The child will go to first grade. "How will he study?" Every parent asks this question. "It all depends on child's readiness to learning,” the teachers say. What is a child's readiness for school? On this topic, you can find dozens of articles on the Internet, written by both specialists and amateurs. Parents who decide to study the issue on their own can simply get confused. For many years I have been professionally engaged in this subject, so I want to bring to your attention three articles that will help you understand this issue. The first article will talk about physiological readiness, the second - about personal readiness, the third - about intellectual readiness. All three components are very important for a child's success in school.

Let's talk first about physiological development. At the age of 6-7 years, there are significant changes in the growth of the child, the proportions of his body change, arms and legs lengthen. By the time of entering school, the child must be of sufficient height to fit at the desk. It is easy to check the body proportions of a preschooler for "preparedness". Perform the following test: ask the baby to touch his left ear with his right hand, passing his hand over his head. For adults, this does not cause difficulties, for a schoolchild, too, and a five-year-old child will not be able to do this. simple thing, his arms are still too short. This test is called Philippine. The test result characterizes the biological age of the child and shows the degree of physiological maturity of the body, the maturation of the nervous system and the ability of the brain to perceive and process information. Remember that it is not uncommon for the Philippine test to be considered as one of the main criteria for school maturity.

The next indicator physiological development are physical endurance, self-service skills, parameters of gross and fine motor skills Here, parents are well aware of the achievements of their children. Information about the child's endurance can be obtained by observing him on tourist trips, in museums, on excursions and other cultural and entertainment places.

There is also an opinion that a sign of physiological maturity is the change of front teeth in a child. Is it so? Expert opinions differ. One group of physiologists and psychologists argue that the change of front teeth is an important part of the hormonal restructuring in the child's body - this means that the preschooler's brain has rebuilt and is ready for school. Another group of specialists believes that this indicator is not so important. They write that modern children are distinguished by an uneven pace of development of various systems. child's body in addition, due to the characteristics of living conditions, children of the same chronological age may have significant individual differences in growth and physical development.

Expert of our magazine Tamara Gennadievna Bogdanov belongs to the second group of specialists. She believes that problems with learning rarely begin due to a delay in the growth of the front teeth, much more often due to restlessness, inability to concentrate, insufficient development of fine motor skills and weak physical endurance.

Sooner or later, physiological maturity will come to the child - to someone at six years old, and to someone at eight. But neither parents nor teachers should sit idly by. There are time-tested methods that help children reach this maturity, they are successfully used in Slovenian children's preschool institutions. Yes, in preschool groups Ljubljana School of Additional Education "Merry Fellows" teachers, using special methods and author's programs, develop large and fine motor skills, improve self-service skills, develop endurance and motor skills.

That's all for today. It is interesting to hear the opinion of parents: what do you think about the physiological maturity of the child, what is your experience?

In the next article we will talk about personal readiness for school.

Interesting facts on the topic

In the Philippines. Parents determine the biological maturity of the child as follows: the child with any hand, exactly through the top of the head, tries to reach the earlobe opposite from the hand. If he reached out, then he was ripe for school.

In medieval China and Japan . The maturity of the child was determined by the end of the change of milk teeth. It was believed that only then did the child "enter the mind."

In Russia before the revolution of 1917. Children were enrolled in a classical gymnasium from the age of 9 - it was believed that this was the age of maturation of the child's nervous system.

in Russia today. The education of children in schools, in accordance with the law, begins at the age of six and a half in the absence of contraindications for health reasons, but no later than 8 years. That is, the law is focused on the passport age of the child, but not on his school maturity.

IN preschool age(usually at 5-6 years old), children experience a "half-height spurt", which consists in a significant lengthening of the arms and legs.

In order to find out if this growth spurt has passed or not yet, you need to ask the child to touch his left ear with his right hand, holding his hand over his head. A child of 4-5 years old cannot do this - the arms are still too short.

The result of the Philippine test quite accurately characterizes the biological age of the child, as it reflects not just a characteristic of the development of the skeleton, but something much more important - the degree of morphological and functional maturity of the body. First of all, this is due to the level of maturation of the nervous system and the ability of the brain to perceive and process information. not without reason Philippine test often considered as one of the main criteria for "school maturity".

Physiologists and hygienists have absolutely firmly established that if a child starts attending school before he has passed a half-height leap, this has a sharp negative effect on his health, primarily mental, and rarely brings success in learning.

The passport age at which this half-height jump takes place can vary significantly. For some children, it is completed by the age of 5, for others - only after 7 years. It is clear that at this age the difference of two years is a lot.

The half-height leap is one of the important critical periods in a child's life, during which many of the body's functions change qualitatively. At the same time, the physiological consequences of a half-height jump are very simple: the body becomes more reliable in the biological sense, and therefore more efficient.

From the point of view of physiology, it is generally possible to speak about working capacity only after the completion of the half-height jump. Prior to this, the child does not yet have true working capacity (neither mental nor physical). After all, the basis of working capacity is such an organization of nervous, energy and other processes that is capable of ensuring work in a “sustainable mode”. There is no need to talk about any stable regime up to a half-height jump - the cells of a child's body under 6 years old are simply not suitable for this.

But after the half-height jump is completed, the child has real functional capabilities for assiduous, fairly long work at an even pace (of course, still small - they will quickly, but unevenly increase as they grow up, but the foundation has already been laid).

Here's an interesting test...

I have Andrey in February, and on September 1 he will be 6.5 years old. That is, you can send it to school for the next academic year, or you can wait another year ... I just can’t make a final decision on how best to act.

Once again, I surfed the Internet in search of answers to my questions and doubts. And I found an interesting way to determine readiness for school, which for some reason I had not come across before - filipino test.

At preschool age (usually at 5-6 years old), children experience a “half-height spurt”, which consists in a significant lengthening of the arms and legs.

In order to find out if this growth spurt has passed or not yet, you need to ask the child to touch his left ear with his right hand, holding his hand over his head. A child of 4-5 years old cannot do this - the arms are still too short.

The result of the Philippine test quite accurately characterizes the biological age of the child, as it reflects not just a characteristic of the development of the skeleton, but something much more important - the degree of morphological and functional maturity of the body. First of all, this is due to the level of maturation of the nervous system and the ability of the brain to perceive and process information. No wonder the Philippine test is often considered as one of the main criteria for "school maturity".

Physiologists and hygienists have absolutely firmly established that if a child starts attending school before he has passed a half-height leap, this has a sharp negative effect on his health, primarily mental, and rarely brings success in learning.

The passport age at which this half-height jump takes place can vary significantly. For some children, it is completed by the age of 5, for others - only after 7 years. It is clear that at this age the difference of two years is a lot.

The half-height leap is one of the important critical periods in a child's life, during which many of the body's functions change qualitatively. At the same time, the physiological consequences of a half-height jump are very simple: the body becomes more reliable in the biological sense, and therefore more efficient.

From the point of view of physiology, it is generally possible to speak about working capacity only after the completion of the half-height jump. Prior to this, the child does not yet have true working capacity (neither mental nor physical). After all, the basis of working capacity is such an organization of nervous, energy and other processes that is capable of ensuring work in a “sustainable mode”. There is no need to talk about any stable regime up to a half-height jump - the cells of a child's body under 6 years old are simply not suitable for this.

But after the half-height jump is completed, the child has real functional capabilities for assiduous, fairly long work at an even pace (of course, still small - they will quickly, but unevenly increase as they grow up, but the foundation has already been laid).

Here is such an interesting test ... I'm waiting for Andryukha from kindergarten to check

According to some data (European Congress of School and University Medicine), less than 22% of children entering the first grade of school are completely healthy. After the first year of study, there are even fewer such children. This is partly due to the fact that the first-grader's body was simply not ready for serious stress.

Doctors insist that the parents of the future student need to prepare for September 1 not only nice shape, briefcase and bouquet, but also the child himself.

1. Teach your child the rules of personal hygiene. If the habit of regularly washing hands is brought to automatism in a newly-minted schoolchild, then the chances of not catching every second infection increase significantly. It is important to convey to the child the idea of ​​the need to wash hands before eating, after walking and using the toilet.

2. Watch your child's nutrition. It is very important to form a healthy eating behavior in a child by school, thereby you will protect him for a very long time from a tendency to junk food. It is necessary to remove chips, carbonated drinks, sauces, semi-finished products, fast food from the menu, preferring dishes from boiled or baked foods.

