And I, frankly, did not remember all of you. I think that you didn’t remember everyone at once. Let's all together name the person to whom I will throw the ball. And whoever catches the ball listens to see if his name was called correctly.

(along the chain, the ball is passed to each student, everyone calls out a name loudly)

Who remembered how many guys there are in our class?

How many girls? / boys? /

(praise should be given to those who raised their hand)

How can you raise your hand? What is the most convenient way to raise your hand? What is the Raised Hand Rule for?

(the teacher fixes the sign of the understood hand on the blackboard)

2.Knowledge update

Guys, today you have an unusual day - you came to the first math lesson in your life. I congratulate you on this occasion and wish you an interesting study of mathematics. Let's read the name of the subject by syllable.

ON THE BOARD: MA-TE-MA-TI-KA

Who already knows what we will be doing in math lessons?

(children's answers)

Mathematics is one of them ancient sciences... People need her to transform the world... In math lessons, you will learn how to count, take measurements, solve examples and problems.

Our helpers in the classroom will be a textbook - a workbook, which Lyudmila Georgievna Peterson wrote for you.

(Students look at the cover of the textbook. The teacher asks the children to wrap the textbook and sign, shows how to use the bookmark)

Let's look at the tutorial, leaf through it. notice how colorful it is. A task is hidden in each picture. You can see that in the textbook you can write, color, that's why it is called "Textbook-notebook". But an agreement: not to write or draw on the pages yourself, without my permission. If you really want to study, contact me, I have tasks for you.

(The teacher shows additional assignments on pieces of paper)

For the mathematics lesson, you need to put a textbook on the desk - a notebook, a pen and colored pencils. In the pencil case, have a ruler and a simple pencil.

(Students check lesson readiness)

3. Self-determination to activity.

Four ripe pears

They swayed on the twigs.

Pavlusha took off two pears,

How many pears are left? (2)

How many apples do the guys have

They are burning with the sun in your hands!

Natasha and Toma, Seryozha and Roma,

There's one more on the table

The sun is drunk.

Well, how many apples, brothers?

Who can guess? (5)

On a bush in front of the fence

Six bright red tomatoes.

Then four came off,

And how much is left on the bush? (2)

Pear, apple, tomato are objects. How are the objects-answers to riddles similar? (Answers of children)

Are you sure you have named all the properties of the items?

What are we going to talk about today in the lesson?

4.Work on the topic of the lesson

Textbook work

Who meets us on page 3? (Squirrel)

(The teacher displays a toy squirrel or fixes a drawing of it on the board)

What do you know about protein? (Answers of children)

Did you know that there are not only red squirrels, but also black ones? And there are also flying squirrels that can easily overcome long distances between branches on a tree. But all squirrels can jump on trees, gnaw nuts - these are their distinctive properties. All items have such distinctive properties. Let's make sure of this. Let our bedlock introduce you to the item table.

How many items are shown in the picture? (12)

How are the items arranged? (In a line, in a column)

(show the row with your hand, line, column)

What unites the items in the first line? (Colour)

What unites the items in the columns? (The first column is dishes, the second is vegetables, the third is clothes, the fourth is toys)

You have already named two properties of objects: color and belonging to a group.

What is the item in the second row and fourth column? (Matryoshka.)

What object is hidden in the third row and in the third column? (A cap)

Now ask one object from the table (just don't say it out loud) and tell your neighbor where he is, on which row and in which column. Let your neighbor try to guess which subject in question... And then switch roles.

(Work in pairs. Two or three subjects should be solved collectively)

Consider the row below the table. What do these items have in common? (these are circles)

Another property of objects is shape. What is the difference between circles? (Color, size)

What property of objects did you name yourself? (the size)

Count how many circles are there in total? (15)

How many are red? Yellow? Blue?

How many big ones? Little ones?

