Holidays and events in May. Holidays and events in May Interesting events and facts on May 22

Surely many of you are interested in the history of the world and your country, the distant and recent past, past events, memorable dates, significant and significant development successes and all kinds of discoveries, as well as folk signs, as we are sure, everyone does not mind knowing which of the famous and successful people was born on May 22, in different years and era.

Below you will find out how certain past and real events of May 22 influenced the course of world history, or a particular country, how the date of this day was remembered, what kind of incident, something extraordinary did this day remember in, and also what is remarkable date of this day, who was born and died of famous people and more. In a word, we will help you understand all this in more detail and usefully to figure it out. You will find on this page everything of interest to the answers to these topics, we have tried to put together the maximum amount of materials for this day of the year.

Who was born on May 22

Sergei Petrovich Ivanov. Born on May 22, 1951 in Kiev - died on January 15, 2000 in Kiev. Soviet and Ukrainian actor, director and screenwriter, Honored Artist of Ukraine (1992), People's Artist of Ukraine (1998)

Nikolay Vladimirovich Olyalin. Born on May 22, 1941 in the village of Opikhalino, Vologda Region - died on November 17, 2009 in Kiev. Soviet and Russian actor, film director, screenwriter. People's Artist of the Ukrainian SSR (1979)

Arseniy Petrovich Yatsenyuk (Ukrainian Arseniy Petrovich Yatsenyuk; born May 22, 1974, Chernivtsi) is a Ukrainian politician and statesman. Prime Minister of Ukraine since February 27, 2014

Richard Wagner (full name Wilhelm Richard Wagner, German Wilhelm Richard Wagner; May 22, 1813, Leipzig - February 13, 1883, Venice) is a German composer and art theorist. The largest reformer of opera, Wagner had a significant influence on European musical culture, especially German

Evgeny Martynov (05/22/1948 [Kamyshin] - 09/03/1990 [Moscow]) - Soviet pop singer, composer, musician, teacher

Victor Monday (05/22/1937 [Rostov-on-Don]) - Soviet footballer, author of the "golden goal" of the USSR national team in the European Cup final 1960

George Best (05/22/1946 [Belfast] - 11/25/2005 [London]) - famous Irish footballer

Paul Edward Winfield (05/22/1939 [Los Angeles] - 03/07/2004 [Los Angeles]) - American theater, film and television actor

Susan Strazberg (05/22/1938 [New York] - 01/21/1999 [New York]) - American actress

Richard Benjamin (05/22/1938 [New York]) - American actor and director

Ethel Shannon (05/22/1898 [Denver Colorado.] - 07/10/1951 [Hollywood]) - American silent film actress

Alla Nazimova (05/22/1879 [Yalta] - 07/13/1946 [Los Angeles]) - American theater and film actress, producer and screenwriter

Leonid Leonidov (05/22/1873 [Odessa] - 08/06/1941 [Moscow]) - actor of the Moscow Art Theater

Arthur Conan Doyle (05/22/1859 [Edinburgh] - 07/07/1930 [Crowborough]) - english writer

August II the Strong (05/22/1670 [Dresden] - 02/01/1733 [Warsaw]) - King of Poland

in 1907, the actor Laurence Olivier was born in England, who played Crassus in the film "Spartacus" and Darcy in the film "Pride and Prejudice" in 1940

in 1920, actor Nikolai Grinko was born in Kherson, who played Professor Gromov in the film "The Adventures of Electronics" and dad Carlo in the film "The Adventures of Buratino"

in 1924 the famous singer Charles Aznavour was born in Paris

in 1961 in Vinnitsa was born actor Sergei Veksler, who played Ablimmed in the TV series "The Last Janissary", Dmitry Voronov in the TV series "Flint" and Savva Morozov in the film "Savva Morozov"

in 1969, actor Michael Kelly was born in Philadelphia, who played John Krakauer in the movie "Everest", Steve Lombard in the movie "Man of Steel" and Agent Fuller in the movie "The Illusion of Deception"

in 1970, model Naomi Campbell was born, the famous black panther

In 1978, actress Ginnifer Goodwin was born in Memphis, who played Snow White in the series "Once Upon a Time", Rachel in the movie "Groom for Rent" and Mrs. Strunk in the movie "A Single Man"