3. Let morning exercises become the norm. Almost the whole life of a schoolchild passes while sitting, and for modern children in this position, including leisure. As a result, by the fifth grade, half have scoliosis, adolescence the first signs of obesity. To prevent this, you need to instill in your child a love of movement. And it is worth noting that the strongest motivation in this case is a personal example. If the baby sees how mom or dad, or all together, start every morning with exercises, jogging (perhaps with a dog on the street!) Or even dancing to energetic music, he is unlikely to be left out.

4. It will not be superfluous to teach the child breathing exercises. This type of exercise is in a good way how to reduce frequency colds, and to strengthen the nervous system of the child and develop his endurance.

5. Form a clear daily routine. When the day is scheduled, it becomes easier to form the right habits and easier to perform homework. The child should fall asleep no later than 22 hours, the duration of sleep should be at least 9-10 hours. The optimal duration for outdoor games is 2-3 hours.

6. Form a healthy psyche in a child. For this, psychological comfort must reign in the family. The most important thing is not to sort out adult relationships in front of a child and not to speak ill of his abilities in front of strangers. It is necessary to strengthen his self-confidence, to encourage his success in every possible way. Teach your child to be independent, contribute to the formation of his own opinion and spend more time with him.

7. It is very important to bypass doctors before school. to find out the weaknesses of the child's health. Doctor will give helpful tips child's adaptation to academic year taking into account the existing problem and, possibly, prescribe a course of necessary therapy.

And the last thing to think about, especially for those parents who consider their children geniuses: Is your child physiologically ready for school at all?. It is not uncommon for children to be sent to first grade a little early, for example at the age of six. However, there is a wonderful test - Philippine: the child is asked to reach with his right hand to his left ear over his head. If he reaches it, it means that he is formed so that he can go to study. If not, then it's too early.

And early because this test shows exactly biological age of the child, since it reflects not just a characteristic of the development of the skeleton, but something much more important - the degree of morphological and functional maturity of the organism. First of all, this is due to the level of maturation of the nervous system and the ability of the brain to perceive and process information. No wonder the Philippine test is often considered as one of the main criteria for "school maturity".

The result of the Philippine test quite accurately characterizes the biological age of the child, as it reflects not just a characteristic of the development of the skeleton, but something much more important - the degree of morphological and functional maturity of the body. First of all, this is due to the level of maturation of the nervous system and the ability of the brain to perceive and process information. No wonder the Philippine test is often considered as one of the main criteria for "school maturity".

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Physiological readiness for schooling. Philippine test.

At preschool age (usually at 5-6 years old), children experience a “half-height spurt”, which consists in a significant lengthening of the arms and legs.

In order to find out if this growth spurt has passed or not yet, you need to ask the child to touch his left ear with his right hand, holding his hand over his head. A child of 4-5 years old cannot do this - the arms are still too short.

The result of the Philippine test quite accurately characterizes the biological age of the child, as it reflects not just a characteristic of the development of the skeleton, but something much more important - the degree of morphological and functional maturity of the body. First of all, this is due to the level of maturation of the nervous system and the ability of the brain to perceive and process information. No wonder the Philippine test is often considered as one of the main criteria for "school maturity".

Physiologists and hygienists have absolutely firmly established that if a child starts attending school before he has passed a half-height leap, this has a sharp negative effect on his health, primarily mental, and rarely brings success in learning.

The passport age at which this half-height jump takes place can vary significantly. For some children, it is completed by the age of 5, for others - only after 7 years. It is clear that at this age the difference of two years is a lot.

The half-height leap is one of the important critical periods in a child's life, during which many of the body's functions change qualitatively. At the same time, the physiological consequences of a half-height jump are very simple: the body becomes more reliable in the biological sense, and therefore more efficient.

From the point of view of physiology, it is generally possible to speak about working capacity only after the completion of the half-height jump. Prior to this, the child does not yet have true working capacity (neither mental nor physical). After all, the basis of working capacity is such an organization of nervous, energy and other processes that is capable of ensuring work in a “sustainable mode”. There is no need to talk about any stable regime up to a half-height jump - the cells of a child's body under 6 years old are simply not suitable for this.

But after the half-height jump is completed, the child has real functional capabilities for assiduous, fairly long work at an even pace (of course, still small - they will quickly, but unevenly increase as they grow up, but the foundation has already been laid).

Here's an interesting test...

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