Section: Development, learning (rhymes for children who do not speak well). Poems at 2 years old. Do all children speak well? And in general, when exactly did your child tell the poem for the first time, and what was it like? How did you start learning verse?

For two months, children from 2 to 17 years old throughout Russia recited poems about spring and spring holidays as part of the competition “Children read poetry for Reading we started very early. When my daughter was about 6 months old, I began to read poetry to her while laying down.

What poems do you read to your child? Do you plan to read Blok, Pasternak, Mayakovsky, Fet and Tyutchev, etc.? If yes, at what age? What poems do you teach with your child?

When the child began to try to read, I hung the names of objects throughout the apartment (wall, door, kitchen, toilet), the names of everyone. He reads words wherever he sees - on the street, in the store, in books. Counts (plus, minus up to 10) it doesn’t matter, it’s hard to learn poetry, (I think it’s not enough ...

According to my observations, non-reading children still begin to read in the classroom at 6-7, if there is a culture of reading in the family. I began to read to remember my childhood, so that the child would not be ashamed that I did not know fairy tales and poems, and then I just liked it and when I appeared ...

We started reading very early. When my daughter was about 6 months old, I began to read poetry to her while laying down. A woman should evaluate her strength as follows: will she be able to smile at this child when her husband is still feeling bad.

Start reciting the poem in front of your child for yourself. First, repeat it completely three times (more). In addition, if poetry is constantly read to a child, it becomes familiar and understandable to him. Therefore, forcing him to learn such rhymes ...

When do children mature to listen to fairy tales and poems? When can I start reading them at night and not only? I don't have enough nerves. And our folder reads. It looks something like this: Starts to read - Anka sits on his knees.

Every mother reads to her beloved baby. Whether it's fairy tales, children's books, or just a glossy magazine - the baby likes to listen to everything. The main thing for him is not so much the content of what he heard, but his mother's favorite voice addressed to him with reading.

Everyone has their own approach, but I will share mine with you.

Gleb's books

I started reading Gleb when I was still pregnant. It seems that he liked it - actively pushed and hit on the kidneys. I tried to read everything I read in those months aloud. From children's books I read only my favorite Winnie the Pooh, and everything else that interested me. Thus, my child is familiar with the basics of quantum mechanics, baking in an air grill and the masterpieces of Francoise Sagan.

Books were given to us by relatives and friends, sometimes I bought them myself. Thus, at the moment, we have a good collection - Gleb already has a whole bookshelf of his own. There are also educational books for children, and fairy tales, and educational materials. There are also my children's books, which my mother carefully preserved, as well as soft plush books and rubberized bathing books.

Gleb books like very much . Firstly: you can gnaw, suck and lick them, secondly: you can have fun playing with them - put one book on top of another, collect pyramids from them, thirdly: mom, looking at them, starts to tell something cheerfully ( this, of course, is not as interesting as the previous two virtues of the books, but not bad either). Gleb loves to listen to my performance by Korney Chukovsky (“Telephone”, “Moydodyr” and “Cockroach”) and Pushkin (collection of fairy tales) - my son loves the classics. I think that such love is due to the rhythm of the verses, since he hardly understands the content yet.

Recently in the collection appeared "Mitten", "Ugly Duckling" and "Cat's House", donated by my grandmother. There are very wonderful bright illustrations that attract children's attention completely and for a long time.

Find a hero

Somehow, while reading another book, it occurred to me idea of ​​a new educational game for son. We named her "find a hero" . Its essence, as you may have guessed by the name, is to find a certain hero of the book. It works like this: we show the kid on the cover, for example, in a book about the ugly duckling, the main character - the duckling itself, and then ask the kid to find the duckling on other pages.

It is advisable to choose such a hero that he meets on every page of the book, then the search process turns out to be more interesting. Thanks to this game, we, firstly: learn to turn the pages on our own (we must continue to find a duckling), secondly: we develop observation skills (we are looking for a duckling among other heroes), thirdly: we learn new words (the word “duckling” itself, and also in parallel - the names of all the other heroes with whom the son, at first, confuses the duckling).

The game is very funny and developing, the son is completely delighted when, finally, the cherished duckling or kitten is found. It can be combined with parallel reading of a book, then auditory perception is also involved. In general, this game has a huge field for improvement.

Finally

To read or not to read to a child? From my experience - definitely read! This is a great pastime for both the child and his parents, fun and useful. And it does not matter when to start reading to your child: even during pregnancy, or when the baby is one year old. It is important for mom and dad to have attention and have fun together, which reading can easily provide. There is nothing better for a child than parental love and affection! Read for health!

Happy reading and have fun!