In 1979, actress Maggie Q was born in Honolulu, who played Tory in the movie "Divergent", Nikita in the TV series "Nikita" and My Lin in the movie "Die Hard 4.0"

in 1980, the actor Andrei Chadov was born in Moscow, who played Alexander Nazarov in the series "A Matter of Honor", Kesha in the film " Perfect couple"and Anton in the TV series" Provocateur "

in 1981, actress Yulia Melnikova was born, who played Naira in the TV series "Belovodye. Secret Country", Marina in the film "Hurry to Love" and Larisa in the TV series "Turkish Transit"

in 1984, actress Elizaveta Oliferova was born, who played Katya in the TV series "The General's Granddaughter" and Marina Berestova in the TV series "Practice"

In 1986, actress Molly Ephraim was born in Pennsylvania, who played Mandy Baxter in the TV series "The Last a real man", Eli Rae in Paranormal Activity 2 & 3 and Wendy in Daddy's Daughter.

Dates May 22

International dates

Biological Diversity Day has been celebrated since 2001

All the diversity of life on the planet today is rapidly decreasing: forests are being cut down, plants are dying out, animals are disappearing. And in many ways the person is to blame, his vigorous activity. The World Conservation Union has identified 7 main factors provoking the loss of biological diversity: loss of the natural environment; competition from invasive species; desertification; environmental pollution; uncontrolled use of natural resources; global climate change; population growth and, as a result, excessive consumption. Most of these factors are the result of human activity.

National dates

Yarilo Wet - slavic holiday late spring - early summer.

Day armed forces in Kyrgyzstan

National holiday of the formation of a united republic in Yemen

The holiday dedicated to Nikolai the Ugodnik is celebrated twice: in the spring - on May 22 and in the winter - on December 19, so the people used to say "We have two Nikolaos - one Nikola with grass, the other Nikola - with winter." And indeed, the grasses from that day began to grow well, so the horses began to be driven out to graze, equipping single guys at night. And in the evenings, girls joined them, starting songs and round dances.

By the way, Nikolin used to be considered the day when the boys enter adult life, and there was no adult control over them that day.

The signs of the weather on May 22 were as follows: in a humid and foggy morning, it was necessary to wash with dew for a person to be healthy, and a good harvest for the earth. And the rain on Nikola was considered a good omen.

May 22 events happened - historical dates

in 1455 the war of the Scarlet and White Roses began

in 1849 Abraham Lincoln obtained a patent for the design of a floating dock. This is the only president in the United States to receive a patent for an invention.

in 1856 the Tretyakov Gallery was founded. On this day, merchant and textile manufacturer Pavel Tretyakov purchased the first paintings for his collection. Currently, the Tretyakov Gallery's holdings number over 100,000 works of art, and the gallery itself is ranked among the most valuable objects of our culture.

in 1892, the toothpaste tube was invented by Washington Sheffield. It was the first product to be the first to be packaged in a tube.

in 1911, the International Federation of Cynologists was founded. The federation, according to 2009, includes cynological federations from 83 countries, including Russia. The FCI has recognized 339 dog breeds. Each of the member countries prepares a standard for "their" breed, which is then approved by the FCI.

in 1940, the USSR instituted the insignia of the Hero of Socialist Labor - the Hammer and Sickle medal, which was awarded to more than 16,000 people

in 1990 Microsoft began selling Windows 3.0. It was the first operating system to break the 640 KB memory threshold. In just a couple of weeks, they bought more than 100,000 copies, and later the number of copies sold crossed the threshold of 10 million.

May 22 events

The Tretyakov Gallery, which is National Museum Russian fine arts of the 10-20th centuries, was founded in 1856. On the date indicated by us, the famous Russian collector Pavel Tretyakov bought several paintings by prominent artists Khudyakov and Schilder.

While still young, Tretyakov set himself the goal of founding a museum that would become famous throughout Russia. For 40 years, he walked towards his dream, slowly but surely, without turning off the right direction. Having established strong friendships with the Itinerant artists, the collector was able to acquire their best works.

In 1856, Tretyakov's dream came true. On May 22, the official opening of the museum took place, but it only opened its doors for public viewing in 1881.

