"BUSINESS Online" found out that one of the families of Kazan since ancient times has kept its particle of the beard of Muhammad

While Bolgar was proud of the recently acquired hair of Muhammad, tens of thousands of Muslims flocked to the village of Shygyrdan in Chuvashia. The day before, on the eve of Ramadan, an exhibition of 13 valuable relics of Islam ended there at once. Against the backdrop of a surge of interest in Muslim artifacts, BUSINESS Online found out whether it is a shame for the Bashkirs to give their shrine to Tatarstan, why not a single sacred thing can leave Abu Dhabi without the permission of Ramzan Kadyrov, and how much hair the founder of Islam left to descendants.

HOLY SITES IN SHYGYRDAN AND BULGAR

On the eve of the start of Ramadan, Muslims from Tatarstan, the entire Volga region, other regions of the country and neighboring countries hurried to visit an exhibition of blessed relics associated with the Prophet Muhammad. For three days, starting June 15, for the first time in the history of Central Russia, 13 relics associated with the Prophet Muhammad were presented in the village of Shygyrdan in the Chuvash Republic. This is his hair, the keys and locks of the Kaaba ( cuboid building in the middle of the world's most visited mosque "Al-Haram" in Mecca - approx. ed.), a jug of Bilyal ibn Rabah al-Khabashi - the muezzin of the Prophet Muhammad and others.

As one of the organizers of the exhibition, the Mufti of Moscow, the Central Region and the Chuvash Republic, told BUSINESS Online Albir Krganov, all these relics were kindly provided by the mufti of Dagestan for three days Akhmad haji Abdullayev. According to him, during this time, the central Cathedral Mosque named after the "Three Companions" was visited by about 25 - 30 thousand believers who want to receive the grace of the prophet, having stood for this in a long line. The excitement that has arisen is reminiscent of the sensational Orthodox exhibitions - the belt of the Virgin, the gifts of the Magi, etc. The Mufti of Tatarstan also visited the exhibition Kamil Samigullin, who did not come empty-handed, having added to the exhibition a piece of hajar aswad (a black stone from the corner of the Kaaba) and a cover of the tomb of Imam Rabbani, which he kept.

“In Islam there is tabarruk - the acquisition of grace. Of course, only Allah gives all, complete grace. And yet, by the grace of the Almighty, there are such blessed things that believers treat with special respect, ”Krganov explained.

Recall that last Sunday, that is, the day before the opening of the exhibition, as BUSINESS Online already wrote, during the holiday “Izge Bolgar җ yyny”, dedicated to the official adoption of Islam in 922, the Acting President of the Republic of Tatarstan Rustam Minnikhanov received from the hands of the chairman of the Central Spiritual Administration of Muslims of the Russian Federation Talgat Tajuddin hair of the Prophet Muhammad, which, as it was announced, from now on forever will be kept in the White Mosque. The ceremony was attended by the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad in the 42nd generation Abdurrazzak Assaidi, and the head of the coordinating council of Muslims of the North Caucasus Ismail Berdiev called Tadzhuddin's deed great and expressed the hope that on the sacred land of Bolgar "there will be barakat" (well-being). Tajuddin himself explained the transfer of the relic as follows: “For more than 700 years, the azan was not heard on this land, and now Allah has allowed us to see the holy Bolgar in such a flourishing state.

The city of Bolgar is the first capital in the history of Islam after Medina. When the Prophet Mohammed sent three of his companions here, there was neither Cairo nor Baghdad.” According to BUSINESS Online sources, the generous gift was a complete surprise to everyone. And, by the way, there is no final decision on how to specifically store and exhibit the artifact.

The transfer of the hair of the Prophet Muhammad to the White Mosque and the exhibition in Chuvashia naturally aroused interest in the relics not only from the Muslim public. How far can one believe that the hair donated to Bolgar really belongs to the Prophet Muhammad? Where did he come from in Ufa? How rare are such relics and what is their value? This is what BUSINESS Online tried to figure out.

HAIR AS A GIFT FROM TURKEY AND INDIA

“The hair was kept in Ufa for 110 years,” Tadzhuddin himself explained the background of his gift. - Before that - in Istanbul. In 1905, the Turkish sultan, seeing how strongly Russian Muslims are adherents of Islam, handed this hair of the prophet's beard to Mufti Muhammadyar. Praise be to Allah, we felt barakat in Ufa. May he keep well-being both here and throughout our country.”

As reported on the official website of the Central Spiritual Muslim Board of the Russian Federation, the Mufti of the Orenburg Mohammedan Spiritual Assembly Muhammadyar Sultanov(1837 - 1915) at the beginning of the last century, as part of an official delegation of five people from the Russian Empire, he went to Mecca to perform the Hajj. Before that, muftis traveled only as private individuals. On the way back he was invited to Istanbul, where the Turkish Sultan Abdul Hamid II As a sign of great gratitude to the Russian Muslims, he gave him from his treasury three (according to other sources, two) hairs from the beard of the Prophet Muhammad. Since then, this sacred relic has been kept in the spiritual administration in Ufa and carefully transferred from mufti to mufti.

As the head of the center for research on the Koran and Sunnah of the Republic of Tatarstan explained to BUSINESS Online Farid Salman, the hair of the prophet at one time came to Turkey, apparently from Mecca and Medina. “Before the Wahhabis captured the holy cities and sacked them ( early 19th century- approx. ed.), Turkish sultans managed to take most of the relics to Istanbul,” Salman said. According to legend, after the death of the prophet, a barber devoted to him shaved off Muhammad's beard and saved it. Today, this relic is kept in the Topkapi Palace Museum in Istanbul and everyone can see it. Several thousand people visit the palace every day. Also, several hairs from the beard of the holy prophet are kept in the Indian mosque "Khazratbal" and in the Tyumen Regional Museum. The hair of the prophet got there at the end of the 19th century through the efforts of a Tyumen merchant-philanthropist Nigmatullah-Haji Karmyshkov-Seydukov and was kept in the Yurt Yembayevsky mosque until it was withdrawn and transferred to the museum in the 1920s.