Many mothers wonder at what age they should start reading fairy tales and books to their children. Someone will say that not earlier than a year, but better than two, because before that the baby will understand little. I am sure that it is necessary to read from the moment the child begins to hear, and this is the 16-17th week of pregnancy!

“Reading is the best teaching!” A.S. Pushkin

At what age should children start reading fairy tales?

1. Pregnancy

I started reading fairy tales to my daughter when she was still in her tummy. The baby really likes to listen to his mother's voice. But I couldn’t psychologically talk to my tummy, so I read it to him 🙂 It doesn’t matter at all what book you choose, you can also take your favorite novel.

2. Newborn

From a month old, a baby can already be shown beautiful pictures. Better, for starters, black and white. At 1-2 months old, my daughter looked at pictures with pleasure and listened to fairy tales and poems. Basically, we spent all the time of her wakefulness with books. We read Agniya Barto and the Adventures of Pinocchio. We both enjoyed it.

It is important to choose books with large colorful pictures, but not a lot of text on the page. Will do.

3. From 5 months to 1.5 years

This age of the child for me was the most difficult in terms of reading. She began touching the books, tearing them out of her hands, turning the pages and frequently tearing them. Then I found the only way out - I bought cardboard books! We read and chewed on them. 🙂

4. 1.5 to 3 years

What have I achieved?

At 2 years old, my daughter was already telling fairy tales on her own! I am sure that this is due to the fact that we read a lot with her from birth.

An excellent article that I would recommend to all reading families. Well, just in case, if someone has not yet read about the age at which a child can be introduced to a book, at what age it is better to consider and comment, and from what age to read. You can find it in the magazine "Mom and Baby".

How to read to a child? Live communication with the book that the baby “reads” with his mother is a significant step towards the development of his imaginative thinking and intelligence. A good book generously fills the child's need for new information and gives him new experiences that will stay with him for life. With the help of the printed word, parents can find the shortest way to understanding for the baby what kindness, generosity, nobility, true friendship are.

Alexandra Morozova, Irina Alexandrova
Alexandra Morozova - preschool teacher; Irina Aleksandrova - philologist, teacher of the highest category.

From 0 to 5-6 months

Acquaintance with the book is possible already at the most tender age (from 0 to 5-6 months), and it is better to start it with children's poems and songs: babies feel the poetic and musical rhythm very well. Still not understanding the meaning of words, they are already able to adequately respond to their rhythm and intonation of their mother's voice: if mother's words sound playful and fun, the baby smiles; if mom speaks in a serious voice, he also becomes serious. This is how the baby develops vital emotions.

6 months to a year

From 5-6 months, the child begins to actively use his hands - he likes to touch various objects, shake them, taste them. It's time for the baby to get acquainted with toy books that help develop his tactile memory and fine motor skills, which in turn stimulates the development of speech. A child can feel such a book, studying the material from which it is made with the help of fingers, taste it and look at the pictures. So the baby has the first experience of communication with the book.

The illustrations in such books should be large, bright, better with different textures and, if possible, "talking". For example, a cow, when touched, begins to moo, and a dog barks. And the mother must help the baby learn how to “communicate” with them correctly: take the baby in your arms, leaf through the book together, look at it, press the sounding devices together and rejoice. Babies under one year of age are able to focus on a book for only a few seconds, so a few bright books can be bought for a child of this age. They should be within reach of the baby, then he will be happy to stretch from one to the other. If you notice that the child's interest in books has cooled down, remove them and offer new ones. After some time, the baby will be happy to look at the "old" books again.

Toy books can be with or without text. The text, in turn, should be small and rhythmic - for example, in the form of small melodious quatrains. They must be read in a singsong voice and with a well-defined intonation.

There are many such books on the market today. When choosing them, among other things, you need to pay attention to whether the hygienic requirements imposed on such publications are observed. First of all, look at the material from which they are made - it must be safe for the child, durable and, preferably, washable.

1 to 2 years

From the age of one to two years, more and more new words appear in the child's vocabulary. The kid has to systematize them, comparing them with specific objects and remembering in his own way. In order for a strong connection between an object and its "name" to form in the child's mind, this chain must be repeated many times: "an object is its name." And here again a smart, kind book comes to the rescue.

At this age, many children especially love books about animals. Studying them, a child may fall in love, for example, with a cat and for some time will not notice other animals depicted in the book at all. He will again and again happily turn the pages of his books, looking for cats in them. Such "love" can be used to expand the horizons of the child - for example, to tell where the cat lives, what she eats, what habits she has. So the child develops the first conscious interest in the book as a source of positive emotions and new knowledge.