So, what properties of objects can you name? (COLOR, SIZE, SHAPE, BELONGING to any group)

5. Exercise minute

Our squirrel is very well-mannered and uses words of courtesy. She will play a "Please" attention game with you. If the word "please" is pronounced, then we perform the movement, if not, then the movement does not need to be performed.

6. Continuation of work on the topic.

1. Game "Guess the Object"

What do the items in the first line have in common? (The form)

List these items.

I conceived an item from the table. It's in the first row and in the fourth column. What subject am I thinking of? (Samovar.)

Think of an item for your neighbor and explain how to find it.

(Work in pairs. Two or three subjects should be solved collectively)

So all objects have properties. Name them. (Color, shape, size, group membership)

7. Exercises to develop writing skills.

1. Finger gymnastics.

This finger is a grandfather

This finger is a grandmother

This finger is daddy

This finger is mommy

This finger is me.

That's my whole family!

(Alternately bending your fingers)

2.Rules of landing on the letter

(Working with the "Sit Correctly" poster)

3. Complete the assignments in the student (from 3 below) + r.tet. page 3 No. 1, 2, 3)

8. Reflection

What properties of objects do you know?

Who is happy with their job?

Was everything clear?

9. Summing up the lesson.

What did you like the most in the lesson?

What was difficult?

You have a task sheet on your desks. Place the sheet in front of you. Cross out as many circles on each line as the number at the beginning of the line indicates.

Individual sheet with the task.

Cross out as many circles as the number shows you

Children independently work on sheets. The teacher checks the correctness of the assignment.

Lesson summary for older children preschool age"Properties of objects"

Short description: summary of the lesson on the formation of elementary mathematical representations using sand therapy.
Purpose of material: the synopsis can be used by an educator, a teacher-defectologist and parents.

Theme:"Properties of objects"
Target: To form ideas about the signs of similarity and difference between objects.
Tasks:
- to form ideas about the properties of objects (color, shape, size);
- develop observation, cognitive interest;
- build skills independent work;
- continue to form spatio-temporal representations (left, right, top, bottom);
- to consolidate the ability to combine objects into groups (on similar grounds).
Types of children's activities: cognition, communication, physical development.
Planned results: Children combine objects into groups based on similar characteristics.
Materials and equipment for the organization joint activities: sandbox (light table), a set of cards with a different number of objects, cards with numbers, geometric shapes, pictures with objects, bunny, Dienesh blocks ..

Organizing time.
Defectologist: Today one fairytale hero will come to visit us. But what kind of hero you will find out now. In front of you is a piece of paper, and on it, dots with numbers. By connecting the dots with numbers in order, you will find out who came to us. The bunny has prepared tasks for you.

Main part.
Defectologist: Once upon a time, there were funny friends. And who they are, you will find out if you guess the riddles (circle, square, rectangle, triangle).
Defectologist: The Magic Bag game. Each child draws several geometric shapes from the bag and names them.
- How are they similar and how are they different? (same shape, different color, same size).
- What property distinguishes them from each other? (Colour).
Defectologist: Guys, now let's find objects similar to these figures in the office.
Defectologist: Now Bunny galloped to our magic table and prepared the next task. Place shapes of the same color in the upper right corner, identical in shape in the lower left corner.
Defectologist: The game "Set in the houses" (we draw three houses on the sand). Guys, we will populate houses on three grounds (color, shape, size). Children populate houses with figures and pictures according to signs.

Physical education.
Here's a big pyramid (reach up)
And a cheerful ringing ball (jumping in place)
Soft teddy bear (steps in place, on the outside of the foot)
Everyone lives in a big box (show a big square)
But when I go to bed (hands under my cheek, close my eyes)
Everybody starts to play (to portray any movement)
Defectologist: Game "Find the mistake". Children come to the table. Here are cards with objects, and next to them are numbers, only here something is messed up. Check and fix any errors. Errors are corrected one by one, if any. Well done, you have coped with this task.
Defectologist: Game "Get in order!" Children take one number at a time, while the music is playing, the “numbers” are walking, and on the command “Get in order!” children are built in order. The game is repeated 2 times.
When the children have lined up the number series, the teacher asks questions;
- name the neighbors of the number 3 (referring to the child who has the number 3).
- name the neighbors of the number 5.
- name the neighbors of the number 6.
- I thought of a number, it is less than 5 by one unit, what is this number?
- I thought of a number, it is more than 6 by one, what is this number?
Reflection.
Guys Bunny says that you are great, coped with all the tasks. He liked it very much with you.
- What did you like and remember the most in today's lesson?