By the way, Salman considers it unacceptable that such a relic is used as a museum exhibit. "The hair must be returned to the believers," Salman told BUSINESS Online. - If the Russian Orthodox Church finds in museums anything related to the life of the saints, or a church item of some value, it legally seeks the return of this value to its jurisdiction. Therefore, I believe that Muslims should also be more active in returning such relics to the rightful owner.”

Salman also told "BUSINESS Online" sensational news! “In Tatarstan, there is another person who keeps the sacred hair of the prophet,” shared a Muslim theologian. - At one time, when I worked as the mufti of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, this man lived there. I asked him to be more reverent and careful about this gift, which was once brought to his family from India - a gift from Indian Muslims to his great-grandfather. But, unfortunately, this man, although he is already at an advanced age, did not listen to my requests: as of that moment, the relic was kept in an inappropriate condition. I'm afraid that after him this sacred artifact may be lost. Meanwhile, if he went forward, he could officially receive the status of the guardian of the hair of the prophet and go down in history. This man himself now lives in Kazan. Calling his name I consider unethical. Nevertheless, I pray the Almighty to instruct him in making a responsible decision in his life,” Salman said and added that, as far as he knows, there are no other hairs of the Prophet Muhammad in European Russia. The rest of Russian Muslim relics are kept in Dagestan and Chechnya.

ONLY WITH THE PERMISSION OF KADYROV!

Unlike Tatarstan, in Chechnya, relics associated with Muhammad are not a novelty; for the past few years, relics belonging to the prophet and his companions have been regularly brought to Grozny from Islamic countries. Thousands of Muslims from different regions of Russia come to Chechnya to see and touch the shrines that are exhibited in the Heart of Chechnya mosque.

In 2011, a bowl and two rugs, which had covered the grave of the Prophet Muhammad for a long time, were transferred to Chechnya from England for eternal storage. In February 2012, the Turkish Prime Minister Recep Erdogan handed over three hairs of the Prophet Muhammad to Chechnya at once, which were stored in the famous Turkish “Top Kapy”. A few days earlier, another hair of Muhammad had been delivered from Uzbekistan to Grozny. In the same 2012, the custodian from the UAE, Sheikh Ahmad bin Muhammad al-Khazraji named the head of Chechnya Ramzan Kadyrov"custodian of sacred relics", announcing that from now on things belonging to the Prophet Muhammad can be taken out of Abu Dhabi only with his consent.

In 2013, a branch of the fund for the storage of the relics of the Prophet Muhammad was opened in Grozny. On holidays, the exhibits of the museum are exhibited in the mosques of the republic. The main subject of the museum collection is the bowl of the prophet, which is more than 1.4 thousand years old. According to legend, after the death of the prophet, the shrine was kept by his descendants, who eventually left their homeland. Later she ended up in the UK, from where she was taken to Chechnya a few years ago. On significant days, it is filled with water, which is then distributed to the local population.

In January last year, relics that are permanently stored in the UAE arrived in Grozny on a special flight from Abu Dhabi: the prophet’s hair, a fossilized footprint, and the skullcap of the prophet’s cousin Ali Ibn Abu Talib. Kadyrov then said that they were brought by the son of the keeper - the sheikh Muhammad al-Khazraji and, in accordance with an earlier agreement, took away three other relics. According to the head of Chechnya, such an exchange will take place every six months.

In November 2014, two bowls and hair of the Prophet Muhammad were brought from Uzbekistan to Chechnya. The relics were sent to Chechnya as a sign of respect for the Kadyrov family by their keeper - Abdulhafiz Khan Tura. At the same time, one hair remained in Uzbekistan, symbolizing the brotherhood of the Chechen and Uzbek peoples. These relics were presented at the beginning of the 19th century to the ruler of the Kokand Khanate (the territory of modern Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, southern Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan) by the Turkish sultan. The ruler built a special building for their storage and bequeathed to protect the shrines to a respected family in the khanate - the descendants of the Prophet Muhammad.

IS IT OFFENSIVE FOR THE BASHKIRS?

Returning to the hair of the prophet, transferred to the Bulgarians, I would like to ask how they reacted to the gesture of Tadzhuddin in Bashkortostan? Don't the Muslims of Ufa perceive the transfer of the relic to Tatarstan as a loss? “Yes, probably, some people perceive it that way,” admitted “BUSINESS Online” Mursal Akhmetov - Vice-Rector of the Russian Islamic University in Ufa. - But we must understand that our grace has not diminished, the stay of this sacred relic in Ufa for more than a century will be enough for us at all times. In addition, all Muslims should be above the division into nationalities, territorial boundaries and other superstructures that are accepted in society. We firmly believe in the revival of peace, tranquility throughout the world. And let the sacred Bolgar be the center of this influence, and we all, as it were, participate in the restoration of historical justice. I hope this relic will stay in Bolgar for more than one century. By the way, I attended this important event for all Muslims in Bolgar. This is a very significant event! You must understand that 110 years of this relic - the hair of the Prophet Muhammad - on Ufa land gave a powerful cultural upsurge to our region. And the supreme mufti, taking into account that the revival of Islam comes from Bolgar, where three Sahaba (companion of the prophet) came, decided to transfer the hair of the prophet to Tatarstan. This main place of the revival of Islam is the Silver Bulgar, as we call it. Undoubtedly, the presence of this relic will affect the status of the Bolgar in the most positive way, it will attract pilgrims. It's like a new time, a turning point in life. The Prophet arrived there: first he sent his companions, and now he himself indicated his presence on this sacred land.

By the way, if things belonging to the Prophet Muhammad can be taken out of Abu Dhabi, as mentioned above, only with the permission of Kadyrov and other keepers, then, as the press service of the Central Spiritual Directorate of Russia reported, Tadzhuddin personally decided to transfer the hair of the prophet in Bulgaria.

By the way, there is one snag here. A number of BUSINESS Online experts, including Salman, confidently say that two hairs from the prophet's beard were kept in Ufa. But as we noted above, the official website of the Central Spiritual Muslim Board of the Russian Federation says that the Turkish Sultan allocated three hairs from the beard of the Prophet Muhammad from his treasury to Russian Muslims. The question of where the other hair went remains open...

