Topic: Regulatory documents in the field of family education. Regulatory and legal support of family education Individual work with parents in Dow

Currently, every adult man is directly or indirectly to a mentor, a tutor of children, teenagers, youth. In particular, in Constitution of the Russian Federation It is said that citizens of the country should take care of the upbringing of children, prepare them for life in different areas (Art. 38, 43). According to the Constitution, family legislation consists of Family Code of the Russian Federation of December 22, 1995 No. 223-φ and received in accordance with it federal laws, as well as laws of subjects of the Russian Federation. Sources of family law include international legal acts to which Russia has joined, signing international documents. Among them, the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Council of Europe documents, the Convention of the CIS countries on legal assistance and legal relations on civil, family and criminal cases, etc. At the same time, if the provision of the International Treaty Enters the provisions of the Russian legal act, norms apply international documents.

The peculiarity of the norms of family law is to be closely connected with the established centuries by the norms of morality adopted by society. Family law norms and moral requirements bring the fact that they are regulators of behavior of family relations. For example, the norms relating to the rights and responsibilities of the parents for the education of children in the family, their spiritual and moral development, care for health, protection of their rights, their roots go to the region of morality, traditions, these norms developed for centuries.

The relationship of the norms of family law with the norms of morality emphasizes their important feature in society: they are designed to solve educational tasks. They provide their educational impact not only by the statement of certain family legal norms, but also by creating a model of moral behavior that meets the requirements of modern society. This is especially important for Russia, where, according to the testimony of sociologists, the unfavorable social and chicological situation in the family, characterized by such manifestations, as a shortage of communicating parents, especially fathers, with children; lack of appropriate age-related features of children; the predominance of authoritarian and command-style communication with children; The widespread prevalence of punishments (including physical) compared with various forms of promotion and support for children.

The Family Code of the Russian Federation contains legal norms regulating family relationships and concretizing them in the following areas:

- General provisions (family legislation, implementation and protection of family rights);
- conclusion and termination of marriage (conditions and procedure for concluding marriage, termination and invalidity of marriage);
- Nrava and duties of spouses (personal rights and obligations of spouses, responsibility of spouses for obligations, etc.);
- the rights and obligations of parents and children (the rights of minor children, rights and obligations of parents);
- Aliminal obligations of family members (Aliminal obligations of parents and children, other family members);
- Forms of education of children left without parental care (identification and device of children left without parental care, adoption (adoption) of children, guardianship and guardianship over children, adoptive family).

The Family Code of the Russian Federation provides a significant strengthening of guarantees of children's rights in family relations, for this allocated a special chapter "Minors". Article 56 "The Right of the Child on Protection" indicates that the child has the right to defense against abuse from parents or persons replacing them. In case of violation of the rights and legitimate interests of the child, including at the non-fulfillment or in improper fulfillment by parents, the child's education, education, or in the abuse of parental rights, the child has the right to independently apply for their protection to the guardianship and guardianship authority, and at the age of 14 years - to court.

The child is granted the right to express his opinion when deciding in the family of any issue affecting his interests, as well as the right to be heard during the judicial or administrative proceedings. Accounting for the opinion of the child who has reached the age of ten years is obligatory, with the exception of cases when it contradicts his interests.

It is important to emphasize that the rights cannot exist without responsibility and responsibilities, therefore, when informing parents or children about their rights, it is necessary to emphasize on the responsibility that is imposed on these rights.

Family and DoO - two educational phenomena, each of which gives the child social experience, but only in combination with each other, they create the best conditions for its entry into the world of social relations, public pre-school education was created as a family assistance institution in the education and education of the child.

Accordingly, the position of the preschool institution in working with the family changes. Each preschool educational institution not only brings up a child, but also advises parents on raising children. Pedagogue of the preschool institution is not only a teacher of children, but also a partner of parents to their upbringing.

The idea of \u200b\u200bthe relationship of public and family education has found its reflection in a number of regulatory legal documents.

The main legislative documents within which the unity of family and pre-school public education is noted:

) Child Right Declaration.

) The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989).

) Constitution of the Russian Federation.

) Family code.

) FZ "On the basic guarantees of the rights of the child in the Russian Federation".

) Federal Law 273-FZ "On Education in the Russian Federation"

) Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (Ministry of Education and Science of Russia) of 23.11.2009. №655 "On approval and implementation of federal state requirements for the structure of the main educational program of pre-school education".

) Concept of pre-school education.

) Typical position on DOA and others.

). Charter Dow.

The analysis of regulatory documents regulating the continuity of family and public education has revealed the following.

Child Right Declaration is the first international document. In the 10 principles set forth in the declaration, the rights of children are proclaimed: in the name, citizenship, love, understanding, material support, social protection and the provision of the possibility of obtaining education, develop physically, morally and spiritually under freedom and dignity.

Special attention in the declaration is given to the protection of the child. On the basis of the child's rights declaration, an international document was developed - Convention on the Rights of the ChildGuaranteeing the life and health of children. In accordance with it, parents guarantee the freedom and dignity of their children, creating conditions in the family under which they can take place as individuals and citizens, providing prerequisites for their free creative life.

Convention on the Rights of the Child links the rights of a child with the rights and obligations of parents and other persons who are responsible for the life of children, their development and protection, and gives the child the right to participate in decision-making affecting its present and future.

The Convention is emphasized that children have the right to special care and help, for which in the family as a natural environment for habitat and well-being of all its members and especially children should be provided with the necessary protection.. It is recognized that for the complete and harmonious development of the person's personality, it is necessary to raise in the family environment, in the atmosphere of happiness, love and understanding. Only such conditions can prepare children to independently life in society and raise them in the spirit of universal ideals.