It's time for a one-year-old child to master short, simple fairy tales with endless repetitions - "Gingerbread Man" ("I left my grandmother ..."), "Turnip" ("Pull - pull") and others. Repetition helps the child to better imagine the picture of what is happening and learn the meaning of what he heard.

At the age of 2 years, illustrations continue to play a large role - visual images and words gradually become one for the baby, and this is the basis for the development of visual-figurative thinking. Drawings from the first books help to form in the child an accurate idea of ​​the world in which he came. That is why books for this age should be well illustrated. And adults need to help the child connect the picture and the text together. When buying the book itself or a collection of fairy tales and poems, pay attention to their artistic design. Books for toddlers should contain a minimum of text and a maximum of illustrations. The most important requirement for drawings in books for young children is that the picture be large, colorful, picturesque, and most importantly, understandable to the baby. If the baby does not understand what is shown in the illustrations, he will lose interest in this book.

For example, when mom or dad reads the text, they look at the illustrations for the text and ask the child something like this: "Who is drawn here? Do you remember we read about him just now?" You can buy a puppet theater, then you can read the text and at the same time show the characters of the fairy tale. For the same purpose, books with three-dimensional pictures should be added to the baby's first library. While the baby's ears are listening to a fairy tale, his mobile fingers open and close the door of the hut, roll the bun along the path, stroke the fluffy back of the fox. It is only necessary to ensure that the actions of the baby correspond to the text being read at that moment - then the baby will better learn the content and will not lose interest in the reading process itself. Watch also the expression of his eyes and facial expressions. The emotions of the child will tell you a lot: what surprised him, delighted, frightened him. An observant mother after such classes will be able to draw some conclusions about the character of the growing little man (how sensitive, fearful, receptive, etc.).

When you sit down with your child to read a book, do not forget to first create an appropriate atmosphere for this lesson - nothing should distract the baby's attention from reading. To enhance the emotional perception of the text, sometimes you can put on soft classical music - pick it up in advance so that it matches the intonation of the work you are reading.

A child from one to two years old can look at a book for 10-20 minutes, but do not force him to do this, otherwise you will cause an aversion to books.

From 2 to 3 years

A two-year-old child continues to master the world through imitation, so reading at this age should be accompanied by an image of the action taking place on the pages of the book. For example, mother opens her palms wide and wiggles her fingers, showing how a butterfly flies, then puffs out her cheeks importantly and spreads her arms - clumsy Toptygin hobbles through the forest. Thus, a three-dimensional picture is built in the mind of the baby: he hears what his mother is reading to him about Mishka Kosolap, sees his image in the picture, and in addition, with the help of his mother's movements, he learns what clumsiness is. After that, the baby will try to portray the clubfoot Mishka himself - at this age he really likes to be a "repeater": jump like a bunny, wave his tail like a mouse, and break a testicle, and then cry over him, like a grandfather with a woman ...

By the age of three, the baby already speaks well and turns into a real why - questions pour out of him, as if from a cornucopia, including while reading. When reading a book, explain to the child all incomprehensible words and expressions, just do not overdo it. There is a hilarious example: a mother, who was explaining to a child what a "clatter" is, went into such a jungle that the child fell asleep without waiting for her favorite fairy tale. Read the text several times - kids love it. When there are fewer questions, it becomes possible to work on the content of the reading.

Coloring books and books in which the image of objects is inserted directly into the text increase the child's motivation to read: going from the picture to the word, the baby will make attempts to "read" on his own.

At the same age, it is appropriate to explain to the child how the book is arranged - why do we need a cover, binding, title page. It can be said that a book, like a person, has its own passport - a title page, its own style of clothing - a format, a "talking cover" that tells us about the author of this book, about the title. Ask your child to describe in words what the picture on the cover is about and guess what the book is about.

Children of this age love to re-read their favorite fairy tales several times. Each time before the baby begins to read, offer a different fairy tale, even if you are sure of his refusal. At this age, a child is overwhelmed by a crisis of contradictions, so you can achieve your goal by the opposite method: if you don’t want it, you don’t need it, then I will read to a doll or a bear. After a second, the child will say: “Read to me too!”. Children under the age of three, or even up to four years old, listen mainly to the melody of the text, verse, they poorly reproduce the storyline. And they learn to respond to the text by looking at you. Therefore, show your emotions correctly and do not be afraid to read to the baby "Cockroach" by K. Chukovsky: this is scary for you, from the height of your life experience. And for a child, this poem is nothing more than a cheerful performance with a cheerful rhythmic pattern. Children at this age do not complete the logical chain and do not think, for example, about what will happen to the wolves if they eat each other.

