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Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation Olga Golodets denied information that appeared in some media about the partial unfreezing of the funded part of the pension in 2017 and its subsequent full restoration.

Earlier, encouraging information about the gradual return of the funded part of the pension, citing sources in the Russian government, published Gazeta.ru.

So, the publication indicated that next year, out of 6% intended for transfer to savings accounts of Russians in non-state pension funds (NPF) or VEB, 1% will be unfrozen. Thanks to this, the NPF is expected to receive about 60 billion rubles in 2017. And gradually restore funded part, bringing it to the full 6%, is expected from 2018.

However, as it turned out later, the cabinet of ministers (so far anyway) did not consider such a scenario.

"WHERE IS THE MONEY, ZIN?"

He told the Federal Business Agency about the reasons why the government will not unfreeze pension savings of citizens now "Economy today" Alexander Safonov, Doctor of Economics, Professor, Vice-Rector for Development of the Academy of Labor and Social Relations.

First of all, the expert noted a serious burden on the budget: according to the Ministry of Finance, the payment of insurance pensions in the next three years will need 3 trillion rubles, which are collected as part of annual transfers to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation. Therefore, the department is now more concerned with looking for savings options to reduce this transfer.

One of the ways to reduce the Ministry of Finance is increasingly called the restriction or termination of the payment of insurance pensions to one or another category of citizens, in particular, pensioners who are still working. So, just the other day, a new proposal appeared - not to pay insurance pension those retirees whose annual income exceeds 500 thousand rubles. Considering all this, Alexander Safonov notes that the decision to unfreeze the funded component is unlikely. Both 2017 and 2018.

ADDITIONAL BURDEN

Another obvious reason, according to the expert, is that the government has taken on a lot of obligations. This will become an additional burden on the budget, and there is no certainty "from the point of view of the formation of budget revenues" next year. For example, in January, pensioners were promised lump sum payment 5 thousand rubles. In addition, indexation has been announced. Thus, no defrost is expected next year.

As for 2018, the year of the presidential elections in the Russian Federation, the situation is no easier there either. Additional funds will then be needed to fulfill the wage obligations of state employees.

Considering the above, Alexander Safonov believes that the government may not return to talking about unfreezing the funded segment of pensions until 2019 at the earliest.

Vera Segreeva.

Due to the deteriorating state of the Russian economy, since 2014, it was introduced, which continues to operate and.

The moratorium, introduced and extended twice, certainly cannot but affect the amount of future pensions.

• Before the "freezing" of savings, the money of future retirees could be placed through the management company or NPF in the financial markets, that is, it could be invested in various projects.
• After the introduction of the "freeze" and the transfer of money to the PFR budget, the profitability of savings deposits is almost zero, and if we take into account the inflationary processes in the country's economy, which are growing, then it can even become negative.

Currently, the Russian Government is deciding the fate of the funded pension system, while "freezing". Official data on decisions taken so far there are none, but some proposals have been received from the Ministry of Finance on reforming pension legislation in terms of formation by citizens funded pensions out of their wages.

Freezing the funded part of the pension - what does this mean?

The Russian government decided to introduce a temporary moratorium (freeze) on the formation of citizens due to the difficult economic situation in the face of a budget deficit. This forced measure should stabilize the budget of the Pension Fund. "Freezing" involves a part of the contributions that were previously sent to the accounts of (MC) and (NPF) involved in the formation pension savings, translate only for insurance pension, i.e. to the PFR budget.

Officials in the Government of the Russian Federation explain that the “freezing” of funded pensions is not a withdrawal of funds.

They will not abolish the funded pension either. After "unfreezing", the pension savings of citizens will be returned to their accounts in the NPF, and when the accumulated funds will be taken into account and indexed.

Why was a moratorium on pension savings introduced?

In the process of reforming the system retirement benefits problems arose due to the fact that 6% of the amount of contributions paid by insurers began to go to the management companies and NPFs involved, which led to a real reduction in revenues to the budget of the Pension Fund.

• Due to the growing economic crisis, the balance of the PFR budget, which has been was in short supply, has completely ceased to converge.
• The government decided, in order to deal with the deficit, for a while suspend the transfer of funds to the NPF and direct them to secure payment.
• The "frozen" funds are used for the current pension payments, implementation of anti-crisis measures and support of the country's financial system.

Pension savings in 2014-2017

On December 4, 2013, the Government of the Russian Federation adopted Federal Law No. 351-FZ, according to which, in 2014, insurance premiums transferred by insurers to the personal accounts of citizens in the Pension Fund began to be sent on the insurance part pensions... On December 1, 2014, Law No. 410-FZ entered into force, extended the freeze of the funded pension and in 2015.

According to the official version announced by the Government, the reason for the introduction of the moratorium is the verification of the activities of various management companies and NPFs. However, the only reasonable reason for the moratorium is an attempt to stabilize the budget. The Pension Fund with a decrease in transfers from the state budget.