“WHO WILL PROVE THAT IT IS THE HAIR OF THE PROPHET?”

In fairness, it should be noted that in the Muslim community there is an ambiguous attitude towards the items left from the prophet, members of his family and closest associates. Some believers revere these relics as sacred and possessing miraculous powers. Others remain skeptical, not attaching sacred significance to such objects. Chairman of the Islamic Cultural Center, Member of the Executive Committee of the Union of Islamic Organizations in Russia Mohammed Henny, assessing at the request of BUSINESS Online that the Tatarstan Bolgar was presented with the hair of the prophet, he said: “Certainly, love for the prophet is sacred, it is part of our faith. At the same time, the love for relics, which is widespread in Christianity, is not so strong in Islam. 1400 years have passed since the time of the prophet. Who can prove that it is his hair? Or does someone want Muslims to turn into idolaters?”

It is believed that more than 100 thousand hairs of the Prophet Muhammad were distributed throughout the world. We have already reported above that the beard of the prophet is kept in the Top Kapi Palace Museum in Istanbul. We also recall that, speaking on June 14 at the Izge Bolgar җ yeny holiday, the head of the coordinating council of Muslims of the North Caucasus, Berdiev, said that even during his lifetime, the prophet himself handed out his hair and said: “This will make you barakat.” “People have kept it for centuries, and today Talgat hazrat donated hair so that all Tatars, for all of Russia, would have a barakat. Because of this, this place will truly be holy, people will come and look. Muhammad said: "Who visits my grave, that will be my intercession." And if a person saw the hair of the prophet, it is as if he himself saw him. Wallahi, you still have no idea what kind of barakat this is! I must say a huge thank you to Mufti Talgat Tadzhuddin. I don't know how he could do it - give it away?! This is a great act! May Allah grant that we all together, the Muslims of Russia, be united. And when there is unity, there will be barakat,” Berdiev spoke emotionally.

“At one time, the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him!) repeatedly shaved his head and shortened his beard, and then distributed the hair to his followers,” Salman explained. - Why? From the point of view of a religious person, this is a great grace. We know, for example, that a hair that at one time fell into the hands of one of the closest companions of the Prophet (peace be upon him!) Anas ibn Malik, was after his death, at his request, placed under his tongue. Although Muslims consider Anas ibn Malik a holy and pious man, he still, despite all his merits, hoped that the hair of the prophet would bring him great benefit. The Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, once said: “The one who visits me after my death is like the one who visited me alive. Whoever visited me will be worthy of my intercession and witness on the Day of Judgment.”

“Therefore, when a person is in the presence of a sacred hair, it practically means that he is in the presence of the prophet himself. At the same time, a Muslim reads a special prayer, prayers in honor of the prophet (peace be upon him!), That is, he talks to him. Historians in their manuscripts have left a description of many reliable miraculous events that occurred in such cases. There is such a subtle point in Islamic theology: the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him!) said that the prophets do not die even after death, but are in a state of prayer in their resting places. Their bodies are incorruptible. Therefore, the hair of the prophet is a part of him: where his hair is, he is present himself. Of course, in a different plane, a different parallel world,” Salman explained.

“IN THE EYES OF TRADITIONALISTS THIS IS A HUGE IMPORTANCE EVENT”

“Believing people treat blessed things with special respect,” Krganov confirmed. - Now Bolgar is turning not only into a tourist attraction, but into a place where there are sacred values. There are graves of the companions of the prophet, now there is the hair of the prophet, I think something else will appear in the future. Bolgar really becomes the spiritual capital of the Muslims of the Volga region.

According to Salman, presenting the hair of the prophet to the Bulgarian White Mosque, of course, raises the status of Tatarstan in countries that belong to the area of ​​traditional Islam. “In the eyes of the traditionalists of Turkey, Iraq, Syria, Egypt, the Emirate of Dubai (UAE), India, Pakistan and others, this is an event of great importance. The most important thing is that, I'm not afraid of these words, a competent PR campaign should be carried out in the main international languages ​​for the Muslim world - Arabic and English. This will have an even more beneficial effect on the image of our republic and, of course, will make it even more recognizable in the Muslim world. I am glad that Tatarstan is regaining its proper importance both on a Russian and international scale. President of the Republic of Tatarstan Rustam Minnikhanov was recently appointed Chairman of the Strategic Vision Group "Russia - Islamic World". These are synchronous events of one series,” Salman stressed.

True, Henny, a member of the executive committee of the Union of Islamic Organizations in Russia, does not quite agree with this statement. “As far as I know, Russia has long been trying to open a window to the Islamic world through Tatarstan. Kazan is actually the third capital of Russia, so it should play an important role. This is all very well, but, in my opinion, relations with the Islamic world are still not developing. Even in Tatarstan itself, in my opinion, the situation with Islam is tense: the murders in 2012, the persecution of dissidents, the banning of some books that lead nowhere... Perhaps that is why Vladimir Putin's plan to cooperate with the Islamic world has so far had no luck. Unfortunately, there are people who seem to be straddling this direction, but in fact they are slowing it down.”

One way or another, the acquisition of an authentic Muslim shrine, the authenticity of which is not disputed by anyone, is, of course, a powerful claim by the Bulgarians for the status of one of the centers of attraction for Muslims. In this sense, the hair of a prophet weighs a hundred times more for believers than the world's largest printed Quran (800 kilograms). But, as we can see, in this capacity, the republics of the North Caucasus are still giving Tatarstan a hundred points head start.

"THE BULGARIAN PROJECT SHOULD WORK IN A NEW WAY"

Other experts interviewed by BUSINESS Online shared their vision of what it really means to transfer the hair of the Prophet Muhammad from Ufa to Bolgar.

Ali-Vyacheslav Polosin- Islamic theologian, developer of the social doctrine of Russian Islam:

I attended the events in Bolgar, which were attended by thousands of people. Most of them, it seems to me, were united by national-historical roots, which did not in the least interfere with the federal meaning of these events. At the same time, we signed in Bolgar the social doctrine of Russian Islam in four copies, according to the number of signatories, and the fifth copy, as a memorable historical document, was left for eternal storage in the ancient city.

To give the prophet's hair is, of course, a very big gesture on the part of the Supreme Mufti of Russia. He speaks at least of the great love of Talgat Hazrat Tajuddin for this place. Not so long ago, in 1989, Bolgar was just a settlement where archaeological excavations were carried out. The appearance that the ancient city has now acquired was largely formed under the influence of Talgat hazrat, who visited here every year and showed every kind of concern, as well as with the support of Mintimer Shaimiev. There is no doubt that Bolgar has great prospects, it will continue to develop and improve. It has already been decided that the Islamic Theological Academy will be located here, far from the hustle and bustle. Her work in such a historical, such a prayerful place will be very organic, and this is also the idea of ​​Talgat hazrat.

However, the presence in Tatarstan of such important religious symbols will not impose anything on those who adhere to other views and a different worldview. In Tatarstan, the line between the secular and the religious has long been defined and is very clearly observed. When you walk along the streets of Kazan, it is easy to meet a woman in a hijab, and immediately after her - girls in shorts and skirts. All this coexists side by side, and no one imposes anything on anyone.

Rinat Nabiev- Head of the Department of KFU, ex-Chairman of the Council for Religious Affairs of the Republic of Tatarstan:

Talgat Tadzhuddin repeatedly brought such relics to Bolgar. For believers, this has always been of great importance. Muslims consider the hair of the prophet a very valuable relic. There can hardly be contradictions or different interpretations on this issue. The transfer of this relic to Bolgar is the will of Talgat Tadzhuddin and the desire to strengthen the position of Tatarstan in the Islamic world as the owner of a valuable relic. The fact that Mohammed's hair was handed over to the president of Tatarstan, I consider it a completely natural phenomenon, since the republic is the main bearer of powerful Islamic traditions and spirituality in Russia. This relic will be considered from both mystical and historical points of view. If the historical side of the issue can cause interpretation, then in terms of faith and spirituality for Muslims there is no doubt about this issue. For the Muslims of Tatarstan, the fact of keeping the hair of the prophet should be a matter of pride.

Rafik Mukhametshin- Rector of the Russian Islamic Institute, Director of the State Budgetary Institution "Center for Islamic Studies", Chairman of the Council for Islamic Education:

The fact is that the Bulgarian project must work in a new way. Until now Bolgar for Muslims was, in fact, a place where once a year they gathered 50-60 thousand people. Now the concept has been developed, the president of Tatarstan has turned to the president of Russia so that the Bulgarian factor is shown in a different way, so that it becomes a permanent Islamic center. Most likely, already in the autumn Bolgar will start functioning in this status, various forms of training and advanced training will be introduced here, and an Islamic academy will be created over time. Today, great importance is attached to the Bulgarian as a factor in the consolidation of Muslims mainly in Central Russia. Naturally, it should become attractive not only for tourists. The fact that Talgat Hazrat conveys the hair of the Prophet Muhammad is important, it enhances the religious appeal of Bolgar.

But I would warn against talking about the pilgrimage. This does not sound quite correct, since the pilgrimage is the performance of the Hajj. It is no coincidence that in the 1990s there were many disputes about whether to travel to Bolgar. Even official structures in Tatarstan said that it was not necessary, because a trip to Bolgar is such a small hajj. Therefore, we are not talking about turning Bolgar into a center of pilgrimage, it sounds risky. Today it is necessary to clearly place the accents. Bolgar is one of the ancient centers of Islamic civilization, the place where the ancestors of the Tatars voluntarily converted to Islam and developed the state. This is our pride, and here we should rather talk about spiritual tourism, but not about pilgrimage.

The Strategic Vision Group, which is headed by the President of the Republic (I am also a member of it) on behalf of the President of Russia, recently met in Moscow for the first time after a long break. When we talk about working with Muslim countries, in addition to political and economic areas, we also discuss the sphere of spirituality. This requires certain platforms, clearly emphasizing that Russia is a state in which there are Muslim enclaves, where Islam has become widespread. In 922 there was a Bolgar, and Derbent already in the 7th century! It is much easier to talk to Muslims abroad when we can say that Muslims in Russia are indigenous and that Islam here has a long history. I think Muslim countries will be able to look at Russia differently.

The final messenger of the Almighty Muhammad (s.g.v.) was sent down as a Mercy for the worlds. Every Muslim is recommended to follow his example in everything that concerns not only religion, but also everyday life.

It plays an important role, since the believer must set a good example in everything. But what did the Prophet himself look like?

face outline

The companion Anas bin Malik (r.a.) described the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w.) as follows: “The skin was not too white and not too dark, and the hair was neither curly nor straight” (Bukhari, Muslim) .

Bara bin Azyb (r.a.) recalled that the leader of the Muslim ummah had very thick hair, the length of which reached the earlobes (Bukhari, Muslim).

The son-in-law of the Prophet (r.a.), one of the closest Sahaba - Ali bin Abu Talib (r.a.) stated: “He had a big head and a slightly rounded face. His hair cannot be said to be curly or lay straight, but was wavy. The color of the eyes is very black, and the eyelashes were long ”(Tirmizi, Hakim).

The most detailed description was left by the grandson of the Messenger of the Almighty (s.g.v.) Hassan bin Ali. “The face of the Prophet (pbuh) shone with moonlight, and his forehead looked wide. My grandfather had a big head and wavy hair that he parted. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) had arched eyebrows. His nose had a thin tip. He had a thick beard and a wide mouth. There were gaps between the teeth” (Tabarani, Baikhaky).

According to Jabir (r.a.), the Grace of the Worlds (s.g.v.) had a large slit in the eyes and a wide mouth (according to the hadith from Muslim and Tirmizi). Abu Hurairah (r.a.) said that Muhammad (s.g.w.) had a bright face and “looked like pure silver.” A man named Abu Tufail claimed that the Messenger of God (s.a.w.) had white skin (Muslim, Ahmad).