GOAL:

• Teach to identify the properties of objects (color, shape, size, material)
• Develop mental operations, attention, memory, speech, cognitive interests, creativity.

DURING THE CLASSES

1. Preparatory stage.

In one of the preceding lessons, the teacher takes the children on a tour of the school "Visiting High School Students". Children get acquainted with different miracles, which they know how to do, high school students, for example:

a) in the chemistry room, two white liquids merge into one vessel and a red liquid is obtained;

b) in the physics room, a ray of light turns into a rainbow, etc.

It is important that children emotionally experience surprise, admiration, and the desire to learn.

2. Statement of the educational problem.

The lesson begins with the children expressing their impressions of what they saw. The teacher says: School is unusual, wonderful world, which we "open" with you. Guests will often come to us too. Today, for the first time, we open the door to the beautiful land of "Mathematics". WHO came to congratulate us on our first math lesson?

The curtain opens:

(Drawings of animals hang on the board: hedgehog squirrel, hare, fox, bear.)

Children call animals.

How do you call them all in one word? (Beasts, animals.)

What do they have in common? (They live in the forest.)

How does each of them differ from the rest? (Hedgehog - with needles, squirrel jumping on trees, etc.)

How many are there in total? Who's first on the left? Who is in fourth place? Who is in the middle, who is the last? Who is rered by the hare? Who is between the hare and the bear?

One of the animals invites us to visit. Guess who it is:

Redhead, fluffy,
Golden fur coat ...

Children's answers.

Rides through the trees
And hides the nuts. (Squirrel.)

Or maybe it's a chanterelle after all? Why?

How did you guess that the squirrel? What helped you?

What else do you know about this animal?

The teacher summarizes the discussion and formulates the task of the lesson:

Not only animals, but all objects have distinctive properties. Today a squirrel will teach us how to see and talk about them.

3. Learning new material.

1) Comparison of items by color.

Let's go on a visit to the squirrel, look into the hollow, list the items that you see. (Berries, mushrooms, toys.

Before the guests arrived, the squirrel conceived the order, to put all the items in the closet in their places. (The teacher opens the curtain, behind which is drawn a 3x3 table depicting a little squirrel's wardrobe, and puts the yellow objects on the first shelf himself.) What interesting things did you notice? (all items are yellow.)

How are the items arranged?

In this case, they say: in a line. What items did the squirrel put in the second line? (Red.) In the third? (Brown.)

What other colors do you know? Name objects from the environment pink, blue.

Name objects from the environment that are the same color as the car.

Take a close look at the squirrel cabinet. It has lines and there are columns. Who guessed where is the first column, the second, the third?

Squirrel-hostess interestingly arranged objects on

columns. Did you notice this? (Mushrooms, toys, fruits.)

2) Referring to the table.

What is the item in the first row and second column?

What item is in the third row but not in the first column?

Name the objects of the third line from memory.

3) Working with the table from the tutorial.

What do all items of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd lines have in common? 2nd, 1st, 3rd, 4th columns?

Name the item the same color as the cucumber.

What is the item in the 2nd column and 3rd row? What colour is he?

Name each yellow item.

Draw a line around all the yellow items.

4) Counting objects.

For correct answers, children received from the squirrel as a gift tokens of two sizes and two colors (for example, small brown and large yellow tokens). The teacher asks the children to place all of the earned tokens on the board.

Let's show what we have earned. What do all tokens have in common? (Circles.)

What is the difference? (Color, size.)