Today the Tretyakov Gallery has more than one hundred thousand different works of art, concentrated in the architectural complex at the building on Krymsky Val and Lavrushinsky Lane. By the decree of the head of the Russian Federation, the Tretyakov Gallery was ranked among the most valuable cultural and historical sites in the Russian Federation.

At that time, Dr. Sheffield could not even imagine that his invention would eventually become one of the most demanded objects of human life. And although today tubes are filled with different products (creams, dyes, food, etc.), toothpaste became the first substance packaged in a tube container.

Until the end of the nineteenth century, to maintain teeth in proper order, mankind used dental powders, which were sold in small paper envelopes. Soon this powder began to "liquefy", so the dentist W. Sheffield was puzzled by the goal of inventing a convenient packaging for liquid toothpaste.

The person who gave the doctor the idea was an American artist who kept his paints in a tubular container. The dentist decided that after some transformations, such tubes can be used to store liquefied toothpaste. Inspired by the idea, the doctor started seriously releasing toothpaste in tubes.

However, due to his enthusiasm for his own business, the dentist forgot to patent the container he invented in time, and a year later the pharmacist Colgate - the inventor of liquid toothpaste - entrusted this mission to himself. After some time, Colgate thought of packing all kinds of creams, ointments and paint in tubes.

Signs May 22 - the day of Nikola Veshnigoo

The people called the holiday differently: the day of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, the day of St. Nicholas in the spring, St. Nicholas the warm. This is one of the main holidays in Russia, since the people considered Nicholas the Wonderworker to be their patron and patron. He was especially revered by sailors and travelers. On May 22, they turned to the saint for help and deliverance from troubles. They said that the cold will hit Nikola's field 12 more times. Also on May 22, lilacs were blooming.

We went to church on May 22 to pray to Nicholas the Wonderworker, and said: “Saint Nicholas the Pleasant! Help me holy miracle worker! Cover me with your miracle and save me from all misfortunes. "

It is known that Nikolai also saved children from troubles, patronized young couples and prevented fires in the fields. On May 22, they prayed to him for the health of horses and protection from thieves. The people called him the patron saint of spring. Be sure to try to feed the disadvantaged people on May 22, otherwise you will have to starve yourself during the year.

On May 22, they prayed to Saint Nicholas for the health of the horses and only after that they were saddled, otherwise the demonic power would ride horses and drive the horses to death. And if on May 22 they saw that the horse was flinching, they would definitely say: “Shoot, devilry". They began to drive the horses at night - for this, young youths gathered all together and drove the animals.

Are you wondering what Orthodox holiday is today, May 22, 2020? On this day, according to the old style - May 9, the church honors the memory of several saints. Noted:

  • The day of the transfer of the relics of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker to the city of Bari,
  • Memorial Day of Saint Isaiah,
  • Memorial Day of Saint Christopher,
  • Memorial Day of the Monk Shio (Simeon) Mgvimsky,
  • Memorial Day Saint Joseph of Optina.
  • We will tell you about each of them.

What Orthodox holiday falls on May 22?

The Day of Remembrance of St. Nicholas is popularly called "Nicholas Veshniy", "Nicholas with Warmth", "Nicholas the Merciful". Other holidays in honor of this saint are also known: on August 11, they celebrate his Christmas (this day is called "Nikola autumn"), and December 19 is the day of death (the holiday "Nikola winter," Nikola frosty, Nikola cold ").

In addition, the memory of Nicholas the Wonderworker is honored Orthodox Church every Thursday, this saint is often commemorated at services and on other days of the week.

In the old days, foreign travelers testified that the Russian people give him special worship: "Nikol ... like God is worshiped by the Orthodox." The Volga and Siberian peoples of Russia called him "Nikola - Russian God".

In our country, many monasteries and temples are dedicated to him, and in many cities the main cathedrals are named after him. Nikolskaya is one of the main towers of the Moscow Kremlin.

In honor of whom is the church holiday celebrated on May 22 in 2020?

Saint Nicholas was born in the third century in the Roman province of Lycia. He was very devout from childhood, and when he grew up, he gave all his considerable fortune to the poor.

According to legend, during a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, he calmed the raging sea by offering prayers. Thanks to his help, three girls from poor family, to whom he left a dowry, were able to happily marry. He also saved from death innocent people who were condemned by the greedy mayor.

Saint Nicholas is considered the patron saint of travelers and seafarers, merchants and children, as well as people who were undeservedly condemned.

According to Metropolitan Anthony of Sourozh, he “... cared about every human need, about the most modest human needs. He knew how to rejoice with those who rejoice, he knew how to cry with those who weeping, he knew how to comfort and support those who needed consolation and support. And that is why (...) the entire Christian people revere him so much "...

Let us tell you in more detail what Christians celebrate for the holiday on May 22 according to the church calendar. At first, the Day of the transfer of the relics of St. Nicholas was celebrated only by residents of the Italian city of Bari, where many miracles happened after the discovery of this shrine.

Later, this holiday began to be celebrated by the Russian and Bulgarian churches. In our country, it was installed at the end of the 11th century. On this day, services are held in churches, believers read prayers to Nicholas the Wonderworker, give alms to the poor, and do other good deeds.

It is believed that prayers addressed to St. Nicholas are capable of healing the sick, helping people in times of trouble and misfortune. No wonder they say: "Whoever loves Nicholas, who serves Nicholas, St. Nicholas helps him at every hour."

According to tradition, on the day of this Orthodox holiday On May 22, 2020, you cannot do hard work, clean the house, wash; you can't quarrel, swear. You should also devote more time to your family and friends.

It is worth mentioning that in the Slavic folk tradition Nicholas became a kind of "heir" to the pagan god Veles - the patron saint of agriculture and domestic animals. The peasants often turned to this saint with requests to save their livestock and crops.

In the old days, on the Day of His Remembrance, the peasants drove their horses into the field, went into the night and therefore asked Nicholas the Protector to protect the horses from predators and horse thieves. Young people took part in the holiday: single guys were leading horses into the field, and girls were preparing pies with buckwheat for young people. It was believed that from that day on, livestock could completely switch to pasture.

The people believed that what day it was for St. Nicholas was the same for St. Nicholas in winter. If the morning was humid and foggy, then it was necessary to wash with dew: this promised health to people.

What other Christian holidays do believers celebrate on May 22, 2020?

Memorial Day of Saint Isaiah. He lived 7 centuries before the birth of Christ and possessed the gift of working miracles. He prophesied about the coming of the Savior, calling the Messiah God and Man, the Teacher of all nations, the Founder of the Kingdom of peace and love. Isaiah left a book of prophecy, where he stated: “This bearer of our sins and hurt us ... He was wounded for our sins and we are tormented for our iniquities. The punishment of our peace is upon Him, and by His stripes we are healed ... ”(Ch. 53, 4, 5. See the book of the Prophet Isaiah, Ch. 7, 14, Ch. II, 1, Ch. 9, 6, Ch. 53 , 4, chap. 60, 13, etc.). The death of the saint was painful: by order of the Jewish king Manasseh, he was sawed through with a wooden saw.

Another saint who is revered on May 22 is Christopher of Lycia (real name - Reprev), who lived in the 3rd century. He preached the Christian faith among the pagans. He performed miracles: for example, a dry rod blossomed in the hands of the saint, and when, during the journey, the soldiers who captivated him did not have enough bread, he multiplied it in abundance, after which they converted to Christianity. He was killed by decree of the emperor Decius.

Shio (Simeon) Mgvimsky, who is remembered on May 22 in the church, lived at the end of the 5th century in Antioch in Syria. He donated all the funds of his wealthy parents: he gave part to the poor, part donated to monasteries, and also freed the slaves. This is one of the most revered saints of the Georgian Church, the founder of monasticism in this country. He founded the Mgvim monastery, he is the author of 160 teachings for the monastic community. He was one of the 12 chosen disciples of St. John. In Christianity, he is revered as a miracle worker.

Also on May 22, the Day of Remembrance of the Monk Joseph of Optina (in the world - Ivan Litovkin) is celebrated. He was born in 1837, was the elder of the Optina Monastery, a hieromonk. He was glorified among the monks in 2000, included in the Cathedral of the 14 venerable elders of Optina Hermitage. He died in 1911.

Also on this day are honored:

  • Hieromartyr Vasily Kolosov, presbyter,
  • Hieromartyr Demetrius of the Resurrection, presbyter,
  • Monk Martyr Nikolai Vuneni.