Body type

From the memoirs of ibn Malik (r.a.) it is known that Muhammad (s.g.v.) was neither tall nor short. Bara bin Azyb (r.a.) describes him in a similar way, adding such a sign as broad-shouldered (both hadiths are cited by both Bukhari and Muslim). According to Ali bin Abu Talib (r.a.), hair stretched from the chest to the navel, and in the middle of the back was the seal of the prophets - a red mole the size of an egg. (Tirmizi).

Hassan bin Ali said that his grandfather's height was slightly above average. Between the chest and the navel was a hairline, and the hair also covered the arms, upper chest and shoulders. His physique was moderately well-fed, his chest and stomach did not protrude forward. The Prophet (S.G.V.) had long forearms and large palms (Tabarani).

Gait

Anas bin Malik (r.a.) recalled that the Final Messenger of God (s.g.v.) leaned forward slightly when walking (Bukhari). From Ali bin Abu Talib (r.a.) it is known that his gait was energetic and lively. Moreover, Muhammad (s.g.v.) leaned slightly, “as if he was climbing a mountain.” And when he turned around, he did it with his whole body, and not just with his head (Tirmizi). As Hasan bin Ali said, the Prophet (S.G.V.) walked vigorously, cheerfully tearing off his legs and taking wide steps. At the same time, he lowered his head and constantly directed his gaze to the ground. When he entered or left somewhere, he always let the Sahaba go ahead, and after them he followed himself (Tabarani, Baikhaki).

Cloth

The Messenger of the Almighty (s.g.v.) loved long shirts (kamis), the sleeves on them reached the wrists (Tirmizi, Abu Daud). He also wore the patterned Kitrian cloaks worn by the inhabitants of Yemen (Bukhari, Muslim).

The clothes of Muhammad (pbuh) were of different colors. Bara bin Azyb (r.a.) recalled: “I have never seen a man in a red robe more beautiful than our Prophet (pbuh)” (Bukhari, Muslim). And a man named Abu Rimsa named two more green robes. At the same time, the Grace of the Worlds (s.g.v.) himself called on the believers: “Wear white clothes, for they are the best of your clothes” (Tirmizi, Abu Daud). bint Abu Bakr (r.a.) said that once Muhammad (s.g.v.) put on a black wool cloth with stripes (Abu Dawood, Tirmizi).

In addition, on top of other clothes, he wore a Rumiian jubba (elongated outerwear with wide sleeves - approx. site). This is evidenced by a hadith narrated from the words of Mughira ibn Shugba and cited in the collections of hadiths by Tirmizi, Abu Dawood and Nasai.

In addition, the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) wore black leather socks, presented to Him by the ruler of Ethiopia, Ashama. From Abdullah bin Buraida it is known: “Negus (the title of the Ethiopian king) presented the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) with black leather socks, and he wore them until they deteriorated” (Tirmizi, Abu Daud). Also, Muhammad (s.g.v.) wore sandals with two straps and a double lace (Ibn Maja).

ring

The Most Pure Sunnah says that the Messenger of the Almighty (S.G.V.) wore a ring on his right hand. Anas bin Malik (r.a.) said that it was a ring made of pure silver (Bukhari, Muslim). To them the Prophet (S.G.V.) put seals on the messages that he sent. In one of the hadiths contained in the collections of Tirmizi and Bukhari, it is noted that one day Muhammad (S.G.V.) intended to write a message to the Persians, but one person from his entourage reported that they did not accept messages without a seal confirming the sender. And then he asked to make a nominal ring. This product was engraved with the saying "Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah." After the death of the Prophet (s.g.v.) it was also worn by the righteous caliphs - Abu Bakr as-Siddiq (r.a.), and Usman ibn Affan (r.a.) until the ring was dropped into the well ( Bukhari, Muslim).

On Tuesday, October 6, at 18:00 Moscow time, one of the main relics of the Muslim world - hair Prophet Mohammed. Until the very night, anyone can look at the relic. After that, the hair will be stored in a special place in the mosque and put on public display only on the most significant religious holidays.

Interestingly, there are many places around the world where similar relics are stored - other hair from the head of the Prophet Muhammad.

Even in Russia, in addition to the relic, which will henceforth be kept in Moscow, there are two more real hairs of the prophet, which any believer can bow to. They are stored in Makhachkala and Tver. According to legend, the authenticity of the hair belonging to the prophet is proved by its special properties: it exudes fragrance and does not cast a shadow.

By the way, both in Islam and in other religions there are relics that have passed through the centuries and today are revered by tens and hundreds of millions of people. These are either parts of the body of the prophets and holy people, the so-called relics, or something that belonged to them or came into contact with them.

Shroud of Turin

The Shroud, which is kept in the Italian city of Turin, according to legend, is exactly the piece of fabric in which the body was wrapped. Jesus Christ. Traces of the body and blood of the prophet were imprinted on the shroud.

The acquisition of the shroud became known in 1353, 13 centuries after the death of the prophet. One of the participants in the Crusades announced that he possesses this relic. Since 1532, the shroud has been kept in the Cathedral of St. John the Baptist in Turin.

Copy of the Shroud of Turin in the Basilica of Santa Croce. Photo: flickr.com / Saint Joseph

The Christian Church differs in its views on the authenticity of the Shroud of Turin. Official studies have shown that the date of production of matter, most likely, refers to the XIV century AD.

buddha tooth

There are also relics in Buddhism. According to legend, the body buddha was burned. True, one of his students still managed to grab a tooth out of the fire, which had been kept in India for eight centuries.

Later, the relic was transported to Ceylon, where it is kept to this day. Today, the island has been renamed Sri Lanka, and hundreds of thousands of believers annually arrive at the Dalada Maligawa Temple, built specifically for this relic in the 18th century in the city of Kandy.

The tooth is hidden in seven caskets nested one inside the other. Very few saw the tooth itself. On very rare occasions when a relic is shown, it is placed in a special golden loop coming out of the center of the golden lotus.

Temple of the Tooth Relic - Kandy, Sri Lanka. Photo: www.globallookpress.com

Hair from Muhammad's beard

Another Muslim relic is also hair. It also belonged to the Prophet Muhammad. Only this time the hair is not from the head, but from the beard of the prophet.

According to legend, after the death of Muhammad, the barber devoted to him shaved off his beard and kept it. True, through the centuries, only three officially recognized hairs of the great prophet have survived to this day.

Reproduction of the painting "Ecce Homo", Correggio. Photo: commons.wikimedia.org

One of the relics, the main one, is kept in the Topkapi Palace Museum in Istanbul. Also, the hair from the beard of the prophet can be seen in a special capsule in the Hazratbal mosque, which is located in the city of Srinagar in India. There is a hair from the beard of Mohammed in Russia. Surprisingly, it is in the Tyumen Regional Museum. The relic came to our country at the end of the 19th century, thanks to the merchant-philanthropist Nigmatulla-hadji Karmyshkov-Seydukov.

crown of thorns

One of the main Christian relics is the crown of thorns, which was put on the head of Jesus Christ by order of the procurator of the Jewish Pontius Pilate and was on it throughout his journey to Mount Calvary, where the son of God was crucified.

Today, the shrine is kept in one of the most famous Catholic churches in the world - in Notre Dame Cathedral, Notre Dame de Paris. He got there from the Basilica of Saint-Chapelle, where the crown was placed King Louis IX Saint, who at one time bought out a relic pledged in a Venetian bank by the Emperor of Constantinople.

Buddha bones

According to legend, the body of the Buddha was burned according to the then existing canon: before being burned, the relics were wrapped in 500 double shrouds. This method, according to legend, allowed only the bones of the Buddha, the first and last layers of fabric, to be preserved.

After cremation, eight regions of India claimed the relics of the saint. As a result, they were divided into eight parts and laid in the foundations of eight stupas - special structures for storing relics. Later, the stupas were opened, and the relics were divided into even more parts, which, according to the most daring estimates, could even be 84 thousand.

In this regard, the further path of the relic, as well as the authenticity of each of the parts of the relics of the Buddha, is almost impossible to determine. Today they are stored in many parts of the world, including Russia. True, in Europe there is only one place where the relics of the Buddha are kept - this is the central Buddhist temple of the Republic of Kalmykia.

Photo: Shutterstock.com

Head of John the Baptist

Forerunner John who baptized Jesus was beheaded. After that, his body was buried, and the head remained in the possession of the one who ordered to kill him. Salome- daughters Herodias, wife of the tetrarch Galilee Herod Antipas.

The front of the skull of Saint John the Baptist in Amiens Cathedral. Photo: Commons.wikimedia.org / Maxim Massalitin

According to legend, one of the maids took out the head. After that, the shrine was buried, and then regained by the Christian faith. Moreover, there were three acquisitions of the head of John the Baptist at once, which are celebrated by the Orthodox Church. True, Catholics believe in the authenticity of only one relic, the one that is stored in Rome, in the church of San Silvestro in Capite.

But there are other places where the saint's head is supposedly located. For example, the followers of Islam are sure that the head of John the Baptist is kept in the Umayyad mosque in Damascus. Also, French Amiens, Turkish Antioch and Armenia claim to own the only true shrine.

Belt of the Virgin Mary

According to belief, the belt Virgin Mary together with the robe, this is the little that remains to us from the mother of Jesus Christ. For two millennia, it was divided into several parts, which are now stored in different countries.

The most famous are in the monastery of Vatopedi on Mount Athos and in the Prato Cathedral in Italy. The smallest piece went to the Moscow church of Elijah the Prophet of the Common. It is also claimed that parts of the girdle of the Virgin Mary are kept in the Trooditissa Monastery in Cyprus and Blachernae Church in the Georgian city of Zugdidi.

Talgat Tadzhuddin handed over the sacred relic to Tatarstan and proclaimed Bolgars "the first capital of Islam after Medina"

A fundamentally important step towards turning into a real powerful center of pilgrimage for Muslims was made on the eve of Bolgar. During the holiday “Izge Bolgar Yyeny”, dedicated to the official adoption of Islam in 922, the Acting President of the Republic of Tatarstan Rustam Minnikhanov accepted the hair of the Prophet Muhammad, which had previously been kept in Bashkortostan, and from now on will be kept forever in the White Mosque. According to the clergy, the believers of Tatarstan have yet to realize the historical scale of this event.

"THE FIRST CAPITAL OF ISLAM AFTER MEDINA"

Yesterday they called the transfer by the chairman of the Central Spiritual Administration of Muslims a great deed Talgat Tajuddin the hair of the Prophet Muhammad for eternal storage in the White Mosque of Bolgar. This is the most important event of "Izge Bolgar Yyeny", says the head of the coordinating council of Muslims of the North Caucasus Ismail Berdiev. “Here, in Bolgar, inshallah, there will be barakat (welfare)! It's not just some hair! Even during his lifetime, the prophet himself handed out his hair and said: “From this you will have barakat.” For centuries, people have kept it, and today Talgat hazrat donated hair so that all Tatars, for all of Russia, would have a barakat. Because of this, this place will truly be holy, people will come and look. Muhammad said: "Who visits my grave, that will be my intercession." And if a person saw the hair of the prophet, it is as if he himself saw him. Wallahi, you still have no idea what kind of barakat this is! I must say a huge thank you to Mufti Talgat Tadzhuddin. I don't know how he could do it - give it away?! This is a great act! May Allah grant that we all together, the Muslims of Russia, be united. And when there is unity, there will be barakat,” Berdiev spoke emotionally.

Tajuddin himself explained the transfer of the relic as follows: “For more than 700 years, the azan was not heard on this land, and now Allah has allowed us to see the holy Bolgar in such a flourishing state. The city of Bolgar is the first capital in the history of Islam after Medina. When the Prophet Mohammed sent three of his companions here, there was neither Cairo nor Baghdad yet. And now, Allah willing, one hair from the beard of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him and his family!) will be transferred to the city of Bolgar for eternal storage. If the body of our prophet Muhammad is buried in Medina, then the hair from his beard will be kept in Bolgar.”