How many tokens did the squirrel give us? How many are brown? How many are big and how many are small? Do I need to count tokens to answer the last question?

Count the squirrel circles in the textbook. How many blue? How many red and green? How many non-red ones? How many little ones?

5) Physical education.

Children stand opposite each other, count up to 10 in chorus and clap their hands, as in counting rhymes: on the count of "one" - clap in the boats, on the count of "two" they touch each other with their palms, on the count of "three" - clap their hands, on the count of "four" touch each other with their palms, etc.

6) Game: "Guess the object".

a) - Do you like riddles? Squirrel in its riddles describes objects, listing their properties. Here is one of them: "This item is in my kitchen ... red with white polka dots, you may have a different color ... it is made of metal ... in it pour water ... he would not mind burying himself on the stove and whistling into his little nose. "

After the name of each property, the teacher makes a short pause, waiting for the children to give their answers. In the end it is revealed that it is a teapot.

At home, the teacher invites the children to come up with a riddle about some object of the environment themselves.

b) A similar game is played with objects from the squirrel cabinet. The student guesses the subject, and the teacher lists its properties and guesses. After that, on the contrary, the teacher conceives the object, and the children name its properties: “Is it green? Round? Is it eaten? In this it turns out that it is a nut.

7) Comparison of objects by shape.

The teacher has 5-6 objects on the table, of which 3-4 have the same shape. In his hands - a brown token and a nut. The teacher suggests comparing the token and the nut.

Do these items have anything in common? What is the difference?

(Different sizes; the nut is edible, but the token is not; both round, but the token is flat and the nut is convex.)

See if the squirrel has objects that have the same shape as a nut? (Ball, apple, ball.)

These objects are said to be in the shape of a ball. (Children repeat in chorus.) Are there spherical objects in our class?

8) Working with the table from the tutorial.

List the items on the 1st line. What interesting things have you noticed?

What do items 2, 3 lines have in common? What is the name of the shape of these objects

What's interesting about the items arranged in columns?

What item is in the 1st row and 3rd column?

Think of an item and tell it its address.

4. Work in writing(M-1, part 1, page 1)

If time allows, a similar task can be done in a notebook in a cage.

5. Lesson summary.

Let's say goodbye with a whitewash. Cheyu she taught us today?

You are satisfied?

Let's say to her: "Thank you!"

Lyudmila Kaigorodova
Summary of the lesson "Properties of objects". Middle group

Topic: "Properties of objects"

Target:

To form the ability to identify and compare the properties of objects, to find common property groups of objects.

Materials for the lesson:

Demonstration - pencils, a landscape sheet of paper, pictures with the image of vegetables.

Handout - colored pencils (red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue, purple, pieces of paper, sets of shapes: 5 circles - red, yellow, green, orange and blue, 5 ovals, 5 squares, 5 triangles and 5 rectangles of those the same colors.

Course of the lesson:

I. The property of objects is color. Colors of rainbow.

The teacher inserts colored pencils of all colors of the rainbow into the glass. The same cups with colored pencils on the tables of the children. The teacher shows a picture with a picture of a Pencil:

Guys, our Cheerful Pencil told me amazing story! It turns out that pencils can talk and even show off. This pencil said (picks up a red pencil): "I can be a poppy, a fire, a flag!"

The teacher draws a red line on a piece of sketchbook paper attached to the chalkboard, and the children draw a red line on their pieces of paper. Then the teacher asks them to tell what the rest of the pencils boasted:

Guess what those pencils said?

Children by on their own go to the board, choose a pencil and leave their mark on the sheet attached to the board. The rest of the children draw lines with the same colors on their sheets. Examples of children's answers:

Orange: "I am an orange, a carrot!"

Yellow: "I'm a chicken, sun, turnip!"

Green: "I am grass, foliage, a whole forest!"

Blue: "I am forget-me-not, sky, ice!"

Blue: "I am ink, sea, cornflower!"

Purple: "I am a plum, lilac, twilight, bell!" The teacher thanks the children for their help and asks a riddle. - Cheerful Pencil whispered one word to me. Guess which one.

Through the fields, through the meadows

An elegant arc has risen. (Rainbow)

Who knows the colors of the rainbow?

Children are called: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue, purple. Invite them to make a rainbow out of stripes of colored paper.

Children stand in a circle, in the center of which the driver is blindfolded, hold hands and, walking in a circle, amicably say:

We all stood together in a circle

Suddenly turned at once,

(everyone turns 180 ° and goes in the opposite direction)

And how do we say: "Dap, Dap, Dap!" -

One of the children, at the instruction of the teacher, repeats the last line, and the driver guesses who it is. If he did not guess, then he continues to be the driver, and if he guessed, then the one who gave the voice becomes the driver. The game is repeated 2-3 times.

It is better to assign the role of the leader in the 2nd and 3rd round of the game to one of the children.

III. Comparison of objects based on similarities and differences (color, shape, size, material, purpose, etc.).

Consider the pictures. What's in the first picture? (Doll and bear.)

Compare a doll and a bear: what do they have in common and how do they differ? The teacher, if necessary, can start the comparison: general

for a doll and a bear, the purpose is toys; the same size; the common thing is that both the doll and the bear have ribbons, but they differ in that. And the kids name the differences themselves.

Compare balloon, on which Dunno flies, and the ball: what do they have in common and how do they differ? (They have the same shape: both the ball and the balloon are in the shape of a ball. And they differ in color: the ball is yellow and of blue color and the balloon is yellow and red. They also differ in size: the ball is small, and the balloon is large. Their purpose is also different: the ball is a toy, and the balloon is an aircraft.)

Compare the hedgehog and the tree. (“The spruce is like a hedgehog: a hedgehog is in needles, a tree is also, and they“ live ”in the forest.” They differ in size: a small hedgehog, a tree more hedgehog... They also different color: the hedgehog is gray and the tree is green. A hedgehog is an animal, a tree is a plant.)

Consider the picture. Why do you think a fox and a carrot are connected by a thread? (They are both orange.)

Well done! Now take your "magic" pencils and connect objects of the same color with "magic strings".

Tell us what pictures have you connected? Why? Examples of children's answers:

The carrot and the fox are orange.

I connected the chicken and the moon because they are yellow.

Tomato and ladybug red.

The frog and apple are green.

IV. Physical education "Look both ways."

Children are built in a row (no more than 7-10 people). The driver is chosen with the help of a counting board or with an appointment. He is asked to remember in what order the children are. After the driver turns away, the children rebuild. The driver must determine what has changed and restore the disturbed order. The location can be linear, circular, chaotic - depending on the level of complexity that the teacher wants to offer.

V. Consolidation of the ability to highlight the properties of objects.

1) Conversation about vegetables. Guessing riddles.

What vegetables do you know?

What grows in your garden (for example, in your country house?

What vegetables do they say that? How did you guess?

a) The red nose has grown into the ground,

And the green tail is outside.

We don't need a green tail

All you need is a red nose.

(Carrot)

c) Round side, yellow side,

A bun is sitting on the garden bed.

He is firmly rooted in the ground.

What is this?

b) In the summer in the garden -

Fresh, green,

And in the winter in a barrel -

Yellow, salty.

d) It is as big as a soccer ball,

If ripe, everyone is happy.

It tastes so good!

What kind of ball is this?

Children explain by what signs they guessed what they are talking about: by color, shape, size, taste, etc.

2) The game "What does it look like?"

Pictures depicting vegetables.

Well done! You are very good at guessing riddles. Now look carefully at the pictures and select geometric shapes that resemble these vegetables.

Examples of children's answers:

The carrots are orange, shaped like a triangle - I'll put an orange (red) triangle.

The turnip is yellow and round. I choose the yellow circle. Etc.

What did you remember the most from the lesson?

What did you like? What seemed difficult?