(VI) ( Georgian Orthodox Church);

  • transfer of the relics of the martyr Abraham the Bulgarian, Vladimir wonderworker (1230) ( rolling celebration in 2016);
  • righteous Tabitha of Joppa(I) ( rolling celebration in 2016);
  • memory of the martyr Dmitry Voskresensky, presbyter (1938);
  • memory Hieromartyr Vasily Kolosov, presbyter (1939);
  • memory The Perekop Icon of the Mother of God.

    • Birthday

    Events

    Until the 18th century

    XVIII century

    19th century

    XX century

    XXI Century

    Discoveries

    • - furniture maker from Philadelphia Henry Kennedy received a patent for " armchair with a folding back ".
    • - Abraham Lincoln received a patent numbered 6469 for the design of a floating dry dock. Until now, he is the only president USA- holder of a patent for an invention.

    Were born

    Until the 19th century

    • - Jacob Stehlin(d.), the first historian of Russian art, the creator of a unique fireworks theater.
    • - Hubert Robert(d.), French landscape painter.

    19th century

    XX century

    Passed away

    • - Louis-Alexander Expilli de la Poip (fr. Louis-Alexandre Expilly de La Poipe ) (born), the first French priest elected in States General of 1789.
    • - Augustin Thierry(Augustin Thierry) (b.), French historian (History of the Norman Conquest of England).
    • - Joseph Franz von Allioli(p.), Germanic Catholic theologian and a teacher.
    • - Jacques Bresse (Jacques Antoine Charles Bresse) (p.), French mathematician.
    • - Victor Hugo(R. ), French Writer.
    • - Isabella Augusta Gregory(p.), Irish writer, playwright and collector of folklore (d.).
    • - Madelon Szekeli-Lulofs(Madelon Szekely-Lulofs) (b.), Dutch writer.
    • - Cecil Day-Lewis(Cecil Day-Lewis) (b.), Irish poet.
    • - Margaret Rutherford(Margaret Rutherford) (b.), English actress.
    • - Albert Claude(p.), Belgian-American biologist, Nobel laureate in physiology or medicine 1974 year"For discoveries concerning the structural and functional organization of the cell" (together with Christian De Duve(Christian René de Duve) and George Palade.
    • - Kronid Arkadievich Lyubarsky(p.), human rights activist and journalist, first deputy editor-in-chief of the Novoye Vremya magazine.
    • - John Derek(p.), American film actor, director, producer.
    • - John Arthur Gielgud(John Arthur Gielgud) (p.), English actor , director.
    • - Florakis Charilaos(p. Before Rostov had time to ponder and determine how far these shots were, the adjutant of Count Osterman Tolstoy galloped from Vitebsk with the order to trot along the road.
      The squadron drove around the infantry and the battery, which was also in a hurry to go faster, went downhill and, passing through some empty village without inhabitants, again climbed the mountain. Horses began to lather, people flushed.
      - Stop, be equal! - the divisional team was heard ahead.
      - Left shoulder forward, step march! - commanded ahead.
      And the hussars along the line of troops passed to the left flank of the position and stood behind our uhlans, who were standing in the first line. On the right was our infantry in a thick column — these were reserves; higher up on the mountain were visible in the clean clean air, in the morning, oblique and bright, illumination, on the very horizon, our cannons. Enemy columns and cannons were visible ahead of the ravine. In the hollow we could hear our chain, which had already entered into action and merrily flipped with the enemy.
      Rostov, as from the sounds of the most cheerful music, felt cheerful in his soul from these sounds, which had not been heard for a long time. Trap ta ta tap! - clapped, then suddenly, then quickly, one after the other several shots. Again everything fell silent, and again it was as if the crackers were cracking, on which someone was walking.
      The hussars stood in one place for about an hour. The cannonade also began. Count Osterman and his retinue rode behind the squadron, stopping, talking to the regiment commander, and drove off to the cannons on the mountain.
      Following the departure of Osterman, the lancers heard the command:
      - In the column, line up for the attack! - The infantry in front of them doubled platoons to let the cavalry through. The lancers set off, swaying their peak with weathercocks, and trotted downhill towards the French cavalry, which appeared to the left under the mountain.
      As soon as the lancers went downhill, the hussars were ordered to move uphill, to cover the battery. While the hussars were taking the place of the lancers, distant bullets flew from the chain, screeching and whistling.
      This sound, which had not been heard for a long time, had an even more joyful and exciting effect on Rostov than the previous sounds of shooting. He straightened up, looked at the battlefield, which opened from the mountain, and with all his soul participated in the movement of the lancers. The lancers flew close to the French dragoons, something got confused there in the smoke, and five minutes later the lancers rushed back not to the place where they stood, but to the left. Between the orange lancers on red horses and behind them, in a large heap, were blue French dragoons on gray horses.

      Rostov, with his keen hunting eye, was one of the first to see these blue French dragoons pursuing our lancers. Closer, closer, the lancers and the French dragoons, pursuing them, were moving in frustrated crowds. It was already possible to see how these, seemingly small under the mountain, people collided, overtook each other and waved their hands or sabers.
      Rostov, as if persecuted, looked at what was happening in front of him. He instinctively sensed that if they now attack the French dragoons with the hussars, they would not be able to resist; but if they hit, then it was necessary now, this very minute, otherwise it would be too late. He looked around him. The captain, standing beside him, did not take his eyes off the cavalry below in the same way.
      - Andrey Sevastyanych, - said Rostov, - we will doubt them ...
      - It would be a dashing thing, - said the captain, - but in fact ...
      Rostov, not listening to him, pushed the horse, galloped ahead of the squadron, and before he had time to command the movement, the whole squadron, experiencing the same thing as he, set off after him. Rostov himself did not know how and why he did it. All this he did, as he did on the hunt, without thinking, without thinking. He saw that the dragoons were close, that they were jumping, upset; he knew that they would not stand, he knew that there was only one minute that would not come back if he missed it. The bullets squealed and whistled so excitedly around him, the horse begged so hotly forward that he could not stand it. He touched the horse, gave command, and at the same instant, hearing the sound of his deployed squadron stomping behind him, at full trot, began to descend to the dragoons downhill. As soon as they went downhill, their gait of the trot involuntarily turned into a gallop, becoming faster and faster as they approached their lancers and the French dragoons galloping behind them. The dragoons were close. The front ones, seeing the hussar, began to turn back, the rear ones stopped. With the feeling with which he was rushing across the wolf, Rostov, releasing his bottom at full swing, galloped across the frustrated ranks of the French dragoons. One lancer stopped, one footman fell to the ground so that he would not be crushed, one horse without a rider got mixed up with the hussars. Almost all the French dragoons galloped back. Rostov, choosing one of them on a gray horse, set off after him. On the way, he ran into a bush; a kind horse carried him over him, and, barely managing to get on the saddle, Nikolai saw that in a few moments he would catch up with the enemy he had chosen as his target. This Frenchman was probably an officer - in his uniform, bent over, galloped on his gray horse, urging it on with a saber. A moment later, Rostov's horse struck the officer's horse with his chest, almost knocked it down, and at the same instant Rostov, without knowing why, raised his saber and hit the Frenchman with it.
      The instant he did this, all of Rostov's animation suddenly disappeared. The officer fell not so much from the blow of the saber, which only slightly cut his arm above the elbow, but from the thrust of the horse and from fear. Rostov, restraining his horse, looked with the eyes of his enemy in order to see whom he had defeated. A French dragoon officer jumped on the ground with one foot, caught on the stirrup with the other. He, squinting in fright, as if expecting every second of a new blow, frowning, with an expression of horror, looked up at Rostov. His face, pale and splattered with mud, blond, young, with a hole in his chin and light blue eyes, was not the most for the battlefield, not an enemy face, but the most simple room face. Even before Rostov decided what he would do with him, the officer shouted: "Je me rends!" [I give up!] He, in a hurry, wanted and could not get his leg out of the stirrup and, without taking his frightened blue eyes, looked at Rostov. The hussars who jumped up freed his leg and put him on the saddle. The hussars from different sides fiddled with the dragoons: one was wounded, but, with his face covered in blood, did not give his horse; the other, embracing the hussar, sat on the rump of his horse; the third climbed, supported by the hussar, onto his horse. The French infantry ran ahead, firing. The hussars galloped hurriedly back with their prisoners. Rostov galloped back with the others, experiencing some kind of unpleasant feeling that squeezed his heart. Something vague, confused, which he could not explain to himself, was revealed to him by the capture of this officer and the blow that he inflicted on him.
      Count Osterman Tolstoy met the returning hussars, called Rostov, thanked him and said that he would introduce the sovereign about his valiant deed and would ask for the St. George Cross for him. When Rostov was demanded to see Count Osterman, he, remembering that his attack had been launched without orders, was quite convinced that his boss was demanding him in order to punish him for his unauthorized act. Therefore, the flattering words of Osterman and the promise of a reward should have struck Rostov all the more joyfully; but the same unpleasant, vague feeling morally nauseated him. “What is it that torments me? He asked himself as he drove away from the general. - Ilyin? No, he's whole. Am I ashamed of anything? No. It's not that! - Something else tormented him like remorse. - Yes, yes, this French officer with a hole. And I remember well how my hand stopped when I raised it. "
      Rostov saw the prisoners being taken away and galloped after them to see his Frenchman with a hole in his chin. He, in his strange uniform, sat on a clockwork hussar horse and looked around him restlessly. The wound on his arm was almost not a wound. He pretended to smile at Rostov and waved his hand at him in the form of a greeting. Rostov was still ashamed and ashamed of something.
      All this and the next day, Rostov's friends and comrades noticed that he was not boring, not angry, but silent, thoughtful and concentrated. He drank reluctantly, tried to stay alone and was thinking about something.
      Rostov kept thinking about this brilliant feat of his, which, to his surprise, acquired the St. George Cross for him and even made him a reputation for being a brave man - and could not understand anything at all. “So they are even more afraid of ours! He thought. - So only that is all, that which is called heroism? And did I do this for the fatherland? And what is he to blame with his hole and blue eyes? And how scared he was! He thought I was going to kill him. Why should I kill him? My hand trembled. And they gave me the St.George cross. Nothing, I don't understand anything! "
      But while Nikolai was processing these questions in himself and still did not give himself a clear account of what had so confused him, the wheel of happiness in the service, as often happens, turned in his favor. He was pushed forward after the Ostrovnensky case, they gave him a battalion of hussars and, when it was necessary to employ a brave officer, they gave him instructions.

      Having received news of Natasha's illness, the countess, still not entirely healthy and weak, with Petya and the whole house came to Moscow, and the whole Rostov family moved from Marya Dmitrievna to their house and settled in Moscow.
      Natasha's illness was so serious that, to the happiness of her and to the happiness of her family, the thought of everything that was the cause of her illness, her act and the break with her fiancé passed into the background. She was so sick that it was impossible to think about how much she was to blame for everything that happened, while she did not eat, did not sleep, noticeably lost weight, coughed and was, as the doctors made it felt, in danger. All I had to think about was helping her. The doctors visited Natasha both separately and in consultation, spoke a lot in French, German and Latin, condemned each other, prescribed a variety of medicines for all diseases known to them; but none of them had the simple idea that they could not be aware of the disease that Natasha suffered, just as not a single disease that a living person is possessed by can be known: for each living person has his own characteristics and always has a special and new, complex, unknown to medicine disease, not a disease of the lungs, liver, skin, heart, nerves, etc., recorded in medicine, but a disease consisting of one of the innumerable compounds in the suffering of these organs. This simple thought could not come to doctors (just as a sorcerer cannot come to the idea that he cannot conjure) because their life's work was to heal, because they received money for that, and because they spent on this business best years own life. But the main thing is that this thought could not come to the doctors because they saw that they were undoubtedly useful, and were really useful for all the Rostovs at home. They were not useful because they forced the patient to swallow for the most part harmful substances(this harm was not very sensitive, because harmful substances were given in small quantities), but they are useful, necessary, inevitable (the reason is why there are always and will be imaginary healers, sorcerers, homeopaths and allopaths) because they satisfied the moral needs of the patient and people who love the sick. They satisfied that eternal human need for hope for relief, the need for sympathy and activity that a person experiences during suffering. They satisfied that eternal, human - noticeable in a child in its most primitive form - the need to rub the place that was bruised. The child will be killed and immediately runs into the arms of the mother, the nanny, in order to be kissed and rubbed at the sore spot, and it becomes easier for him when the sore spot is rubbed or kissed. The child does not believe that the strongest and wisest of him do not have the means to help his pain. And the hope of relief and the expression of sympathy while his mother rubs his bump consoles him. The doctors were useful for Natasha in that they kissed and rubbed the bobo, assuring that it would pass now, if the coachman went to the Arbat pharmacy and took seven hryvnia of powders and pills in a pretty box for a ruble, and if these powders would certainly be in two hours, no more and no less, the patient will take it in boiled water.
      What would Sonya, the count and the countess do, how they would look at the weak, melting Natasha, doing nothing, if there weren't these pills by the hour, drinking a lukewarm chicken cutlet and all the details of life prescribed by the doctor, which were the occupation and consolation for others? The stricter and more complex these rules were, the more comforting it was for those around them. How would the count bear the illness of his beloved daughter, if he didn’t know that Natasha’s illness cost him thousands of rubles and that he would not regret thousands more to do her good: if he didn’t know that if she didn’t get well, he wouldn’t will spare thousands more and take her abroad and make consultations there; if he had not had the opportunity to tell the details of how Metivier and Feller did not understand, and Freese understood, and Mudrov defined the disease even better? What would the countess do if she could not sometimes quarrel with the sick Natasha for not fully observing the doctor's orders?
      “You’ll never get well,” she said, forgetting her grief in frustration, “if you don’t obey the doctor and take your medicine at the wrong time! After all, you can't joke with this when you might get pneumonia, ”the countess said, and in the pronunciation of this one word, which was not understandable to her, she already found great consolation. What would Sonya do if she did not have the joyful consciousness that she did not undress for three nights at first in order to be ready to fulfill exactly all the doctor's prescriptions, and that now she does not sleep at night in order not to miss hours , in which it is necessary to give harmless pills from a golden box? Even Natasha herself, who, although she said that no medicine would cure her and that all this was nonsense, was glad to see that so many donations were made for her that she had to take medicine at certain times, and even she was happy was that she, neglecting the fulfillment of the prescribed, could show that she did not believe in treatment and did not value her life.
      The doctor went every day, felt the pulse, looked at the tongue and, not paying attention to her murdered face, joked with her. But on the other hand, when he went into another room, the Countess hurriedly followed him, and he, assuming a serious look and shaking his head thoughtfully, said that, although there was danger, he hoped for the effect of this last medicine, and that we had to wait and see ; that the disease is more moral, but ...
      The countess, trying to hide this act from herself and from the doctor, thrust a gold one into his hand and each time with a reassured heart returned to the patient.
      Natasha's signs of illness were that she ate little, slept little, coughed and never revived. Doctors said that the patient should not be left without medical care, and therefore kept her in the city in the stuffy air. And in the summer of 1812 the Rostovs did not leave for the countryside.
      In spite of a large number of swallowed pills, drops and powders from jars and boxes, from which Madame Schoss, a hunter for these little things, collected large collection Despite the absence of the usual village life, youth took its toll: Natasha's grief began to be covered with a layer of impressions of her life, it ceased to lie in her heart with such excruciating pain, it began to become the past, and Natasha began to physically recover.

      Natasha was calmer, but not more cheerful. She not only avoided all external conditions of joy: balls, skating, concerts, theater; but she never laughed so that tears were not heard because of her laughter. She couldn't sing. As soon as she began to laugh or tried to sing alone with herself, tears choked her: tears of remorse, tears of memories of that irrevocable, pure time; tears of annoyance that so, for nothing, she ruined her young life, which could have been so happy. Laughter and singing especially seemed to her a blasphemy over her grief. She never thought of coquetry; she didn't even have to abstain. She spoke and felt that at that time all the men were to her exactly the same as the jester Nastasya Ivanovna. The inner guard firmly forbade her any joy. Yes, and she did not have all the former interests of life from that girlish, carefree, hopeful lifestyle. Most often and most painfully she recalled autumn months, hunting, uncle and Christmastide spent with Nicolas in Otradnoye. What would she give to return at least one day from that time! But it was over forever. Her presentiment did not deceive her then that that state of freedom and openness to all joys would never return again. But I had to live.

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