Then the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad in the 42nd generation Abdurrazzak Assaidi He brought out a small vessel resembling a miniature mosque with a crescent moon placed on it, inside of which was placed the hair of the prophet. Tadzhuddin, having kissed the vessel, handed it over to the Acting President of the Republic of Tatarstan Rustam Minnikhanov, who accepted him and also kissed him, and after him everyone who was in the "presidium" followed his example.

“For 110 years, the hair was stored in Ufa,” Tadzhuddin explained, “before that, in Istanbul. In 1905 Mufti Muhammadyar ( fifth mufti Muhammadyar Sultanov(1837 - 1915) was appointed by decree of Alexander III on January 2, 1886- approx. ed.) the Turkish sultan, seeing how strongly Russian Muslims are adherents of Islam, handed this hair of the prophet's beard. Praise be to Allah, we felt barakat in Ufa. May he keep well-being both here and throughout our country.”

"THIS IS THE PLACE WHERE THREE COMPANIES OF MUHAMMAD ARE BURIED"

It should be noted that this year the holiday, which brought together thousands of people from all regions of Russia and many foreign guests, was held for the first time after UNESCO included Bolgar in the World Heritage List. By the way, at the opening ceremony, a greeting from the director of the organization in Russia was read Irina Bokova, which considers the most important for Tatarstan and many peoples beyond its borders the historical significance of the voluntary adoption of Islam by the Volga Bulgaria in 922. “This event annually attracts significant pilgrimage flows of believers to the holy land of Ancient Bolgar, which is perceived as a vivid symbol of history, culture and faith,” Bokova emphasized.

If we return to the chronology of events, then the hosts of the opening ceremony of "Izge Bolgar җyeny" actors of the Kamalovsky theater Ildus Akhmetzyanov and Fanis Ziganshin called Bolgar "the holy land, the place where the golden age of our people is buried." “Bolgar is the place where three companions of the Prophet Muhammad are buried, 36 khans ruled here. Here you can sit down on every piece of land and read namaz in honor of our ancestors, ”the presenters said in turn, as if picking up the baton from each other.

Minnikhanov was the first to make a welcoming speech. "Bismillah ir-rahman ir-rahim ( in the name of Allah the Merciful and Merciful -approx. ed.)! Dear holiday guests! he said. - On behalf of the leadership of Tatarstan, the State Council, the government and on my own behalf, I welcome you to the holy land of Bolgars. We, all Muslims, today have the opportunity to gather here to honor the memory of our ancestors, to express our best wishes to each other, to consult, to talk. The Bulgarian is becoming more and more beautiful every year, you all know that he was included in the UNESCO list, it becomes more convenient to come here. This year we started building a hotel here and in the future we plan to implement no less grandiose plans here. I would like to express my gratitude to our first President Mintimer Sharipovich Shaimiev. It is under his leadership that great things are being done here. I congratulate everyone on a great holiday, wish everyone good health and hope that in the future we will meet more than once on this sacred land. Thank you to our guests, Allah will not forget your kindness. Thank you!"

“WHEN MUHAMMED SENT COMPANIES TO THE BULGARIANS, THERE WAS NO CAIRO NOR BAGHDAD”

Mintimer Shaimiev, making a short speech, thanked everyone: the President of Russia Vladimir Putin, Acting President of the Republic of Tatarstan Rustam Minnikhanov, heads of enterprises, entrepreneurs and "ordinary citizens" - for participating in the restoration of monuments in Bolgar. “A lot has been done, there is still more to come,” said Shaimiev. - New museums will appear here, at the same time, we are talking about creating the largest center for the study of Islam. And already from words they began to move on to deeds. I especially want to emphasize that religious figures from the Caucasus are participating in our holiday today, which means that all Muslims throughout Russia have united. Very beautiful and very correct words were said today during a meeting of religious figures with Rustam Nurgalievich - nothing can be solved with the help of weapons. The main thing is that we must raise the authority of our religion, and through this, God willing, peace, tranquility and prosperity will come to our homes. May Allah grant it to us."

Shaimiev also said that in the morning in the White Mosque, in the presence of Minnikhanov, the heads of centralized religious organizations of the Russian Federation signed a quadripartite agreement approving the Social Doctrine of Muslims in Russia. The agreement was signed by the already mentioned Berdiev, Tadzhuddin, as well as the chairman of the council of muftis of the Russian Federation Ravil Gaynutdin and Chairman of the Spiritual Muslim Board of the Republic of Tatarstan Kamil Samigullin.

Who has the right to declare jihad, what does the Motherland mean for a Muslim, how should non-Muslims be treated - these questions are answered by the Social Doctrine of Russian Islam, and at its discussion by the Tatarstan Muslim community at the Russian Islamic University at the end of May attended and BUSINESS Online. Then the working draft of the social doctrine included 7 provisions (with numerous points). The first step, immediately following the introduction, is “Islam and public morality”, further up the ladder of hierarchies are “Islamic education”, “the attitude of Muslims towards representatives of other religions and worldviews”, “the attitude of Islam towards extremes and radicalism”, as well as towards the state and politics. And finally, "Muslims and economic issues." One of the main developers of the doctrine was a well-known Islamic theologian and public figure Ali Vyacheslav Polosin.

“BUT WE ARE A GREAT POWER TOO!”

Returning to yesterday's events in Bolgar, we note that at the end of the opening ceremony of the holiday and the transfer of the hair of the Prophet Muhammad, Minnikhanov met with participants in the first international Kazan forum of young entrepreneurs, which was attended by guests from more than 20 Muslim countries - Turkey, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Iraq , Iran, Pakistan, Algeria, Malaysia, etc. The organizers of the forum and the summer youth camp were the Ministry of Youth of the Republic of Tatarstan, the OIC Youth Forum and the Selet Foundation. The main idea is to bring together young innovators from different countries, authors of innovative, social and business projects on one platform and create conditions for their development, a rich educational program, as well as conditions for finding potential partners and even investors thanks to KazanSummit.