2016 was no exception in extending the moratorium. It was extended by the adoption of Law No. 373-FZ of December 14, 2015, which amended Law No. 424-FZ of December 28, 2013.

In 2016, the decision to extend the "freeze" of pension savings was made by the Government against the backdrop of measures that were designed to save budget funds. These include:

• not the inflation rate set for 2015 (12.9%), but only 4%.
• working pensioners.

At the end of 2016, the government decided to extend the moratorium to 2017, explaining this by real budget savings.

Freezing funded pension in 2018

The Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation made a number of proposals for further reforming the pension system, which include the formation of a funded pension. It was proposed to form savings on a conditionally voluntary basis:

• citizens could independently transfer part of the money from their wages to the NPF, bypassing the FIU;
• the funds paid by employers in the form of pension contributions would go directly to the PFR budget.

But, based on the latest disappointing tendencies, the savings will continue to be "frozen" until the Government finds other methods of forming and reducing the costs of the state budget.

Today, the funded pension is practically not formed for all citizens, regardless of whether they chose NPFs or remained “silent”. This is precisely due to the protracted moratorium on the formation of pension savings.

Extension of the freeze of pension savings until 2020

At the end of 2017, the State Duma adopted a law to extend the "freeze" of pension savings until 2020 inclusive. Therefore, the funded part of the pension everything will not be formed either.

In June 2017, the International Monetary Fund recommended to the country's leadership spend pension reform ... The organization offers Russia to increase. Experts believe that this measure would mitigate the impact of negative demographic trends on the labor market.

When will the moratorium on the funded part of the pension be lifted?

The Association of Non-State Pension Funds (ANPF) in 2016 proposed to "unfreeze" pension savings from temporary reduction in the rate of insurance premiums that go to funded pension. This would help to balance the distribution system and not destroy the funded part.

This idea was supported by the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation. The decision to "unfreeze" savings in a reduced format with a return to the full functioning of the funded component in the future would be a sufficiently weighty argument for society, which would indicate that the state is keeping its word.

Despite all of the above, the Russian budget for 2018-2020 was adopted taking into account the "freeze" of pension savings... At the same time, the authorities stated that this fact, as well as the development conditionally voluntary system do not lead to the abolition of the mandatory funded system. But nothing is known about her further fate.

What will happen to the funded part in the future: a new pension reform

The moratorium on funded pensions proved the ineffectiveness of the earlier reform of the system. In this regard, the work on its improvement is being discussed. The expert community today agrees on the transfer of the responsibility of caring for old age to workers.

The essence of the innovations is as follows:

• after the will of the employee, the obligation to make deductions falls per employer;
• citizens will form savings voluntarily;
• the amount of the contribution will be from 0 to 6%.

Understanding the rather large burden on the budgets of citizens, such indulgences:

1. tax deduction for persons who participate in the formation of the old age budget;
2. opportunities early use of the deposit:
   • 20% of the total amount;
   • completely under difficult circumstances (disability, illness).

Outlined in last paragraph is still only a proposal of the Government. However, in the near future these conditions may be put into effect.

What does “freezing funded pension” mean in simple words?

Based on the difficult economic situation in conditions of budget deficit, the Government of the Russian Federation introduced a temporary restriction on. This forced measure is intended, in the opinion of the Government, to stabilize the budget of the Pension Fund. Now part of the contributions that were previously sent to the accounts of non-state pension funds (NPF) and management companies (MC) involved in the formation of funded pensions, are directed exclusively to an insurance pension.

As officials in the Russian Government explain, "freezing" funded pensions by no means is not a withdrawal of funds as it is often said in non-professional circles.

It is also assured that the abolition of funded pensions in connection with the introduction of the moratorium is not expected, and all pension savings of citizens after their "Defrost"(which will happen someday) will definitely be returned to their accounts with NPFs. It was promised that if the funds of insurance premiums accumulated during the moratorium are in force, they will also be taken into account and indexed.

Why do we need a moratorium on the formation of pension savings?

Extension of the moratorium for 2015 - 2020

Later, the ban on the transfer of insurance contributions for the formation of a funded pension was extended for 2015 in accordance with Federal Law No. 410-FZ dated 01.12.2014. This year is notable for the fact that since January 1 it has been earning, in which the funded part was converted into an independent type of pension along with the insurance one.

For 2016, the restriction on the transfer of funds to the funded pension was extended by adopting Federal law No. 373-FZ of 12/14/2015. This year, the decision to extend the moratorium on pension savings was made by the Government. against the background of other measures aimed at saving budget funds. Among them are:

• cancellation of indexation of pensions for working pensioners;
• indexing pensions not to the inflation rate set for 2015 (12.9%), but only by 4%.

In 2016, due to the stabilization of the economic situation and the return of the Government to three-year budget planning, the moratorium on the formation of pension savings was extended immediately for the three-year period 2017 - 2019. in accordance with the law dated 19.12.2016 No. 447-FZ.

It is already known that the corresponding measure will be extended to 2020. Thus, at least until 2021, all funds credited to the personal accounts of citizens in will continue to be directed only for the formation of an insurance pension... Does this mean the end of the funded pension system?

Does funded pension have a future?

The Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation submitted to the Government on further reforming the pension system, including those related to the formation of funded pensions. It is proposed to form pension savings for conditionally voluntary basis.

• That is, citizens, if they wish to receive a funded pension, will independently send part of their salaries to non-state pension funds, bypassing the PFR.
• At the same time, the funds will be directed exclusively to the PFR budget for the formation of an insurance pension (just as it is happening now during the moratorium on the formation of pension savings from compulsory insurance contributions deducted by the employer to the Pension Fund).

Based on destructive trends in the socio-economic sphere Russian Federation against the background of sanctions pressure from outside, the absence of positive changes in the production sphere and disappointing forecasts for the future, it is obvious that the funds in accumulative accounts in NPFs will continue to be "Freeze" until the Government finds other sources of replenishing the state budget and cutting its expenditures.

Will the moratorium affect the size of future pensions?

The unconditionally introduced and twice extended moratorium cannot but affect the size.

• Before the so-called “freezing” of funded pensions, the money of future retirees could be placed through NPFs and management companies. in financial markets, that is, they could be invested in various economic projects.
• The rate of return on investment of funds depends on many factors, the most important of which is the professionalism of employees of non-state funds.

All this can also affect ordinary citizens in the form of a loss of investment income by persons who have entered into agreements on accumulative pension insurance with NPFs in connection with the bankruptcy of some of them against the background of the crisis.

Conclusion

It is not yet known when the frozen savings will be transferred to NPFs (and whether they will be transferred at all).

Further extension of the moratorium on the formation of funded pensions until 2020 inclusively undermines public confidence in the Government of Russia and, in conditions of difficult access to external financial resources, creates difficulties in the domestic financial market (since management companies and NPFs are engaged in investment activities in the domestic market of the country).

After "freezing" the accumulative pension programs, investment activity has significantly decreased, which, undoubtedly, will entail an increase in interest rates on loans for enterprises and the population. And this, in turn, can slow down the development of the industrial sector of the economy, which is already in a deep crisis, and lead to a further reduction in jobs and wages, and, consequently, revenues to the PFR budget.

The Russian pension system underwent changes in 2002. The provision of citizens with a year of birth before 1967 was divided into two shares - insurance and accumulative. The first is intended for the government to fulfill its current obligations. The second task is to shape the future provision of the working citizen.

What does freezing pension savings mean?

A certain percentage of the amount of contributions assessed by the employer is a component, the amount of which affects the amount of future security.What is a freeze on pension savings?The postponement of the formation of one of the components redistributes the funds of the fund. Frozen rubles go not to NPFs, for the future provision of a working citizen, but for current state needs.

Why freeze pension savings

The executive authorities are freezing the funded part of the pension - what does this mean? The lack of funds from the state treasury for the transfer to the fund, economic difficulties force us to look for ways to resolve these issues. Edits tofunded pension laware needed to cover the budget deficit, are caused by an unfavorable situation. All contributions paid by employers to the FIU are used to fulfill current government obligations.

Freezing the funded part of the pension in 2014-2015

When was the funded part of the old-age pension canceled?The first time the freezing of this component was announced in the fall of 2013 when planning the state budget for next year. It was reported that the receipt of funds will be suspended, and all the money will be sent to replenish the insurance share of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation. Then the Ministry of Finance decides to freeze pension contributions in 2015. In addition, the possibility of liquidating the stake was discussed. Then this component was saved.

Freeze of pensions in 2019

For two years in a row, the state used the source of income generated by the prolonged “conservation” of citizens' savings. The frozen insurance premiums credited to the FIU's accounts were used to finance current expenditures without increasing future collateral. It was planned to withdraw the measures taken soon, but it turned out differently. Moratorium ontransfer of the funded part of the pensionon old age was extended in 2019. The unpopular measure is associated with the increased expenditures of the state budget.

Accumulative part of labor pension in 2017-2019

In the summer of 2019, the Russian Trilateral Commission, headed by O. Golodets, drew up a plan of expenditures and receipts of the Pension Fund in the period 2019 - 2019.Where to transfer the funded part of the pension?According to the decision of the commission, all contributions paid by employers will replenish the insurance component of the security. No savings are foreseen over the three-year period.

Will the freeze affect the size of future pensions

Impossibility transfer the funded part of the pensionwill affect the amount of future collateral. The profitability of existing deposits is approaching zero. The introduction of the moratorium does not allow to dispose of funds, to transfer them to a non-state fund for investing various financial projects. At the same time, government officials emphasize the absence of the fact of withdrawing money from Russians. After the moratorium is lifted, the funds will be returned to the personal accounts of Russians, will be indexed, and will be included in the calculation base when determining future payments.