From 3 to 6 years

In the period from 3 to 6 years old, the child grows up quickly, and his books grow up with him. For this age, fairy tales by Pushkin, Andersen, Ershov, Volkov, Bazhov, Russian folk tales are suitable. So that the baby does not get lost in literary events and images, ask him to retell what he read - everything in order, from the very beginning. This will develop his memory and logic.

A children's book is a harmony of text and graphics, text and non-textual information. Don't forget the illustration. At this stage, it will serve as a practical guide in communicating with the book. The drawing should be designed for long-term viewing, the child returns to it more than once. The text next to the picture makes the latter "readable". Looking at illustrations in parallel with reading helps to comprehend what is read more deeply.

At this age, the child can already perceive a work of art only by ear. For its best perception, the baby should read. And in order for children to accumulate not only information about the characters and events, but also learn to associate the content of the book with its design and vice versa, it is imperative that immediately after reading, each read book should be considered with the children according to all the rules:

• first, the mother "eye to eye" reads the text to the child and does not show pictures;
• then we consider the cover together, then slowly turn the pages;
• think about what is shown on the cover, distinguish between illustrations and inscriptions;
• we demonstrate the order of reading the inscriptions from top to bottom, highlight the author's surname and the title of the book among the inscriptions on the cover;
• we correlate the author's surname with the child's personal reading experience, and the title of the book with the picture on the cover
• follows expressively, correctly placing accents-accents. If it’s hard for you to do this right away, practice first.

By the age of 5, some children begin to read on their own, but you shouldn’t force it - as a result of scientific research, it has been proven that until the age of 6, a child mainly develops the right hemisphere, which is responsible for aesthetic development, and only then the left hemisphere is connected (mathematical ), which is also responsible for reading.

Parents who want reading to remain one of their child's favorite activities for life should take into account the following important points.

First, one should take into account the psychophysical characteristics inherent in children of each age group.

Thirdly, instill in your child a careful attitude to the book. It is good if the family is initially kind to books. At the very least, books should be stored in a specific location. The kid should be taught from a very early age that the book should not be torn, it must be read or examined carefully - it is "alive", it tells us many fascinating stories. You can introduce a tradition at home: “invite” each new book into the house as the dearest guest, “seat” it in a place of honor on a bookshelf among other books-friends. Look at the illustrations for the new book, guess who or what the story will be about. A new book should be read only when the child is emotionally ready for it. Fourth, do not read hastily with your child, turn reading into a kind of ritual. The child can take a comfortable position for him - most often the kids climb onto their mother's lap. Plant it so that you can see the reaction of the crumbs. For the first time, read "eye to eye" without being distracted by the illustrations. Explain to your child that the book does not like to be interrupted. Then look at the pictures and ask the baby questions to them, try to find out if he understood what was being said, or something was not clear to him. Be sure to explain what the child did not understand and read the text again.

Fifthly, in order not to discourage the child from reading, never force him to read, and do not look at the clock - be guided only by whether the child is interested or not. Never shame the baby (especially in the presence of strangers) because he has not picked up a book for a whole week - this can cause him mental trauma. A win-win option, as in many other situations, is education with love: leafing through your favorite books in an embrace with a child, reading, distributing roles with dad, you can achieve a much greater effect than excessive strictness and prodding.

This article will focus on reading with a child under 1 year old. Many parents think that it does not make sense to start reading books to a child early, because. The kid still doesn't understand. However, it is not. The sooner you start reading books to your child, the better, and why - I will tell in this article. Also from the article you will find out which books are best for reading up to a year, and which pictures are the most interesting and useful for the baby.

Why should children read books from birth?

• Reading books to a small child expand it passive vocabulary . Of course, the baby will not immediately begin to understand the meaning of what he heard, but the words will be deposited in his memory, and gradually he will more and more identify them with real concepts. Thus, reading contributes to the development of speech.
• Like other developmental activities at an early age, reading books teaches the baby concentrate which will be very useful for future studies.
• Any communication with parents very valuable for a child. The child likes the sound of parental voices. You probably talk to your baby all the time. Reading fairy tales and poems, looking at pictures in books will further enrich the baby's impressions.
• Reading promotes development of the imagination child. At first glance, it may seem that cartoons can cope with the cognitive and educational role in a child's life just as well as books. However, unlike the book, the cartoon does not give room for the imagination. In addition, while watching a cartoon, the child does not have time to comprehend the information received, since he must perceive new video sequences that appear on the screen.

What and how to read?