Communicating with the participants of the youth forum, Minnikhanov stressed that there are "many problems associated with the fact that certain entities appear, which, hiding behind the flag of Islam, are trying to do evil and thereby cause great damage to the entire Islamic world." “Russian President Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin has clearly defined the task - Russia must be integrated into the Islamic world. Today we have come here and meet with you, because the future is yours. Without entrepreneurship, without an efficient economy, our country has no future. I thank you for your activity. After all, you can only deal with yourself and your business, and you look at the world more broadly. There are 20 million Muslims in Russia, this is a very important factor. Every year the number of people preaching Islam is increasing, probably, someone does not like it. There are certain currents that harm Islam. They are picked up by destructive currents that do not want the development of Islam, but we cannot agree with this. We are also a great force, there are many of us, we are able to solve any problem.”

The head of Tatarstan called on Muslim youth to think together "how to move forward when they want to denigrate Islam." “We are not well known, and we must integrate into the world community,” Minnikhanov said. - It's no secret that people know about Russia only through certain channels that show our country biased. Allegedly, this is an aggressor country that infringes on the interests of individual peoples. At the same time, ISIS did not appear on its own, it was someone who organized it. And here there is a clear, understandable position of the President of the Russian Federation - there can be no double standards. The Islamic world cannot exist separately. Therefore, we, firstly, need to consolidate within Russia, there must be a clear position, which we have consolidated today in the signed doctrine. Further, I think the same forms should be applied in general throughout the Islamic world. If everyone works separately, we will not achieve great results. Everything will depend on us and on you too. The youth wing of the OIC can bring a lot of useful things to the work of the strategic vision group. Why are we here? Because we want to rely on you. You young people are the most active part of this whole movement. You represent many countries, you have many friends and acquaintances. Therefore, we really need this camp, and we are ready to hold it every year,” Minnikhanov's words were met with thunderous applause. And at the end of the meeting, the head of Tatarstan was not released for a long time, everyone wanted to take a selfie with him ...

At the Atbasar mosque in the village of Sadovy in the Akmola region, a ceremony was held to transfer the hair of the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, to the Spiritual Administration of Muslims of Kazakhstan, Azan.kz reports.

Earlier, the sacred relic was kept by Fatima Abdenkyzy, a resident of the village of Atbasar district of Akmola region. According to Fatima-azhe, the hair of the Prophet, peace be upon him, was passed down in her family from generation to generation, from Bokey's grandfather, haji Sandybay uly, to Fatima's father, Abdibek, and then to her.

Along with the hair, a document confirming the authenticity of the relic was also preserved, which states:

"Sheikh Ahmaduddin received this blessed hair of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, under the patronage of the Ottoman Empire on 12 Muharram 1273 (September 12, 1856) in the presence of the Muslim community in Highly Honored Mecca, may Allah increase its holiness, from Said Masud ibn Said Mahmud.

Further, the chain of transmitters of the relic with the corresponding seals of those times is listed, and it is transmitted: “When this hair is delivered to Bukhara, let the theologians and ulema of Bukhara recognize it and show honor and respect to it. This agreement was concluded on the 11th day of the month of Safar 1287 ( June 10, 1870) in accordance with the Sunnah in the city of Rum in the Naqshbandi Taqiyya of the Uzbeks".

The relic came to Fatima Azhe's grandfather, Bokey Khadzhi, in 1921, which is also reported in the certificate. According to Fatima-azhe, the family took care of her like the apple of their eye, but she still decided to hand over the relic to the SAMK. In gratitude, the keeper was given the keys to the apartment.

The hair transfer ceremony in Astana was attended by the naib-muftis and other representatives of the SAMK, employees of the Akimat of the Akmola region, as well as scientists and intellectuals. The meeting of Fatima-azhe with the Supreme Mufti Yerzhan haji Malgazhyuly took place earlier, in Almaty.

It is authentically known that the hair of the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was distributed to his companions by himself after he shaved his head during the Hajj. The famous companion of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, the commander Khalid bin al Walid, who did not lose a single battle, never parted with the hair of the noble Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. The hair was sewn into his clothes and he went out to fight only with him.

Finding the hair of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, on the Kazakh land is a great honor for us and testifies to the strong connection of our ancestors with Islam.

Historical document confirming the authenticity of the blessed hair from the beard of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)

Bismillahir-rahmanir-rahim

All praise belongs to Allah who gave us the Koran, led us along the path of faith, gave us the opportunity to visit the Forbidden House located in the Most Honored Mecca and the grave of the master of the sons of Adnan, the pious Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

We ask Allah Almighty to gather us in the Gardens of Eden together with those who followed their knowledge and did good. Peace and blessings be upon the Prophet of the best character, as well as his family and companions.

Venerable scientists and religious figures!

Sheikh Ahmaduddin received this blessed hair of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, under the patronage of the Ottoman Empire on 12 Muharram 1273 (September 12, 1856) in the presence of the Muslim community in Mecca, may Allah increase its holiness, from Said Masud ibn Said Mahmud.

Said Masud himself received this blessed hair on Shaaban 18, 1267 (July 9, 1849) in Highly Honored Mecca from a resident of the Radiant Medina, Said Abdullah ibn Hashim.

In turn, Abdullah ibn Hashim received this blessed hair on Shawwal 14, 1265 (September 2, 1849) in the Most Honored Mecca from Said As'ad ibn Said Muhammad.

A humble servant (i.e. Ahmaduddin) on the fifth day of Ramadan 1257, in the presence of the Muslim community, presented this blessed hair from the beard of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) to the venerable mufti of the city of Rum Mullah Iwaz Muhammad.

Iwaz Muhammad on the 8th day of the month of Safar 1287 (June 7, 1870) in the city of Islambul handed over this hair to the son of Damulla Rahmanberdi kazhy Mullah Abdulkhanif.

Let there be no doubt about this hair. When this hair is delivered to Bukhara, let the theologians and ulema of Bukhara recognize it and show honor and respect to it.

Takiya is a shelter for travelers of Bukhara. Its founders are the late Sheikh Kazhibay.

Yurtike hadji received this blessed hair around 1869. I received this blessed hair from Iurtike hadji in March 1921. The name of the recipient of Bokey was haji Sandybayuly.

After the death of Bokey Haji, the blessed hair passed to his son Abdibek. Bokey Hadji died in February 1924.