Convention warns parents about authoritarianism in family education. She calls on them to build relationships with children on a high moral and legal basis. Respect for opinion, views, the child's personality in general should be in the family not only the manifestation of the norm of universal culture, but also the norm of law. Family pedagogy should be built by parents based on the relations of equal personalities, equal entities of law, and not on the basis of the requirements of the elders, not on the blind subordination of one. Parents should strive to ensure that the rod in the formation of the growing person was the upbringing of a respectful attitude to the law, to the rights of other people, every person.

On the basis of the Convention, regulatory documents of the federal and regional levels of the Russian Federation are being developed. The main legal foundations of family education, the realization of the rights of the child on the defense, declared in the Convention are based on the relevant articles Constitution of the Russian Federation. Constitution obliges parents to take care of the raising of children, to acquaint them to work and educate hard work (Art. 38). One of the basic principles of education of children in the family, enshrined by law is providing Father and Mother of Equal Rights and Responsibilities for His Children. This principle provides the best conditions for compliance with the interests of children, guarantees protection against the manifestation of parental egoism, serves as a basis for objective, reasonable solutions.

Parents are required to contain their juvenile children, as well as children of disabled and need. The material content of children is a necessary prerequisite for ensuring all other parental rights and responsibilities. The material content of children is the moral duty of parents. To parents who do not fulfill their debt by their content and upbringing, a strict moral measure can be applied - deprivation of parental rights.

Allow complex situations for parenting is called upon Family Code of the Russian Federation, which determined the rights and obligations of parents to raise children, ordered the amount of the payment of alimony to the maintenance of children and others.

Family Code of the Russian Federation is a document regulating legal issues of family relations on the basis of the current Constitution of the Russian Federation and the new civil legislation. In the Family Code of the Russian Federation, generally accepted principles and norms of the international law "Child on life and education in the family, to defense, on the ability to freely express their opinions."

Section IV Family Code of the Russian Federation is entirely devoted to the rights and obligations of parents and children. Of particular interest are the chapter 11 "Minors of juvenile children" and chapter 12 "rights and obligations of parents".

The Family Code of the Russian Federation is the 3rd document, in which the principles of family legislation are agreed with the basic principles and provisions of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. The Code is the result of large-scale work on the creation of new progressive legal norms for the regulation of intra-family relations, which should be the most important part of the legislation on the family. The Code establishes the conditions and procedure for marriage, termination of marriage and recognizing it invalid, regulates personal non-property and property relations between family members. Traditional moral values \u200b\u200bare confirmed by the traditional moral values: the voluntaryness of marriage based on mutual trust, respect, love and mutual support, unitouch, equality of spouses in the family.

For the first time in the current Family Code of the child it is recognized as an independent subject of law, and not as a dependent object of parental authorities. The basic principle of domestic legislation – The priority of family education of children, protecting their rights and interests. The Code is built on the principle of respect for the rights of parents, equality of the rights and obligations of the Father and Mother. This means that all questions relating to children, parents decide together, no one has the advantages of each other. For both parents, the principle of general and the same responsibility for the upbringing and development of the child is introduced. When dissolved, parental rights and responsibilities are saved. Material content of children to their majority (and disabled and further) – Moral duty of parents, the necessary prerequisite for other parental rights and obligations.

Article 61 states about the equality of the rights and obligations of parents. Parents have equal rights and carry equal responsibilities against their children (parental rights). The parental rights provided for by this chapter are terminated to achieve the children of the age of eighteen years (majority), as well as when joining minor children in marriage and in other cases established by law, the acquisition of fully capacity to achieve majority.

Article 64 defines the rights and obligations of parents to protect the rights and interests of children. Parents are legitimate representatives of their children and defend their rights and interests in relations with any individuals and legal entities, including vessels, without special powers. Parents are not entitled to represent the interests of their children if the guardianship and guardianship authority has established that there are contradictions between the interests of parents and children.

Ensuring the interests of children is the subject of special care of parents. Parental rights cannot be conflicted with the interests of children. Ensuring the interests of children should be the subject of the main care of their parents. In the implementation of parental rights, parents are not entitled to harm the physical and mental health of children, their moral development. Methods of education of children should exclude disdainful, cruel, coarse, degrading human dignity appeal, insult or exploitation of children.

Parents who make parental rights to the detriment of the rights and interests of children are responsible in the manner prescribed by law. All questions regarding the upbringing and education of children are solved by parents by their mutual agreement on the basis of the interests of children and taking into account the opinion of children. Parents in the presence of disagreements are entitled to seek the resolution of these disagreements to the guardianship and guardianship or court.

Article 67 determines the right to communicate with the child of Grandparents, grandmothers, brothers, sisters and other relatives. According to her, grandfather, grandmother, brothers, sisters and other relatives have the right to communicate with the child. In case of refusal of parents (one of them) from the provision of close relatives of the child the opportunity to communicate with him the guardianship and guardianship can obliges parents (one of them) not to impede this communication. If parents (one of them) do not obey the decision of the guardianship and guardianship body, close relatives of the child or the guardianship body and the guardianship are entitled to apply to the court with a claim to eliminate obstacles to communication with the child. The court permits the dispute based on the interests of the child and taking into account the opinion of the child.

The rights of the child to defense, the expression of their opinion, the protection of property rights, to protect his interests in the case of the inadequate appeal with it. The dissolution of parents, recognition of his invalidity or separate accommodation of parents does not affect the rights of the child.

Article 66 determines the implementation of parental rights by the parent residing separately from the child. So, the parent who lives separately from the child has the right to communicate with the child, participation in its upbringing and addressing the issues of the child's education. The parent with whom the child lives should not prevent the child's communication with another parent, if such communication does not harm the physical and mental health of the child, its moral development. The parent who lives separately from the child has the right to receive information about his child from educational institutions, medical institutions, institutions of social protection of the population and other similar institutions.

The Code contains grounds for deprivation and restriction of parental rights of fathers and mothers (evasion of material content and education of children, ill-treatment of them, antisocial behavior, severe mental diseases of parents, their immoral influence on children).

Article 69 determines the procedure for depriving parental rights. Parents (one of them) may be deprived of parental rights if they are:

- evade the fulfillment of parental duties, including with malicious evasion from the payment of alimony;

- refuse without valid reasons to take their child from the maternity hospital (separation) or from a particular medical institution, educational institution, institutions of social protection of the population or from other similar institutions;

- abuse with their parental rights;

- cruelly treated with children, including physical or mental violence over them, begged on their sexual integrity;

- are patients with chronic alcoholism or drug addiction;

- committed an intentional crime against the life or health of their children or against the life or health of the spouse.

Parents, devoid of parental rights lose all rights based on kinship with a child in respect of whom they were deprived of parental rights, including the right to receive content (Article 87 of this Code), as well as the right to benefits and benefits established by For citizens who have children. At the same time, deprivation of parental rights does not relieve parents from the duty to contain their child.

A child in respect of which parents (one of them) are deprived of parental rights, retains the ownership of the residential premises or the right to use the residential premises, and also retains property rights based on the fact of kinship, including the right to receive inheritance.

Parents can be restored in parental rights in cases if they changed the behavior, lifestyle and (or) attitude towards raising a child (Article 72). Restoration in parental rights is carried out in court at the request of the parent, deprived of parental rights. Parental rights are not allowed if the child is adopted and adoption is not canceled (Article 140 of this Code).

Article 73 defines the restriction of parental rights. The restriction of parental rights is allowed if leaving the child with parents (one of them) is dangerous for the child in circumstances, from parents (one of them) independent (mental disorder or other chronic disease, a host of difficult circumstances and others). The restriction of parental rights is also allowed in cases if leaving the child with parents (one of them) due to their behavior is dangerous for the child, but sufficient grounds are not established for the deprivation of parental rights.

In the Family Code, the rights of orphans and children left without parental care are particularly recorded. The Code determines the form of education of children left without parental care, establishes the procedural identification and a device of such children, introduces a new institution of family education of this category of children - a reception family. Other forms of the device remaining without parental care are preserved: adoption, guardianship and guardianship supervision, education in the boarding school.

In order to "create legal, socio-economic conditions for the realization of the rights and legitimate interests of the child", provided for by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, adopted by the Federal Law "On the basic guarantees of the rights of the child in the Russian Federation." This law highlight a special category of children in need of protection from the state (disabled children, victims of armed and interethnic conflicts, children with behavioral deviations, children whose livelihoods are violated as a result of established circumstances and which cannot overcome these circumstances themselves or with the help of the family).

IN Federal Law 273 -FZ "On Education in the Russian Federation" Art.44 defined rights, duties and responsibilities in the field of parental education (legal representatives) minors students:

1. Parents of minors students have the preemptive right to teach and raising children to all other persons. They are obliged to lay the foundations of the physical, moral and intellectual development of the child's personality ...

2. ... have the right:

2) give the child a preschool, the initial total, the main general, secondary general education in the family. A child who receives education in the family, by decision of his parents, taking into account his opinion at any stage of training, has the right to continue education in an educational organization ...

6) receive information on all types of planned surveys (psychological, psychological and pedagogical) students, agree to conduct such surveys or participating in such surveys, to abandon them or participate in them, obtain information on the results of the surveys of the student surveys ...

Art.45 identifies measures to protect the rights of parents of minor students ...

To send to the management authorities an organization engaged in educational activities, appealing to the employees of these organizations that violate and (or) infringement of the rights of students ...

Article 17 identified forms of education and form of training

In the Russian Federation, education can be obtained:

1) in organizations engaged in educational activities;

2) beyond organizations exercising one

Education in the form of family education and self-education is carried out with the right of subsequent passage of interim and final certification in organizations exercising OD.

"Concept of pre-school education" aboutthe new approaches to cooperate with parents, which are based on the relationship between two systems - Dou and family, family community and kindergarten. The essence of this approach is to combine the efforts of preschool institutions and families to develop the personality of both children and adults, taking into account the interests and features of each community members, his rights and responsibilities.

The concept is focused on the next position: " Family and kindergarten having their own special functions, cannot replace each other. An important condition for continuity is to establish confidence, business contact between the family and the kindergarten garden, during which the educational position of parents and the teacher is adjusted, which is especially necessary when preparing children for school».

In accordance with "The concept of pre-school education" Each child has the right to happiness. Family and kindergarten are connected by the form of continuity, which ensures the continuity of education and children's training. but the preschooler is not a relay, which the family transmits into the hands of teachers of the children's institution. It is not important to the principle of parallelism, but the principle of interpenetration of two social institutions. A kindergarten should be the center of restructuring of the entire pedagogical policy in the country, the spontaneous prevailing systems of upbringing.

Family and kindergarten have their own special functions and cannot replace each other. An important condition for continuity is to establish trust business contact between the family and the kindergarten garden, during which the educational position of the parents, the teacher is corrected, which is especially necessary when preparing children to school.

In accordance with the Law "On Education" and the Typical Regulations on the DOU, in Charter of kindergarten The rights and obligations of all participants in the educational process are presented: children, teachers, parents.

In labor agreementAnd also in the contract with parents negate the conditions for the preservation of the protection of the rights and dignity of the child.

In the decree of the President of the Russian Federation of June 01, 2012 No. 761 "On the National Strategy of Action for Children for 2012-2017" It is said that "in the vulnerable situation there are children from 1.5 to 3 years old, children from large families and incomplete families and children of unemployed parents." Special attention is paid to vulnerable categories of children. It is indicated that "it is necessary to develop and implement forms of work with such children, allowing to overcome their social exclusion and, promoting rehabilitation and full integration into society"

In Gos It is indicated that one of the conditions necessary to create the social situation of the development of children, relevant to the specifics of preschool age, is "interaction with parents on the education of a child, directly involving them in OD, incl. Through the creation of educational projects in conjunction with the family on the basis of the identification of the needs and support of educational initiatives of the family. " The document identifies the basic principles of pre-school education, among which:

· Cooperation of the organization with family;

· Promotion of children to sociocultural standards, traditions of family, society and state;

The standard is aimed at solving certain tasks, including:

· Ensuring the psychological and pedagogical support of the family

· Increasing the competence of parents (legal representatives) in matters of development and education, protection and health promotion

· Creating conditions for parental participation (legal representatives) in educational activities.

Fastening the studied material (verbally respond to test tasks):

Perform test tasks:

1) name the legislative document regulating the conditions and procedure for marriage and its termination; personal property and non-property relationships between family members; the priority of family education; Child's right to live and brought up in the family:

2) Name a legislative document indicating that one of the basic principles of education of children in the family is to provide the father and mother of equal rights and obligations against their children, ensuring the best conditions for compliance with the interests of children and protect against the manifestation of parental egoism.

a) Constitution of the Russian Federation, c) Family Code of the Russian Federation, d) Federal Law 273-FZ "On Education in the Russian Federation", e) Concept of pre-school education.
3) What is the legislative document containing these provisions: parents (legal representatives) of minors students have a predominant right to teach and raising children to all other persons. They are obliged to lay the foundations of the physical, moral and intellectual development of the child's personality:

4) What document links the rights of a child with the rights and obligations of parents and other persons who are responsible for the life of children, their development and protection, and provides the child to participate in decision-making affecting his present and future?

a) Constitution of the Russian Federation, b) Convention on the Rights of the Child, c) Family Code of the Russian Federation, d) Federal Law 273-FZ "On Education in the Russian Federation", e) Concept of pre-school education.

5) In which document it is indicated that "the family and kindergarten in the chronological row are associated with the form of continuity, which ensures the continuity of the education and communication of children, but the preschooler is not a relay, which the family reports in the hands of the pedagogues of the children's institution. It is not important to the principle of parallelism, but the principle of interpenetration of two social institutions. "

a) the Constitution of the Russian Federation,

b) the Convention on the Rights of the Child,

c) Family Code of the Russian Federation,

d) the law of the Russian Federation "On Education",

e) concept of pre-school education.

6) Name the legislative document containing these provisions: the right of children for special care and assistance; The child for the complete and harmonious development of his personality should grow in a married environment; The family must have the necessary protection and assistance in order to fully impose responsibility within the Company:
a) Constitution of the Russian Federation, b) Convention on the Rights of the Child, B) Family Code of the Russian Federation, d) RF Law "On Education".
7) Select the correct answer: a document in which the following conditions are highlighted:interaction with parents (legal representatives) on the education of a child, direct involvement in educational activities, including through the creation of educational projects in conjunction with family based on identifying the needs and support of educational initiatives of the family
a) Constitution of the Russian Federation, b) on the basic guarantees of the rights of the child in the Russian Federation. c) GEF to, d) Law of the Russian Federation "On Education".

8) In this law, the question was raised that the protection of the rights of the child for education and development is ensured by the interaction of various organizations and institutions; A special category of children in need of protection from the state is distinguished

a) the Constitution of the Russian Federation,

b) the Convention on the Rights of the Child,

c) Family Code of the Russian Federation,

d) the law of the Russian Federation "On Education",

e) about the basic guarantees of the rights of the child in the Russian Federation.

9) This document prevents parents about authoritarianism in family education. It indicates that "respect for opinion, views, the child's personality in general should be in the family not only the manifestation of the norm of universal culture, but also the norm."

10) What document contains the following provisions: "Parents are required to contain their minor children, as well as children disabled and needing help. The material content of children is a necessary prerequisite for ensuring all other parental rights and responsibilities. The material content of children is the moral duty of parents "?

11) In which document, generally accepted principles and norms of the international law "Child on life and education in the family, to defense; the right to live and raise in your family; know their parents on their care; The right to a joint accommodation with parents, for communication with both parents ... the right to express their opinion when solving in the family of any question affecting his interests ... Parents have equal rights and carry equal responsibilities against their children "

12) This document focuses on the next position: "Family and kindergarten, having their special functions, cannot replace each other. An important condition for continuity is to establish trust, business contact between the family and a kindergarten, during which the educational position of the parents and the teacher is adjusted, which is especially necessary when preparing children to school. " A kindergarten should be the center of restructuring of the entire pedagogical policy in the country, the spontaneous prevailing systems of upbringing.

13) In this document it is indicated that "in the vulnerable situation there are children from 1.5 to 3 years, children from large families and incomplete families and children of unemployed parents." Special attention is paid to vulnerable categories of children. It is indicated that "it is necessary to develop and implement forms of work with such children, allowing to overcome their social exclusion and, promoting rehabilitation and full integration into society"

a) Decree "On the National Strategy of Action for Children for 2012-2017"

B) Convention on the Rights of the Child, B) Family Code of the Russian Federation, D) Federal Law 273-FZ "On Education in the Russian Federation".

14) in which document Forms of obtaining education and form of training , it is indicated that training in the form of family education and self-education is carried out with the right of subsequent passage of the interim and state-state certification in organizations engaged in educational activities.

Family education is based on the family law, which is enshrined by the Constitution of the country, legislative and regulatory documents on marriage, family, child rights and child protection.

An important place among documents guaranteeing the life and health of children occupies International Convention on the Rights of the Child. In accordance with it, parents guarantee the freedom and dignity of their children, creating conditions in the family under which they can take place as individuals and citizens, providing prerequisites for their free creative life.

In the Convention on the Rights of the Child, it is emphasized that children have the right to special care and help, for which in the family as a natural environment for habitat and well-being of all its members and especially children must be provided with the necessary protection. It is recognized that for the complete and harmonious development of the person's personality, it is necessary to raise in the family environment, in the atmosphere of happiness, love and understanding. Only such conditions can prepare children to independently life in society and raise them in the spirit of universal ideals.

Family pedagogy should be built by parents based on the relations of equal personalities, equal entities of law, and not on the basis of the requirements of the elders, not on the blind subordination of one. Parents should strive to ensure that the rod in the formation of the younger personality was upbringing a respectful attitude to the law to the rights of other people, every person.

In the Russian Federation, the legal foundations of family education are based on the relevant articles Constitution of the Russian Federation and Law of the Russian Federation "On Education". The public education system provides general educational and professional training of citizens, their spiritual and physical development. The Constitution obliges parents to take care of the raising of children, to acquaint them to work and educate hard work (Art. 38). One of the basic principles of education of children in the family, enshrined by law, is the provision of father and mother equal rights and obligations against their children. This principle provides the best conditions for compliance with the interests of children, guarantees protection against the manifestation of parental egoism, serves as a basis for objective, reasonable solutions.

Parents are required to contain their minor children, as well as children disabled and needing assistance. The material content of children is a necessary prerequisite for ensuring all other parental rights and responsibilities. The material content of children is the moral duty of parents. To parents who do not fulfill their debt by their content and upbringing, a strict moral measure can be applied - deprivation of parental rights.

Allow complex situations for parenting is called upon Family Code of the Russian Federation, which determined the rights and obligations of parents to raise children, streamlined the size of the payment of alimony for the maintenance of children and others.

80. Family education: principles and content

A family - This is a socio-pedagogical group of people intended to optimally meet the needs for self-preservation (continuation of the genus) and self-affirmation (self-esteem) of each of its member. All personal qualities can be formed in the family.

Family education - This is a system of upbringing and education, developing in a particular family by the forces of parents and relatives. It is influenced by heredity and biological (natural) health of children and parents, material and economic security, social status, lifestyle, the number of family members, place of residence (place at home), attitude towards the child. All this is organically intertwined and in each particular case manifests itself in different ways.

Tasks Families are to:

- create maximum conditions for the growth and development of the child;

- become the socio-economic and psychological protection of the child;

- transfer the experience of creating and preserving families, educating children and attitudes towards elder;

- Teach children with useful applied skills and skills aimed at self-service and help close;

- Rise a sense of self-esteem, the values \u200b\u200bof your own "I".

Family education has their own principles. The most common of them:

- humanity and mercy to a growing person;

- involvement of children in the life of the family as its equal participants;

- openness and trust of relationships with children;

- optimism of family relationships;

- sequence in their requirements (not to require the impossible);

- Provision of satisfaction with your child, willingness to answer questions.

In addition to these principles, there are a number of private, but no less significant for family education: prohibition of physical punishments, prohibiting other people's letters and diaries, not to moralize, not to speak too much, not to demand immediate obedience, not to indulge, etc. All principles, however They are reduced to one thought: the children are glad in the family, not because the children are good, with them are easy, and children are good and with them easily because they are glad.

The content of family education covers all directions. The family provides physical, aesthetic, labor, mental and moral education of children, changing from age to age. As the parents and relatives in the family give the guys knowledge of nature, society, production, professions, technique; form the experience of creative activities; produce some intelligent skills; Risk attitudes towards peace, people, profession, life.

A special place in family education takes moral education. And first of all, the education of such qualities as goodwill, kindness, attention and mercy to people, honesty, openness, hard work. Sometimes there are obedience.

The purpose of family education is the formation of personality qualities that will help decent to overcome the difficulties and obstacles found in the vitality.

Family education has its own methods, and rather, the priority use of some of them. This is a personal example, discussion, trust, showing, love, empathy, elevation, control, humor, instruction, tradition, praise, sympathy, etc. The selection is purely individually taking into account specific situational conditions.

Municipal budgetary institution "Secondary school № 49 with in-depth study of individual items" Belgorod

Regulatory and legal support of family education

Classroom teacher

Bogomazova E.M.

2015-2016 uch. year

belgorod

Character, health, vital success, faith in Human begins with a family, with his family education. From it begins the formation of a person's personality. Optimist it will be either a pessimist, egoist or altruist, will hide the head in the sand, like an ostrich, or not be afraid to take responsibility - it all depends on the education of a person and the example of his parents.

Nowadays, the tasks of family education differ significantly from the period of Soviet times. If earlier the dominant and common task of the family and school was the upbringing of collectivism, patriotism, activity, diligence of the child for the benefit of society, today the family and the school raises the personality, opens individual talents and abilities, no one for one line and template does not raise. Today, children know their rights and often quote the UN Convention on the Protection of the Rights of the Child.

Family education is, above all, the system of relationships of parents with children. Family education is based on the family law, which is enshrined by the Constitution of the country, legislative and regulatory documents on marriage, family, child rights and child protection.

Legal support of the rights and obligations of parents:

Constitution of the Russian Federation

Convention on the Rights of the Child

Family Code of the Russian Federation

Law of the Russian Federation "On Education"

Federal Law "On Basic Guarantees of the Rights of the Child in the Russian Federation"

Constitution of the Russian Federation, Article 38

Each child from the moment of birth has the right to education and care guaranteed by the state. This right is provided primarily by the provision of parental rights parents, which are simultaneously the duties of education, which is enshrined in Constitution.
Equality of rights and obligations of parents is ensured by family legislation. Its norms establish that the father and mother have equal rights and carry equal responsibilities against their children. Each of them (until the age of majority is achieved, i.e. up to 18 years old) has the right and must educate its children, take care of their health, physical, mental and moral development. Parents are obliged to ensure the receipt of the children of basic general education. They are legitimate representatives of their children and have the right to defend their rights and interests in relations with any persons ....

From the Constitution and Family Code of the Russian Federation:

Education of children is the constitutional obligation of parents. They are called:

Raise children in the spirit of respect and love for labor,

Prepare them to social and useful activities,

Teach a discipline

Take care of the development and strengthening of physical and mental health,

Stimulate to the conscious choice of profession.

An important place among documents guaranteeing the life and health of children is held by the International Convention for the Rights of the Child, adopted by the UN General Assembly of November 20, 1989, entered into force for Russia 15.09.1990.

UN Convention on the Rights of the Child - International Legal Document, defining the rights of children in States parties. The Convention on the Rights of the Child is the first and basic international legal instrument of a mandatory nature dedicated to a wide range of child rights. The document consists of 54 articles detailing individual rights of persons aged from birth to 18 years (if according to the applicable laws of the majority does not occur earlier) on the complete development of its capabilities in conditions free from hunger and needs, cruelty, operation and other forms of abuse.

This is a global document of high class. In accordance with him, parents guarantee the freedom and dignity of their children, creating conditions in the family under which they can take place as individuals and citizens, providing prerequisites for their free creative life. The Convention provides a new opportunity to show concrete love for children. Modern civilization, its humanistic prerequisites are purchased in our day universal character. At the same time, a fairly significant number of deprivation factors and abuses, whose victims are becoming children. That is why parents in each family need to learn the provisions of the Convention as the child's right to the life and the right of a child to their parents. They also need to learn three principles of the implementation of the Convention, the first of which is knowledge of its basic provisions; The second is an understanding of the rights proclaimed in it; The third is support and concrete measures and cases on the conversion of them into reality.

In the Convention on the Rights of the Child, it is emphasized that children have the right to special care and help, for which in the family as the main cell of society and the natural environment for the growth and well-being of all its members and especially children should be provided with the necessary protection. It is recognized that for the complete and harmonious development of the person, the child needs to grow in a married environment, in the atmosphere of happiness, love and understanding. Only such conditions can prepare children to independently life in society and raise them in the spirit of universal ideals, in the spirit of peace and their own dignity.

If parents cruelly turn to the child or do not care about it, if they are voluntarily or involuntarily, they harm the physical or moral health of children, relevant competent authorities on the basis of a court decision deprive their parental rights, and children determine in education in government agencies.

The Convention warns parents from authoritarianism in family education. She calls on them to build relationships with children on a high moral and legal basis. Respect for opinion, views, the child's personality in general should be in the family not only the manifestation of the norm of universal culture, but also the norm of law. Family pedagogy should be built by parents based on the relations of equal personalities, equal entities of law, and not on the basis of the requirements of the elders, not on the blind subordination of one. Parents should strive to ensure that the rod in the formation of the younger personality was upbringing a respectful attitude to the law to the rights of other people, every person.

The unscrupulous implementation of parental duties for the education of children is not without a trace, it will definitely affect the identity of the child. In these cases, guardianship and guardianship authorities carry out supervision, regulate the relations of parents, grandparents, brothers, sisters and other relatives, if there is a complex, difficult situation to raise children. For legal resolution of such situations arising in the new living conditions of society, the State Duma in 1995 adopted the Family Code of the Russian Federation, which was scheduled to strengthen the family, determined the rights and obligations of parents to raise children, streamlined the size of the payment of alimony for the maintenance of children and others.

Rights and obligations of parents are defined by chapter 12 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation

Article 63. Rights and obligations of parents for the education and education of children

1. Parents have the right and must educate their children.

Parents are responsible for the upbringing and development of their children. They are obliged to take care of the health, physical, mental, spiritual and moral development of their children.

Parents have a predominant right to raise their children to all other persons.

2. Parents are obliged to ensure the acquisition of the main general education and to create conditions for their average (full) general education.

Parents, taking into account the opinion of children, have the right to choose an educational institution and the form of education by children.

Article 44. Rights, duties and responsibilities in the field of parental education (legal representatives) minors students

1. Parents Juvenile students have a predominant right to teach and raising children to all other persons. They are obliged to lay the foundations of the physical, moral and intellectual development of the child's personality.

2. Public authorities and local governments, educational organizations provide assistance to parents (legal representatives) minors students in raising children, protect and strengthen their physical and mental health, the development of individual abilities and the necessary correction of violations of their development.

3. Parents (legal representatives) minors students have the right:

1) To choose to complete the receipt of the child's main general education, taking into account the opinion of the child, as well as taking into account the recommendations of the Psychological and Medical and Pedagogical Commission (if available), the form of obtaining education and form of education, organizations engaged in educational activities, language, educational languages, optional and elective educational items, courses, disciplines (modules) from the list offered by the organization carrying out educational activities;

2) give the child a preschool, the initial total, the main general, secondary general education in the family. A child who receives education in the family, by decision of his parents (legal representatives), taking into account his opinion at any stage of training, has the right to continue education in an educational organization;

3) Get acquainted with the Charter of the Organization, carrying out educational activities, license to carry out educational activities, with a certificate of state accreditation, with educational and software documentation and other documents regulating the organization and implementation of educational activities;

4) Get acquainted with the content of education used by learning and education, educational technologies, as well as with estimates of the performance of their children;

5) protect the rights and legitimate interests of students;

7) to participate in the management of an organization carrying out educational activities in the form determined by the Charter of this organization;

8) to be present during the examination of the Children of the Psychological and Medical and Pedagogical Commission, discussing the results of the survey and recommendations obtained from the results of the survey, to express their opinion on the proposed conditions for the organization of training and education of children.

4. Parents (legitimate representatives) minors are required:

1) to ensure the receipt of general education children;

2) comply with the rules of the organization's internal regulations engaged in educational activities, the rules for living in boarding schools, the requirements of local regulations that establish the training regime, the procedure for regulating educational relations between the educational organization and training and (or) their parents (legal representatives) and design the emergence, suspension and termination of these relations;

3) Respect the honor and dignity of students and employees of the organization carrying out educational activities.

5. Other rights and obligations of parents (legal representatives) minors are established by this federal law, other federal laws, an agreement on education (if available).

6. For non-fulfillment or improper fulfillment of duties established by this Federal Law and other federal laws, parents (legal representatives) of minor students are responsible provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Article 45. Protection of the rights of students, parents (legal representatives) of minor students

Thus, the regulatory and legal documents have absorbed the main provisions on the protection of the life and health of children, about the role, rights and obligations of parents to create conditions for such protection, to raise children in the family.

Introduction

State Legislative Documents on the Unity of Family and Preschool Public Education

Conclusion

Introduction

For the thousand-year history of mankind, two branches of the growth of the younger generation were formed: family and public.

A dispute is published, which is more important in the formation of a person: family or public education? Some great teachers were inclined in favor of the family, others gave the palm of championship to public institutions. Meanwhile, modern science has numerous data indicating that without prejudice to the development of the child's personality, it is impossible to abandon family education, since its strength and effectiveness is incomparable with any, even very qualified education in kindergarten.

The pre-school institution plays an important role in the development of the child. Here he gets education, acquires the ability to interact with other children and adults, organize its own activities. However, how efficiently the child will master these skills, depends on the relationship of the family to the preschool institution. The harmonious development of preschoolers without the active participation of his parents in the educational process is unlikely possible.

Deep changes in the interaction of the family and pre-school institution occurred in the 90s of the twentieth century. It was associated with the reform of education, which affected the system of pre-school education. The change in the state policy in the field of education led to the recognition of the positive role of the family in the raising of children and the need to interact with it.

The importance of family education in the process of developing children determines the importance of the interaction of the family and preschool institution.

The goal of the work is to study and briefly describe the main state legislative documents on the unity of family and preschool public education.

State Legislative Documents on the Unity of Family and Preschool Public Education

Family and Dow - two educational phenomena, each of whom gives the child social experience, but only in combination with each other, they create optimal conditions for its entry into the world of social relations, public pre-school education was created as a family assistance institution in the education and education of the child.

The idea of \u200b\u200bthe relationship of public and family education has found its reflection in a number of regulatory legal documents.

The main legislative documents within which the unity of family and pre-school public education is noted:

) Child Right Declaration.

) The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989).

) Constitution of the Russian Federation.

) FZ "On the basic guarantees of the rights of the child in the Russian Federation".

) Law of the Russian Federation "On Education" of 07/10/1992 No. 3266-1.

) Concept of pre-school education.

) Typical position on DOA and others.

). Charter Dow.

The analysis of regulatory documents regulating the continuity of family and public education has revealed the following.

The Declaration of Rights of the Child is the first international document. In the 10 principles set forth in the declaration, the rights of children are proclaimed: in the name, citizenship, love, understanding, material support, social protection and the provision of the possibility of obtaining education, develop physically, morally and spiritually under freedom and dignity.

Special attention in the declaration is given to the protection of the child. On the basis of the Child Right Declaration, an international document was developed - the Convention on the Rights of the Child Guaranteed the Life and Health of Children. In accordance with it, parents guarantee the freedom and dignity of their children, creating conditions in the family under which they can take place as individuals and citizens, providing prerequisites for their free creative life.

The Convention on the Rights of the Child links the rights of the child with the rights and obligations of parents and other persons responsible for the life of children, their development and protection, and provides the child to participate in decision-making affecting its present and future.

The Convention is emphasized that children have the right to special care and help, for which in the family as a natural environment for habitat and well-being of all its members and especially children, the necessary protection must be provided. It is recognized that for the complete and harmonious development of the person's personality, it is necessary to raise in the family environment, in the atmosphere of happiness, love and understanding. Only such conditions can prepare children to independently life in society and raise them in the spirit of universal ideals.

The Convention warns parents about authoritarianism in family education. She calls on them to build relationships with children on a high moral and legal basis. Respect for opinion, views, the child's personality in general should be in the family not only the manifestation of the norm of universal culture, but also the norm of law. Family pedagogy should be built by parents based on the relations of equal personalities, equal entities of law, and not on the basis of the requirements of the elders, not on the blind subordination of one. Parents should strive to ensure that the rod in the formation of the younger personality was upbringing a respectful attitude to the law to the rights of other people, every person.

On the basis of the Convention, regulatory documents of the federal and regional levels of the Russian Federation are being developed. The main legal frameworks of family education, the realization of the child's rights to defense declared in the Convention are based on the relevant articles of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The Constitution obliges parents to take care of the raising of children, to acquaint them to work and educate hard work (Art. 38). One of the basic principles of education of children in the family, enshrined by law, is the provision of father and mother equal rights and obligations against their children. This principle provides the best conditions for compliance with the interests of children, guarantees protection against the manifestation of parental egoism, serves as a basis for objective, reasonable solutions.

The Family Code of the Russian Federation, which has determined the rights and obligations of parents to raise children, was intended to solve the difficult situations for the education of children, which determined the rights and obligations of parents to raise children on the maintenance of children and others.

In order to "create legal, socio-economic conditions for the realization of the rights and legitimate interests of the child", provided for by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, adopted by the Federal Law "On the basic guarantees of the rights of the child in the Russian Federation". This law allocates a special category of children in need of protection from the state (disabled children, victims of armed and interethnic conflicts, children with behavioral deviations, children, the livelihood of which is violated as a result of the circumstances and which cannot overcome these circumstances themselves or with families).

The Law of the Russian Federation "On Education" states that teachers and parents should become not only equal, but also with equivalent participants in the educational process. Art.18 says:

parents are the first teachers. They are obliged to lay the foundations of the physical, moral and intellectual development of the child's personality in early childhood.

to educate children of preschool age, the protection and strengthening of their physical and mental health, the development of individual abilities and the necessary correction of violations of these children to help the family there is a network of pre-school educational institutions.

local governments organize and coordinate methodological, diagnostic and advisory assistance to families raising children of preschool age at home.

The Law "On Education" approves the right of children irradiated in all educational institutions, on "respect for their human dignity" (Article 5) and provides for the administrative punishment of pedagogical workers for the admitted physical and mental "violence against the student or pupil" (Art. 56 ).

To help the family and education of children of preschool age, the protection and strengthening of their health, the development of individual characteristics and the necessary correction of developmental violations there is a network of pre-school educational institutions. Dow in its activities is guided by the relevant federal laws, decrees and orders of the President of the Russian Federation, the Model Regulations on the pre-school educational institution and other decisions and orders of the Government of the Russian Federation, decisions of the relevant Education Management Authority.

The "concept of pre-school education" reflects new approaches to cooperation with parents, which are based on the relationship between two systems - dough and family, family community and kindergarten. The essence of this approach is to combine the efforts of preschool institutions and families to develop the personality of both children and adults, taking into account the interests and features of each community members, his rights and responsibilities.

The concept is focused on the next position: "Family and kindergarten, having their special functions, cannot replace each other. An important condition for continuity is to establish trust, business contact between the family and a kindergarten, during which the educational position of the parents and the teacher is adjusted, which is especially necessary when preparing children to school. "

In accordance with the "Concept of Preschool Education", each child has the right to happiness. Family and kindergarten are connected by the form of continuity, which ensures the continuity of education and children's training. However, the preschooler is not a relay, which the family reports to the hands of pedagogues of the children's institution. It is not important to the principle of parallelism, but the principle of interpenetration of two social institutions. A kindergarten should be the center of restructuring of the entire pedagogical policy in the country, the spontaneous prevailing systems of upbringing.

In the order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia of 23.11.2009. No. 655 "On approval and enforcement of federal state requirements for the structure of the main educational program of preschool education" it is noted that the volume of the mandatory part of the main general education program is calculated taking into account the direction of the program, in accordance with the age of pupils, the main directions of their development, the specifics of preschool education and Includes the time allotted by interacting with the families of children to implement the main educational program of pre-school education.

"Typical Regulations on the Preschool Educational Institution" is a subtitle act that determines the activities of all kindergartens in the territory of the Russian Federation. Its main provisions are specified in the regulatory documents of each pre-school institution.

The typical position determines one of the main tasks facing the DOU - "interaction with the family to ensure the full development of the child." Therefore, an active course is necessary for the creation of a single space for the development of a child, both in the DOU and in the family.

The position says: the participants of the educational process of the preschool educational institution are pupils, their parents (legal representatives), pedagogical workers:

when taking children to a preschool educational institution, the latter is required to familiarize parents (legal representatives) with the charter, license to carry out educational activities and other documents regulating the organization of the educational process.

the relations between the preschool educational institution and parents (legal representatives) are governed by the Treaty between them, which cannot limit the laws of the parties established by law.

the relationship of the pupil and personnel of the preschool educational institution is based on cooperation, respect for the personality of the pupil and providing him with the freedom of development in accordance with individual peculiarities

The main tasks of the pre-school educational institution are:

protection of life and strengthen the physical and mental health of pupils;

providing a cognitive-speech, socio-personal, artistic and aesthetic and physical development of pupils;

education, taking into account the age categories of pupils of citizenship, respect for the rights and freedoms of man, love for the surrounding nature, homeland, family;

interaction with families of pupils to ensure the full development of children;

the provision of advisory and methodological assistance to parents (legal representatives) on the issues of education, training and development of children.

In accordance with the law "On Education" and the Model Regulations on the Dow, the charter of the kindergarten presents the rights and obligations of all participants in the educational process: children, teachers, parents.

In the labor contract, as well as in the contract with parents, the conditions for the preservation of the protection of the rights and dignity of the child are negotiated.

preschool Institution Children Education Parent

Conclusion

Family and pre-school institution are two important institutions of the socialization of children. Their educational functions are different, but for the comprehensive development of the child, their interaction needs.

The processes of democratization in the education system, its variability, innovative programs influenced the nature of the interaction of the pre-school educational institution and family.

The rights and dignity of the child, both in the family and in Dow, protects international and Russian legislation.

We note the main legislative documents regulating the unity of family and pre-school public education: the declaration of the rights of the child. UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. Constitution of the Russian Federation. Family Code of the Russian Federation. FZ "On the basic guarantees of the rights of the child in the Russian Federation." Education Act". Ministry of Education and Science of Russia of 11/23/2009. №655 "On approval and implementation of federal state requirements for the structure of the main educational program of pre-school education". Concepts of pre-school education. Typical position about Dow, the charter of DOP and others.

Bibliography

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.Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia of 23.11.2009. №655 "On approval and enforcement of federal state requirements for the structure of the main educational program of preschool education" // Russian newspaper dated 05.03.2010. №46.

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