You should start your acquaintance with books with short rhythmic poems and simple fairy tales based on repeated repetition, such as "Turnip", "Teremok", "Kolobok". Thanks to repetition, the child remembers and assimilates information better. As more interest in books is shown, one can introduce fairy tales with a more “intricate” plot (“Three Little Pigs”, “Three Bears”, “The Wolf and the Seven Kids”, “Little Red Riding Hood”, etc.), as well as longer and various poems. If a child is familiar with books from the cradle, then he will listen with pleasure and interest to Chukovsky, Marshak already at the age of one. A more detailed list of books to read with children under 1 year old can be found here:

When you read a book to your child, be sure to stop and explain the words that your child does not yet know or understand. Look at the illustrations together, tell the kid about all the details shown in the picture, show where the heroes of the fairy tale are, what and how they do, where a small butterfly flies and a flower grows. From time to time ask the baby “Where is the bear? Where is the dog?

Such questions are simply necessary to maintain the attention of the child, and also allow him to be an active participant in your conversation. Of course, at first you will have to answer your own questions. But gradually (at 9-10 months) the baby will begin to poke his finger where you expect.

Do not be afraid to re-read the same fairy tales many times, children are very conservative in their tastes, they love repeated repetitions and ask to re-read their favorite books again and again. A large number of repetitions, by the way, perfectly trains the memory of the child.

It is also useful for a child to consider the so-called textbooks for toddlers (For example, a book Olesya Zhukova "The baby's first textbook» ( Ozone, labyrinth, My shop). In such books there are many pictures that form the basic vocabulary of the baby. They contain images of clothes, toys, vegetables and fruits, transport, etc. You can make such a tutorial yourself by cutting out pictures from magazines and other unnecessary waste paper and sticking them into an album.

What pictures to consider with the baby?

For children under one year old, it is important to remember this rule: The younger the child, the larger the picture should be shown to him. Pictures in purchased books should be understandable. The smallest will be very interested in educational books from the series " School of the Seven Dwarfs» — « My favorite toys», «», « color pictures". They show only one item on one page, without unnecessary details.

At 9-10 months, the child becomes interested not only in objects, but also in the simplest actions - the dog walks, the boy claps his hands, the kitten washes, the girl eats, etc. Books suitable for this stage Who's doing what?», « My first book" (also from the series "SHSG"). For each action in these books, a simplified name is offered - “top-top”, “clap-clap”, “boo-boo”, “yum-yum”, etc.

As the child grows older, he begins to show more and more interest in small details in the pictures, he begins to notice small insects, he becomes interested in looking for berries and mushrooms. Therefore, books with more detailed images will have to appear in the baby's library.

Try to choose books with high-quality illustrations for your baby. Appreciate the book well in the store. Modern publishing houses do not always carefully approach the issue of creating illustrations. A lot of books are being published now, made "bluff" on a computer, where characters can be copied from page to page even without changing their posture and facial expressions. What kind of pictures you show your baby from childhood will certainly affect his artistic tastes.

baby book

Another very useful book for the baby you can make yourself. The child will watch it with great pleasure, and this is no coincidence, because this book will be about him! To create such a book, you will need a photo album and a selection of high-quality photographs of the baby, mom, dad, other close relatives, pets, and even favorite toys. We also need photographs depicting the simplest actions of the child: Masha eats, Masha sleeps, bathes, reads a book, swings on a swing, etc. It is desirable that there is only one photo on one page, and under it is a short signature in large printed red letters - “Mom” or “Masha is sleeping.” The same principle is used here as with - the child visually remembers the spelling of the words you speak. After repeated viewing, he will easily recognize the word "mother" written elsewhere.

A bit from our experience of reading books before the year

We started reading books to our daughter every day around the age of 3 months. At first, she listened attentively to them, did not get distracted, delved into everything (as far as it is possible to do this at the age of 3 months). But then, at 6 months old, she practically stopped showing interest in books. Seeing the book in my hands, she either began to gnaw at it, or simply crawled away from me. I even began to worry that our baby is not at all assiduous. But common sense suggested that perhaps this was just a period of development that had to be waited out. Therefore, although we regularly offered our daughter to look through the books, we did not do it too intrusively.

Interest in books returned at the age of 9 months (to this day, Tasya just loves to read books). And this interest has become more conscious. The daughter did not just look at the variety of colorful flowers, listening to my voice, she really understood what was shown in the pictures, she began to connect the pictures with real life. At 10 months old, Tasya was already answering questions like “Where is the cow?” by pointing her finger at the right place in the picture.

Taya liked to look at her own photo album the most. We flipped through it several times back and forth, and it still wasn't enough for her. She was happy to show where mom is, where dad is. From the age of 10 months, she showed her photo in the album, said “Taaa” (i.e. Tasya).

That concludes, see you soon! Be sure to check out the articles: