Abdominal circumference lags behind 2 weeks. Delay in the development of the fetus: how to make a state correction? What exactly analysts a specialist
The fetal abdomen is measured in the second and third screen during the ultrasound: 22 and 32 weeks, respectively. Dates may change slightly, so we will provide the norm of the coast on weeks of pregnancy.
Specialist Uzi will measure the abdominal circumference along the liver, stomach and umbilical veins. Usually here is the largest diameter of the tummy of the fetus.
The stomach circumference is not measured to determine the gestational age of the fetus, this indicator is necessary for evaluation only.
Fetal abdomen
The norms specified in our table are indicative. Permissible deviation + - a couple of weeks. Those., If the fetus is 124mm for 19 weeks, then this is not critical.
Do not hurry to panic if the value you got on ultrasound differs from the norm. To begin with, contact the gynecologist or write to me in the comments: Let's try to figure it out if you just tomorrow and all Valerian in the house already brewing.
In girls, often in the comments are worried during deviations in the third trimester. It was during this period that the kids in the womb grow particularly unevenly. Therefore, if the severity of the tummy is slightly different, there is no reason for the panic at all. If the difference is quite impressive, it is worth repeating an ultrasound in a couple of weeks - in most cases the fruit "lines the indicators."
In the case where the difference in the indicators exceeds the standard standards, the ultrasound in conclusion indicates the delay in the intrauterine development of the fetus (ZVOR). But when this diagnosis is made, the ratio of the coolant is calculated to other indicators (to the circle of the head, the length of the hip, BPR). If the internal organs, and accordingly, the size of the abdomen, small size, and the rest is observed, the doctor indicates that the delay in the development of asymmetric form. If all parts of the body and the fetus organs are less than necessary on the standards, this is a symmetric form of development delay.
If the child begins to lag in development, it is noticeable to the middle or by the end of the second trimester. And in most cases the delay is manifested not just like that. It is a consequence, or placenta, defects of fetal development, etc.
It is often that the baby has a mismatch with norms, there is wines and the most future mother. These are the factors to which a woman can affect (bad habits, poor nutrition, heavy fiz. Loads, caries, STDs, infections) and which cannot (diabetes, chronic heart disease, kidney, lungs, hypertension, obesity, anemia) .
A multiple pregnancy should be considered slightly different. In this case, the lag in the development of one of the children (and sometimes at once) is natural.
The chart below contains indicators of the norms of the American Pregnancy Association and it is tested by the best experts in this area:
Even if you were diagnosed by Zvor Fetal - this does not mean that there is no chance to give birth to a healthy child. It is necessary to start treatment in a timely manner, listen and fulfill all the recommendations of the attending physician and everything will definitely be in order.
Not always the course of pregnancy is characterized by the lack of any complications. Approximately every tenth-fifteenth preparing to become a mother Woman hears the diagnosis - a delay in the development of the fetus, also known as Zvor. What threatens this pathology if it is possible to prevent its development, it is useful to know every woman who plans the birth of a child. After all, almost any girl can face with this phenomenon.
What reasons
Development lag is calculated from the norms that are prescribed for the week to wear a child at the time of the ultrasound. Such a condition is observed against the background of the lack of oxygen fruit, various nutrients necessary for full development and formation.
Among the reasons can be called:
- the pathology of the development of the placenta;
- diseases of women having a chronic character (fluctuations in a large side of blood pressure testimony, violation of the cardiovascular and respiratory system, anemia);
- chromosomal disorders of the fetus (Down syndrome);
- mother addiction to alcohol, narcotic substances, smoking;
- infectious diseases transferred during pregnancy;
- disorders of the food culture, its insufficiency;
- regular stressful situations;
- gynecological problems;
- uncontrolled medication drugs;
- tooling more than one fetus;
- climatic conditions.
Forms ZaVR
Abuse of alcoholic beverages during pregnancy, smoking increases the risk of developing such a type of delay as asymmetric. This means that the ultrasound doctor observes the brain and skeleton developed in terms of timing and skeleton, but the internal organs are lagging behind in their formation. Frequent phenomena are also the lagging in the development of soft chest tissues, abdomen.
The high-quality supply of the fetus with the necessary nutrients has a special meaning in the last periods. It will help to cope with asymmetric delay, will help the child adapt to the new situation after birth.
If there is no adequate treatment, there is a violation of the brain development, reducing the head of the child in the amount, which leads to the intrauterine death of the fetus.
Fetal infection during pregnancy, chromosomal fetal developmental anomalies can serve as a symmetric form of state. It is characterized by the fact that the decrease is observed not only in the internal organs. The fruit is also slightly growing, poorly gaining weight. If you do not accept any decision on time, the child can be born with serious violations of the development of the central nervous system.
What does the state development speak
About the first signs of Zvor gynecologists begin to speak early enough. As a rule, it is 24-26 weeks. Diagnosis can exclusively doctor, but not a woman independently. This is done according to the results of ultrasound.
It is important to remember that there is a risk of incorrect diagnostics. To eliminate the likelihood of an error, the observing doctor, having received the result of the ultrasound, conducts a survey of the future mother and father. The first question - they were born with what weight they were born. However, such a survey makes sense only if the delay in the development of the fetus does not exceed the norm by 2 or more. In other cases, it is suggested that the predisposition was the first-base lag.
In general, the signs of the state are the retreat from the rules adopted in gynecology:
- abdominal circumference;
- standing height of the bottom of the uterus (installed by a doctor during palpation);
- bone sizes of hip, abdomen and head;
- growth (subject to constant monitoring);
- volume of amniotic fluid;
- changes in the functioning of the placenta;
- the speeds with which the blood circulates in the umbilical cord, placenta;
- fetal heart rate frequencies.
Diagnostics
The delay in the intrauterine development of the fetus - the phenomenon is quite complicated. To put the correct diagnosis, doctors use not only the survey method, but also conduct a number of studies:
- measurement using a centimeter tape of the abdomen circle along the navel line, determination by the method of palpation of the standing of the bottom of the uterus;
- Ultrasound helps to establish the form and degree of ZUBR, to estimate the visual state of the placenta;
- dopplerometry - subspecies of ultrasound examined to study the quality of blood flow (uterine-placental, fruit-placental);
- CTG - functional diagnostics establishing as often and how rhythmically beats the heart of the fetus. Also studied the change in heart abbreviations under the influence of various external factors, cuts of the uterus, the movements of the child.
Severity
The delay in the intrauterine development of the fetus, depending on how the state is pronounced, can be attributed to one of three groups:
Treatment and diet
The Medical Program When the ZVOR diagnosis is determined by the degree of gravity of the state. The second, for example, requires mandatory stay in the hospital. With a lagging not exceeding the week, this is usually not required.
Hypotrophy (delay, lag) development of the fetus is treated with a wide range of drugs.
Medicines are selected solely individually after finding out the reasons that caused the pathology of pregnancy. The earlier the therapeutic strategy will be developed and implemented, the higher the likelihood that the woman's body will give a positive reaction.
To reduce the risk of negative influence of medicines and with a minor delay today, the gynecologists use non-drugs.
Recommended required afternoon sleep. Throughout the pregnancy, it should be carefully monitored - it should be a full, saturated protein of animal origin, vitamins. The size of the portion is important - it should not be excessively large.
A satisfactory result of treatment is recognized as a situation when an adequate growth of the child is observed, the backlog is neutralized. If the tactics did not give such results, during the ultrasound research, there is a certain way, doppler indicators are constantly deteriorating, and KTG demonstrates explicit signs of a lack of supply of oxygen, the doctors make a decision on early delivery.
Prevention
In order for during pregnancy, there were no situations similar to the hypotrophy of the fetus, the future motherhood should be planned. Abortions, for example, injure the gentle surface of the uterus. This subsequently increases the risk of uterine-placental blood circulation.
Even in the absence of predisposition to Zur, the reception of multivitamin drugs is shown.
Preventive measures can also be attributed:
- reducing psycho-emotional, physical exertion;
- timely appeal to women's consultation for registration.
The consequences of hypotrophy
Development hypotrophy syndrome can have different impact on the fruit. The consequences, respectively, are also different. As a rule, such children after their appearance are faced with a large number of health problems. Conditionally, they are combined into two groups.
Infant age:
- disorders of the neurological plan, asphyxia, hypoxia;
- increased excitability;
- impaired muscle tone;
- disruption of appetite;
- weak weight set;
- the backlog of psychomotor development;
- weak ability (or its complete absence) to maintain the body temperature;
- increased sensitivity to infections.
Pulling period:
- diabetes;
- excess body weight;
- high arterial pressure.
Adult lifetime:
- violation of the cardiovascular system;
- obesity;
- insulin-dependent form of diabetes.
It should be noted that, subject to timely diagnosis of ZVOR, successful treatment and a slight severity, many children with such a diagnosis are quickly catching up in the development of their peers. By one and a half or two years, they do not differ in any external parameters. Sometimes, due to violations, children can more often be sick, have problems with preferably, concentration of attention. Level these risks are called medical rehabilitation, full, high-quality food.
The delay in the development of the fetus is the intrauterine lag of the physical development of the fetus.
Such kids are very often called "attic". In 30% of cases, they are born as a result of premature genera (up to 37 weeks of gestation) and only in 5% of cases with a dead pregnancy (in 38-41 weeks).
Two basic forms of delay of the intrauterine development of the fetus (abbreviated ZVARP) are distinguished: symmetric and asymmetric. What do they differ from each other?
If the fetus has a shortage of body weight, it lags behind the length of growth and in the circumference of the head from the necessary normal indicators for this gestational period, then they are diagnosed with a symmetric form of ZVLP.
The asymmetric form of ZVLP is observed in cases where the fetus, despite the shortage of body weight, there is no lag behind normal growth length and head circumference. The asymmetric form of ZVLP occurs more often than symmetrical.
Also allocate three severity of ZVLP:
I degree - lag of the fetus for 2 weeks;
II degree - lag for 2-4 weeks;
III degree - lag development of the fetus of more than 4 weeks.
What reasons can lead to the development of ZVLP?
If we talk about a symmetric ZVB, then, as a rule, it arises due to chromosomal anomalies of the fetus, genetic disorders of the exchange, pituitary gland and pituitary nanion. An important role is also played by viral infections (rubella, herpes, toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus).
The asymmetric form of ZVARP is due to the pathologies of the placenta in the third trimester of pregnancy, or rather, fetoplasative failure (abbreviated FPN). FPN is a pathology at which the placenta cannot fully supply the fruit with nutrients, which are circulated in the blood of the mother. As a result, FPN may cause hypoxia of the fetus, that is, oxygen starvation.
FPN may arise as a result: late gestosis, anomalies for the development of umbilical umbilicals, multiple pregnancies, the presence of the placenta, the defeat of the placenta vessels.
Provice ZVARP of any form can adverse external factors - the reception of drugs, the effects of ionizing radiation, smoking, alcohol consumption and drugs. Also, the risk of ZVLP increases in the presence of abortion as anamnesis.
In many cases, the true cause of ZVRP is never able to install.
Symptoms of the delay of growth and development of the fetus
Unfortunately, the symptoms of ZVARP are quite erased. Similarly, a similar diagnosis is unlikely to be pregnant. Only regular observation of the obstetrician-gynecologist throughout the pregnancy helps to diagnose and cure ZVARP.
The view is widespread that if the pregnant woman adds little in weight during pregnancy, then most likely the fruit is small. Partly this is true. However, this does not always correspond to the truth. Of course, if a woman restricts food consumption up to 1500 calories per day and is fond of diets, it can lead to ZVLP. But ZVLP is also found among pregnant women who, on the contrary, there is too much gain in weight. Therefore, this feature is not credible.
With a pronounced ZVARP, a future mother can alert more rare and sluggish than usual, moving fetus. This is a reason for emergency appeal to the gynecologist.
Examination at the fetal gauge
When examining a pregnant woman with ZVRP, a doctor can be alerting a discrepancy between the bottom of the uterus, with the standards of this period of pregnancy, that is, the uterus in size will be slightly less than normal sizes.
The most reliable method for the diagnosis of ZVLP is an ultrasound study of the fetus, during which the ultrasound doctor measures the fetal head circumference, the circumference of the abdomen, the hips, an estimated mass of the fetus. In addition, with the help of ultrasound, it is possible to determine how the internal organs of the fetus function.
In suspected of ZVARP, a dopplerometric study (a type of ultrasound) is carried out to assess blood flow in the vessels of the fetus and placenta.
An important study method is cardiotokography (CTG) of the fetus, which also allows you to suspect ZVRP. Using KTG, the heartbeat is registered. Normally, the palpitations of the fetus ranges from 120 to 160 shots per minute. If the fruit lacks the oxygen, the heartbeat is readier or penetrated.
Regardless of the term of pregnancy and the severity of the disease - ZVLP must be treated in any case to maintain the vital functions of the fetus. In some cases, if there is a slight lag of the fetus from the norm (approximately 1-2 week, according to the ultrasound), then this should be considered as an option of the norm or as a "tendency to SPRP". In this case, dynamic observation is carried out.
Treatment in the delay of growth and intrauterine development of the fetus
For the treatment of ZVARP in obstetrics, a large arsenal of medical preparations is used, which improve the uterine-placental blood flow.
These include:
Tocolithic preparations that promote uterine relaxation: beta adrethomimetics (Ginipral, Salbutamol), spasmolytics (papaverin, but-shp);
- infusion therapy with the purpose of glucose, blood substitution solutions to reduce blood viscosity;
- preparations for improving microcirculation and metabolism in tissues (Actovegin, Kuraltil);
- Vitaminotherapy (Magne B6, vitamins C and E).
Preparations are prescribed for a long period with careful control of KTG for the state of the fetus.
Power supply to pregnant with ZVARP must be balanced. Food should contain proteins, fats and carbohydrates. No need to "lean" on certain products. You can eat everything. It is especially not necessary to neglect meat and dairy products, since it is precisely the largest number of animal proteins, the need for 50% increases by the end of pregnancy.
However, do not forget that the main goal of the treatment of ZVLP is not "fattening" the child, but to ensure that it is normal growth and development. Therefore, there is no need for overeating.
Pregnant women recommend everyday hiking in the fresh air, emotional peace. Traditionally it is believed that afternoon sleep (if there is a desire, of course) has a beneficial effect on the physical condition of the fetus and mother.
A hyperbaric oxygenation (inhalation of air enriched with oxygen) and medical ozone are used from non-drug treatment methods of ZVLP.
Relevant is the question of a delivery in the presence of ZVARP. In each case, it must be solved individually, based on the state of the fetus according to the ultrasound and CTG, as well as on the state of the mother's health. If there is no confidence that a weakened child will be able to be born independently, then preference is given to Cesarean section. In severe cases, the operation is performed in an emergency.
Complications of ZVLP:
Intrauterine fetal death;
- hypoxia (oxygen starvation) of the fetus;
- Anomalies for the development of the fetus.
Prevention of ZVARP:
Healthy lifestyle, rejection of bad habits to planned pregnancy;
- abortion failure;
- Timely examination and treatment of infectious diseases in the gynecologist to the planned pregnancy.
Consultation of the doctor of obstetrician-gynecologist on the topic Delay of the growth of the fetus:
1. According to the ultrasound of the placenta, too small, but growth, the weight of the fetus and the head circumference correspond to the norm. The doctor said I had FPN. Is it so?
Not. Only on the basis of the sizes of the placenta, this diagnosis does not put.
2. Is it possible to cure ZVARP, if there is a lot?
If only ZVLP is not related to chronic malnutrition. In other cases, balanced nutrition should be in a complex treatment complex.
3. Does the power of the fetus depend on the mother's weight?
Partly, the weight of the fetus depends on many factors, including from the weight of the mother.
4. If parents of small growth and weight, then the child should be small?
Most likely, and this is the norm. Diagnosis of ZVL in such cases do not put.
5. I was given an ultrasound diagnosis of "fetal hypotrophy". What does it mean?
The hypotrophy of the fetus and ZVRP means the same thing - the lag in the development of the fetus.
6. Does it be necessary to go to the hospital in the presence of ZVRP?
This must solve your obstetrician gynecologist based on the ultrasound and CTG data in the dynamics. Under ZVARP I degree, if there are no signs of hypoxia of the fetus, there is no need for hospitalization. Under ZVARP II or III degree, hospitalization is obligatory.
7. I have 35 weeks of pregnancy, but when inspecting the height of the bottom of the uterus corresponds to 32 weeks. What is it? ZVRP?
Small errors are possible when measuring the height doctor of the uterus. If, when ultrasound and ktg deviations are not detected, it means everything is in order.
8. On the last ultrasound, I was told that the fetus the abdominal circumference lags behind for 3 weeks from the prescribed period, but all other indicators are normal. Is it ZVRP? Need to be treated?
Most likely, this is an individual fetal feature if the remaining parameters within the normal range. If during Dopplerometry and KTG deviations are also not detected, then ZVLP is not and there is no need for treatment.
9. What is the test "count to 10", which is recommended for ZVRP?
Test "Consider up to 10" is a test to assess the movements of the fetus. It is recommended to all pregnant women from 28-30 weeks, and in ZVARP, it is especially relevant. A woman is necessary in the interval from 9:00 am to 21:00 in the evening every day to consider the fetal movements. Normally, there must be 10 or more. If they are less than - it indicates the oxygen starvation of the kid.
10. According to the ultrasound, the child lags behind the parameters for 2 weeks. CTG and Dopplerometry are normal. Need to be treated?
A small lag of the fetal parameters for 1-2 week is also normal. You need to look in the dynamics.
Obstetrician gynecologist, Ph.D. Christina Frambos.
Ultrasound at 25 weeks 6 days neck of the uterus 28mm. Baby weight 702 gr. BPR 62mm. Co., 184mm. (23-24 weeks) OG 227mm. DB 48mm. The period of Gest 25Ned6DN. RMP correspondent 24-25 weeks. Diagnosis: "Minor fruit by gestation". And in 20-21 week, the cervix was 41mm.
In your case, there is a risk of developing premature birth.
38 weeks of pregnancy, went on an ultrasound with Doppler, diagnosed: ZVOR 1 degree asymmetric form. I would like to know if it is dangerous for the baby, if you do not go to the hospital?
The fetus is an asymmetric delay in growth and development of 1 tbsp. It has not only weighted indicators, but also adaptation mechanisms. In this regard, there is a need for a dynamic assessment of the state of the fetus.
Pregnancy 29 weeks 2 days. Ultrasound 28 weeks 3 days (BPR-72, LZR-96, OKRG-267, OKRZHIV-245, DB-52, shoulder-49). Marten 1 delay and want to put in the hospital. On the ultrasound of 20 weeks everything corresponds to the term. I went back on ultrasound at 26 weeks 1 day at your own request 4D, I wanted to have a photo. It turned out that the fruit is developed for 25 weeks of 3 days. That is, in dynamics, the fruit rose in 3 weeks just for 3 weeks. Maturity placenta 0, thickness 29. Is my hospitalization of premature? Can this delay on 6 days be a feature?
Indeed, the size of the fetus can be within the individual oscillations. This is taken into account when conducting an ultrasound. If the development delay was put up - the doctors had reason to the doctors. As for hospitalization, this is just your decision.
On the second screening, the following fetheometry indicators: BPR 46 mm, OG 152mm, cerebellum 18.7 mm, coolant 117 mm, femur bone 26 mm, shoulder bone 26.9 mm, weight 209 gr., HebS 147 UD. / Min. The degree of maturity of the placenta 0, Doppler is normal. The doctor insisted on the belt ultrasound in a week and that's what happened: BPR 43 mm, og 161 mm, cerebellum 20 mm, coolant 127 mm, femoral bone 28 mm, shoulder bone 28 mm, weight 242 gr., CSS 145 Ud / min. The degree of maturity of the placenta 0, Doppler is normal. What does it say about? What to do?
Do not do anything. The doctor wanted to assess the growth rate of the fetus in the dynamics. The dimensions correspond to the period of pregnancy and are within the limits of individual oscillations.
I am 32 years. First pregnancy 28 weeks 3 days. Doctor on receptions do not like the doctor that the fruit is too small. Made ultrasound - placenta 2 stage of maturity, calcentates and multiple anechogenic sections up to 14 mm with extended vessels and MWP. Will be questioned asymmetric ZVLP 1st. BPD 72mm. LZR 94mm. OG 268. OH 229. Length of the bone of 46 mm. Long shoulder 43 mm. In size, only the head corresponds to the deadline, and the rest is 2 weeks. I suffer to active genital herpes before and during pregnancy. The baby began to act less actively. On 26 weeks passed the course of immunoglobulin. The ultrasound of the ultrasound did a month ago, there was also a difference but in 1.5 weeks and Doppler norm. What it threatens the baby. Very worried. Scares that proportionally head and body, the baby is long-awaited.
In your case, there is a clear tendency to develop a delay in the development of the fetus against the background of an existing herpetic infection. Dynamic observation of the state of the fetus on the ultrasound (fetus growth rates, the correspondence of their pregnancy, the state of the placenta, oily water, dopplerometry to assess blood supply, after 34 weeks -cardiotocography) and evaluation of the fetal motels.
21 weeks of pregnancy. According to the results of screening the child behind the week. Put 21 weeks, and a child for 20 weeks! BPD 46.1; LZR 64.4; OG 181; Coolant 154.2; DB 30.4; Weight 331 grams. Tell me, is everything all right?
If there is a lag at fetometry for a week, it is necessary to calculate the period of pregnancy in all respects: on menstruation, by conception, 1 ultrasound in a small period, anthropometric features of the fetus. The fluctuations in 1 week on time are most often associated with late ovulation or other physiological features, if there were no infection during pregnancy or other pathologies. Consult your attending physician or contact me to the center on Red Presnya. Phone of the Unified Call Center: 8-495-636-29-46.
Pregnancy 31-32 weeks. The ultrasound put 30 weeks of pregnancy: head size 76, head circle 274, abdominal circumference 82, femoral length 58, placenta is located in the bottom, degree of maturity 1-2, NPC 1A degree. What is it? Why is there a discrepancy in pregnancy?
The term of pregnancy in the 3 trimester is no longer recalculated. It is considered from the first day of the last menstruation and in your case amounted to 31-32 weeks. The sizes of the baby can vary within 1.5-2 weeks, which may be a constitutional feature of your baby. NPC 1A means that there are changes in blood flow in one or both uterine arteries. This condition is not critical, but deserves increased attention from your obstetrician-gynecologist. Given the change in blood flow, it is advisable to see the growth rates of the fetus in a dynamics (at least 10-14 days) to exclude the delay in the development of the fetus.
Pregnancy 32 weeks. Time for a month 32 weeks and 5 days. Made an ultrasound: BPD 85mm; OG 307 mm; Coolant 27 mm; DBK 63 mm; The weight of the fetus is 1 907 grams. Do these indicators correspond to the norm?
Head sizes correspond to a period of 34-35 weeks, legs - 32-33 weeks, which is the norm for the period of 32-33 weeks. The dimensions of the tummy correspond to a period of 30-31 weeks, which may be a constitutional feature or be an initial sign of growth delay. It is advisable to estimate the growth rate of the baby in the dynamics, after 10-14 days.
22-23 weeks of pregnancy, diagnosed SPR, the backlog of 1.2 weeks asmetry. With the first child there was no such. This is normal? Is it going?
In such limits, this may be a variant of the norm. Dynamic observation is necessary - there will be a lag to progress or not. Depending on this there will be a forecast.
19 weeks of pregnancy, there were two ultrasound, all indicators correspond to the term, except for BPR - 37 (17 weeks). A week later, re-ultrasound. Is it normal?
The correspondence of the sizes of the head is estimated primarily on the basis of an indicator of the head of the head (OG), since the value of the BPD can vary significantly depending on the shape of the head - more elongated or more round. If this indicator also corresponded, there are no reasons for concern.
20 weeks and 4 days of pregnancy, on ultrasound of 2 trimester: BPR 45mm, og 165 mm, 2 mM, DPD 28 mm, dBK 27 mm, cerebellum 18.6 mm (corresponds to 18 week 2 days), mass of fetal 274 grams. The fetus sizes correspond to 19 weeks. According to this data, it turns out that the child is lagging behind in development? How can it threaten?
The sizes of the cerebellum (for 18-19 weeks) are comparable to the sizes of the baby (19 weeks) and do not go beyond the permissible oscillations. It is possible to talk about development delay only after assessing the correspondence of the sizes of the kid's term of pregnancy (lagged, corresponded or outpathed) during 1 screening (11-14 weeks). In this you can help your obstetrician gynecologist.
26 weeks of pregnancy, and in the uterus - 24 cm, the doctor says that the child does not develop. Is it true?
The main indicator of the development of the kid is its sizes on the ultrasound. If the dimensions correspond to the period of pregnancy, then it is not worth worrying.
26 weeks and 6 days of pregnancy, diagnosis - SZRP and moderate lowland, fetometry: BPR 56 mm, OG 21 mm, NO 184mm, DBK 42 mm, DPK 41 mm, for 23-24 weeks, weight 540 grams. Now is the term 31-32 weeks of pregnancy - the same picture, the fruit is behind, in size 28-29 weeks, weight 1010 gr., Belly for such a long time, I am high and very thin, dad too. Can this be a feature of a child, not pathology? Very worried, the doctor sends to the hospital. What to do?
In the third trimester, the deviations in the sizes of the baby associated with the constitutional peculiarities of the parents are 1.5-2 weeks. In your case, the baby is lagging behind in size for 3-4 weeks, which goes beyond the permissible indicators. Most often, the delay in the development of the fetus (SZRP) is associated with fetoplacentage insufficiency, which also identifies the lowland and impaired uterine-fruit and placental blood flow. In this case, it is possible to conduct therapy aimed at "feeding" of your baby. However, there are defects and chromosomal disorders that can also lead to SZRP, but are not treated. It is advisable to make an expert ultrasound to eliminate disorders of the development and markers of chromosomal pathology and to listen to the advice of a doctor about the need for inpatient treatment.
37.4 weeks of pregnancy. BPR 86 mm, LZR 107.5 mm, OG 308 mm, coolant 290.4 mm, dB 67.5 mm, DP 57.9 mm, weight 2200, CSS 130 beats per minute, Doppleretia is normal. Conclusion: SZRP 2 degree of symmetric form. The results of the CTG is normal, treatment has been treated in hospital. Is sure that the symmetric form of SZRP, and not asymmetrical? And is it possible to extend the pregnancy with such a fetus to 40 weeks and give birth to naturally? I'm 28 years old.
If you doubt the correctness of the doctor of ultrasound diagnostics, make an expert ultrasound. The extension of pregnancy up to 40 weeks is theoretically possible, but the decision is made on the basis of an assessment of the state of the fetus in the dynamics. Depending on this, the question is solved about the method of delivery.
36.1 Weeks of pregnancy, on ultrasound: Brg 94mm (39-40 weeks), LZR 111mm (35-36 weeks), Co., 92mm (34 weeks), DBK71mm (37-38 weeks), DKG 60 mm (37-38 weeks), DPK 61mm (37 weeks), DP 51mm (37 weekly). CONCLUSION: 37-38 weeks, transverse 1 degree, asymmetric form. What does all this mean? What are the chances to give birth to a healthy kid? These parameters talk about genetic deviations or that the fruit is small? I am 26.
The rovp is deciphered as an intrauterine delay in the development of the fetus and means that the baby lags behind fetometric indicators from the regulatory values \u200b\u200bfor this period. If the size of the tummy is lagging behind, or the abdomen's circumference lags behind more than other parameters, they say the asymmetric form of the rov. The longer the term in which the baby develops a prospide, the greater the chances for the successful completion of pregnancy. In order to estimate whether the presence of genetic deviations is associated with or is the result of the disturbed function of the placenta, you can conduct an expert ultrasound with Doppler.
The last month was June 28th. At the time of the second screening, the term was 19.1 weeks of pregnancy, but on the ultrasound put - 18.3. Pathologies have not been detected and all parts of the body are proportional to each other with what it can be connected?
The discrepancy with the menstrual period of pregnancy can be with an irregular menstrual cycle or at the late ovulation. If you have passed a high-quality ultrasonic study in the first trimester, then you can compare the data. In any case, it is advisable to re-ultrasound a study in 20-22 weeks of pregnancy.
29 weeks of pregnancy, according to the results of the ultrasound and Doppler, a diagnosis of FPN 1A SZRP 1 degree (the baby lags behind 1.5 weeks in the size of the tummy). The thickness of the placenta is 37 mm, the degree of maturity is 1-2, the number of accumulate waters is normal. The doctor appointed Actovegin, Essence Forte, Kuraltil. How dangerous is the state of the placenta? Such treatment contributes to the baby weight set?
You do not cite DPPLelectry data, so it is impossible to estimate the function of the placenta. The milling and the degree of maturity of the placenta are of secondary importance, compared with the parameters of blood flow. ).
Pregnancy second, childbirth first. By screening at 12 and 21 week there was a difference with an obstetric period of about 1.5 weeks, but the development delay was not put. To the third screening at 31 week, the situation was aligned and the daughter corresponded to the term. On a period of 34.5 weeks, it fell on the preservation and revealed Zvorp 1 degree, the child corresponded to 32-33 weeks. After 10 days, I was on re-ultrasound, my daughter has grown, but the development put OG 31-32 weeks, the NEG 33-34 weeks, the thigh is 32-33 weeks, weight 2130. At the same time they say not worrying, only observation every 10-14 days. What should I do and what threatens such a lag? I'm 25.
Control the situation on ultrasound with Dopplerometry and KTG must, at least once every two weeks (14 days), drugs must appoint an obstetrician gynecologist.
11.5 weeks of pregnancy on ultrasound, by date of menstruation - 11.3, Chorion's thickness 15 mm, CTP 49.6, BPD 14.6, TWZ 1.9, nose and yolk bag are not visualized. Concerned about the indicator of the BPD, is not strongly deviated from the norm?
BPD indicator under admissible limits. Given that the nasal bone is not visualized, it is advisable to repeat the ultrasound to 14 weeks of pregnancy.
32-33 weeks of pregnancy, on ultrasound: 29-30 weeks, weight 1217, Development Delay put from 20 weeks. Doctors say that the child is small, accept Actovegin and Kuraltil, pelvic preview. I worry very much, will the child get to the rest of the week?
You get the right treatment aimed at improving the uterine-placental blood flow.
37 weeks of pregnancy, biparital head size 88 (35 weeks), head circle 303 (31-32 weeks), abdominal circle 278 (31-32 weeks), femoral length 65 (34 weeks), alleged weight 2058. The biggest concern causes a placenta: 37 mm, 1-2 degree of maturity, moderate lowland, amniotic index 9.5 cm. Now put in the maternity hospital, into pathology. Does it really need to be artificially called birth and do you really have the opportunity to lose a child or can you just calmly wait for normal childbirth?
If, according to the earliest ultrasound, you have 37 weeks of pregnancy, we are talking about placental insufficiency, delayed fetal growth. The baby suffers greatly. Without timely delivery, he may die.
Pregnancy 22 weeks. According to the ultrasound, the thickness of the placenta 4.7cm, on the fruit surface, the swelling, the amount of water is normal, with the level of suspension, intestines: the straight intestines are expanded to 9 mm atresia anus, kidneys: the pelvis in the right kidney is expanded to 4.8 mm. The size of the fetus corresponds to the 22nd week. What to do? I am 23 years old.
Given the term of pregnancy, the only thing that remains is to wait for childbirth and bring the child later to inspect the genetics.
20-21 weeks of pregnancy, conclusion of ultrasound: the hyperheogenic intestine of the fetus and the thickening of the placenta uneven (36-56 mm). The child behind the sizes of the body behind the body. How dangerous can it be? I am 26.
We are talking about the intrauterine suffering of the fetus. Why he suffers, it is necessary to find out. You should pass a comprehensive examination. Only after that it will be possible to assign adequate treatment.
First pregnancy, 29 weeks and 4 days. Ultrasound: BPR - 74 mm, LZR - 90 mm, og - 263 mm, coolant - 223 mm, DP - 48 mm, length of forearm - 45 mm, the length of the hip is 52 mm, the larger length is 49 mm. CONCLUSION: Signs of rovs asymmetric form, previously ripening placenta - 1 degree, placenta thickness - 36 mm, cystic inclusion, single calcinates. Moderate lowland. How critical is the situation in this case? I am 26.
It seems indeed, there is placental insufficiency and the lag of the fetus in growth. To clarify the situation, repeat the ultrasound after 2 weeks against the background of adequate treatment.
The term of pregnancy is 30 - 31 weeks. Conclusion Ultrasound: Fetal delay 1 degree. Weight 1250, BPR - 81, coolant - 243, shoulder - 49, thigh - 53. The thickness of the placenta - 28, the degree of development 1. Is it dangerous? What to do?
The degree of risk can be clarified only at a dynamic ultrasound. Your attending physician must appoint you the treatment of the placenta.
The last period was August 29, believed that the term of pregnancy was on February 20 - the 24th week of pregnancy. The abdomen circle was 88 cm on January 12, and the standing height of the bottom of the uterus was 18. Next, the abdominal circle decreased by 2 cm and did not change. On February 20, the abdominal circumference is 86 cm, and the standing height of the bottom of the uterus is 22 cm. It seems that the table standing the bottom of the bottom for weeks is compiled according to the obstetric period, then the lag is obtained according to this indicator. Heart listens to the Doppler from 150 to 146. According to the ultrasound of January 21, the fruit corresponded to a period of 20-21 weeks of pregnancy. Can this be a delay in development?
To clarify the state of the fetus, it is worth repeating ultrasound.
From the 20s weeks began to notice the backlog on the ultrasound in the tubular bones, first the lag was small (1-2 weeks), but now increased (7-8 weeks), there are 35 weeks, a multi-way appeared. Doctors say that the entire bone system is amazed, but the internal organs are all normal, is it possible to give birth to a living child (the chest already norms), what is the diagnosis and the possibility of its treatment?
Most likely, the hereditary skeleton disease occurs. Diagnosis and forecast can be defined only after birth.
I have 31 first week of pregnancy. Ultrasound at 12 and 20 weeks no vices found. And at 31 weeks saw the extension of the colon. Allegedly put the diagnosis of "Atresia Anus" in question, but at the same time the anus seems to be seen. Recommended ultrasound at 34 weeks. If this diagnosis is confirmed, how serious is it?
If the baby, indeed, the Atresia anus, it will need surgical treatment immediately after the delivery. It is necessary to discuss in advance with the doctors in the maternity hospital, where you plan to give birth to the possibility of an emergency transportation of the baby in a surgical hospital.
I have a first blood band negative, my husband has a second, positive. At the first weeks of pregnancy, Stopatssin, Egoriferon and Rinonorm took. In 10-11 weeks there was stress. At 12 weeks in the perinatal center on the ultrasound and on the analysis of the blood, no deviations of the fetus were found. On the ultrasound in 21-22 weeks, they diagnosed - cleft the upper lip of the fetus. What could be the cause of such a diagnosis? Perhaps a fight on this term? Two years ago there was a pregnancy, it took place easily, the birth went well - no complaints.
The cleft of the nose is as hereditary and not hereditary. For one occasion in the family it is difficult to say. The medication you receive do not affect this. The battle will not happen, but the defect is easy to eliminate surgical way. After the birth of the child, it is advisable to show genetics.
- Essence of the procedure
- Norms and deviations
- Description of the main indicators
- I trimester
- II trimester
- III trimester
At various stages of pregnancy, fetometry is regularly carried out - this is determining the size of the fetus by an ultrasound. The data obtained during the survey has been subjected to statistical analysis for many years, and on their basis, a table with indicators of the norm on weeks was drawn up.
It is the main parameter for a more accurate determination of the term and allows us to find out whether there is no deviation in the intrauterine development of any deviations. Knowing what it is, young parents themselves can make sure that everything is in order for an ultrasound study.
Essence of the procedure
Most often an ultrasonic fetometry is carried out or a transvaginal sensor, or traditionally through the belly. In the first case, there is no preparation from a woman. Classic ultrasound will show more accurate results if in the early time an hour before the procedure to drink 500 ml of water and do not empty the bladder. Filled, it will help improve visibility in the uterus. After 12 weeks it is no longer required, since this function will be performed by spindle water.
The procedure is familiar to all: a special gel is applied on the stomach, and everything that happens intumetically is displayed on the computer monitor. Modern programs allow you to automatically produce fruit measurements, and the doctor already compares them with a common table standards for weeks. This allows you to clarify the term of pregnancy and timely identify pathology in the development of the fetus.
Why is the so called? The term "fetometry" goes back to the Latin Word "Fetus" (translated as "offspring") and the Greek "Metreo" (it means to "measure, define").
Norms and deviations
Parents are useful to know what is the norm, according to the table of fetometry, and when they talk about pathological deviations. After seeing a minor divergence of true dimensions with official indicators, many begin to panic and make the wrong conclusions that in most cases it turns out completely in vain.
- the fetus data fully corresponds to the sizes in the table;
- they lag behind or ahead of them less than 2 weeks (this term is admissible for individual characteristics);
- the indicators are not on the same line, but the groza, but this difference is not more than 1 lines: these discrepancies are permissible due to the hopping intrauterine development of the fetus.
Everything else belongs to cases of deviations. It is especially dangerous when the fetal fetterium already shows that one and the same size is greater than or less than the norm on 2 or even more lines.
For example, the growing circle of the head may indicate hydrocephalus, but to confirm the diagnosis, additional data obtained during Dopplerometry and CTGs and the observation in dynamics will be needed.
For comparison. If all the dimensions of the fetus "fit" to the norm specified in the Fetometry table, except, for example, the length of the hip, this is still not an indicator of pathology. Perhaps parents or other relatives of the child are just possessors of very long (or, on the contrary, too short) legs.
If there are deviations, such serious diagnoses such as the "delay of intrauterine development", "hypotrophy" are confirmed by two doctors: not only an obstetrician-gynecologist, but also a medical genetic. They estimate the genetic predisposition of the fetus and determine the causes of the detected pathology (chromosomal anomalies, bad habits, the age of parents, intrauterine infection, etc.).
It is very important that the decoding of the obtained indicators was primarily an obstetrician-gynecologist: an ultrasound specialist only provides him with a consolidated statement, where it is indicated which dimensions and how different from the norm of fetometry for this period of pregnancy. What exactly are the parameters taken into account during the screenings?
Description of the main indicators
To figure out what kind of fetal fetter data for weeks are contained in the tables, you need to know the conventions of these parameters and their decoding.
- BPR - biparity size, the distance between the dark bones, describes the development of the nervous system.
- DB - the length of the hip.
- DG - lower leg length.
- DN - length of the nasal bone.
- DP - length of the shoulder.
- CRT - Copchiko-parmer size.
- Lzr - Lobno-occipital size.
- OG is a head circumference.
- OG (DGK) is the volume of the chest (the diameter of the chest).
- OH - abdominal circumference.
- PJ - transverse abdominal diameter.
- Py is a fruit egg where the child develops.
- SJ - the sagittal diameter of the abdomen (measured in the front-rear direction).
- TVP - thickness of the collar space.
Such is the decoding of the indicators that are most often indicated in the table of fetometry. It can also include the lengths of other bones - more and small-tech, elbow, radiation, as well as the feet. But they no longer have such importance to identify pathologies - are used for comparison only as additional information.
Among other things, it is possible to calculate the weight of the fetus of fetometry carried out after 20 weeks of pregnancy. All calculations are made automatically by the ultrasound apparatus itself on the basis of the term, BPR, LZR, OH, DB and OG. They give very accurate results and allow them to compare them on a table with norms.
I trimester
The first fetometry is assigned to 12-13 weeks. Her goal is to identify the malformations of the fetus in the early periods of pregnancy.
This ultrasonic screening does not define a specific disease, but only indicates markers typical of it. Based on the results obtained, additional research can be appointed. All suspected suspicions are confirmed or refuted by invasive laboratory techniques.
Some fetometry indicators can be refined. For example, experts use during the first screening table of medium values \u200b\u200bof the CTR, since this size is very important to identify deviations in the intrauterine development of the fetus.
For options, the norms of the doctors include an increase in the CTR for 1-2 weeks. If pregnancy is not complicated by diabetes mellitus of mother and rhesv conflict, this may mean that the baby will be born a real warring and its weight will be more than 4 kg, and this in some cases may be a testimony for cesarean sections.
Here are such important data gives the first fetometry specialists.
About timing. The first ultrasonic screening is carried out precisely during this period due to the indicator of the TVP. Up to 11 weeks, he is so small that it cannot be measured. And after 14 weeks, this space is filled with lymph, which distorts the results of the study. It is this parameter that is the marker of most chromosomal deviations of the fetus.
II trimester
The time frame of the second ultrasonic fetometry should be laid in the following dates:
- no earlier than 16 weeks;
- no later than 20;
- the most optimal option is 17 weeks, which, when detecting deviations, will allow to pass more accurate additional genetic surveys;
- sometimes the ultrasound is carried out for 21-22 weeks, but this is the most extreme and undesirable time frame.
The first ultrasound screening gives the most accurate results, but often even their not enough to accuracy the diagnosis. To do this, many indicators need to be seen in the dynamics. Here is it just demonstrate the data of the second fetometry.
It performs the following tasks:
- identify vices that cannot be defined in the first trimester;
- confirm / refute the diagnosis pre-vested according to the results of the first screening;
- determine the level of risk of suspected fetal pathologies;
- detect deviations in the formation of a small organism.
Trimester II fetometry is assigned only to those women who, according to the results of the first ultrasound, hit the risk group.
Approximate norms of ultrasound on this period of pregnancy are presented in the following tables.
Height Weight
Surrounding abdomen
Circle head
Shin length
Length Hip.
Length of the shoulder bone
Bone Length forearch
If for some reason, the deadlines of the second fetometry were shifted, you can use a table with the average indicators from 21 to 27 weeks:
After examining the data of the second fetometry, the gynecologist can send a woman to a consultation to genetics or independently assign invasive techniques to diagnose suspects of pathologies. In cases where the diagnosis is still confirmed, a decision is made on the further fate of pregnancy.
If therapeutic adjustment is impossible, artificial calling is carried out (about artificial gods, read in our article). If the detected pathology is reversible, treatment is prescribed as quickly as possible to save the baby.
III trimester
The third fetometry can be assigned to any day of the III trimester of pregnancy. The optimal period is 32-33 weeks. Since at this stage it is nearing childbirth, the ultrasound is carried out more carefully than before.
For example, the baby's face is already looking perfectly, which makes it possible to determine such pathologies like wolf mouth or holy lip. The doctor finds out how far the fruit is developed in accordance with the term of pregnancy.
It is usually not recommended to conduct such studies later than 34 weeks. However, there are cases when they are prescribed immediately before the kindresses (in 37-38 weeks) to make the final decision on the cesarean section or the natural birth of the baby.
Table of average values \u200b\u200bof the third fethetometry of the fetus for weeks
If there are deviations at this stage, the woman is offered hospitalization. With the negative dynamics of the obtained testimony, doctors may decide to stimulate premature labor.
Helpful information. Everyone around (women, and often doctors themselves) love to talk about the importance of the first two fetometry and the optional third. But only it allows you to make a right decision on how to carry out upcoming birth with minimal losses for mom and baby.
Information from the fetal fetal tables is familiarized. It is not recommended to make parents to make some independent conclusions, comparing the results obtained with norms, because they do not always reflect validity and require mandatory deciphering specialists.
»Pregnancy for weeks
Circle of the abdomen of the fetus for weeks
The fetus abdomen circle is one of the important measurements of the ultrasound during pregnancy, which, ideally, should be monitored every week.
How does the fetus abdomen be measured and what is its average indicators
The stomach circumference (hereinafter referred to as the coat) is measured in the plane, where the stomach is visible, a bubble vein, a gallbladder. The table located below shows the average rates of coolant corresponding to each week of development. However, it should be remembered that these figures are only averaged data, each child they may differ.
Table of values \u200b\u200bof the main fetal fetas for weeks
OK. - fetal abdomen Og - Head circumference BPD - Bipariant head size (distance between temporal bones) DB - Length of the hip
How to measure the measurement of the abdomen of the abdomen for weeks to identify the anomalies for the development of the fetus
If the index of the abdomen of the fetus lags behind the standard sizes for 2 or more weeks, doctors can put the child a diagnosis of "syndrome of intrauterine development delay" (ZVOR, hypotrophy). When this diagnosis is raised, the parameter itself is estimated, and the relationship: OG / OH, BPR / OH and DB / OH, etc. The first signs of the syndrome can be seen already in 24-26 weeks. Usually at this time the doctor reveals the symmetric form of hypotrophy when the baby lags behind the norm on all industrial. This type of syndrome is rare. More often an asymmetric form of delay in the development of the fetus. At the same time, the head and the skeleton of the baby grow normally, and the internal organs are reduced. In other words, the circle of the head, the bipariental size and the thigh length correspond to the timing of pregnancy, and the fetal abdomen circle is reduced. In this case, the ratio / coolant, BPD / OH and DB / OH will be below the norm. But only a doctor can put the final diagnosis..
Fetal Development Syndrome (ZVOR, Hypotrophy)
The slow development of the internal organs of the child is often caused by a violation of their nutrition. Blood with nutrients comes first to the head of the baby, and the rest of the body are not allowed to increase the material for growth. Along with hypotrophy, hypoxia is usually identified at the fetus, i.e. Lack of oxygen supply. Poor power supply of the fetal can be caused by several reasons:
- if the placenta, through which blood comes to the child from the mother, has too small dimensions, the improper structure is lowered or peeled;
- mother's poor health: hypertension, anemia, heart disease, kidney and lung, caries, diabetes, obesity;
- poor food of pregnant women: malnutrition, little proteins and vitamins in food;
- harmful habits (smoking, alcohol, drugs), sex infections, severe physical work of the mother;
- some drugs, for example, vasoconducting, also disturb the bloodstream in the umbilical cord and placenta;
- if the kids are somewhat, then the nutrition may not be enough for everyone;
- violations of the child itself: chromosomal diseases (Down syndrome), malformations of internal organs, metabolic disorders.
On time, the started treatment often helps to ensure adequate nutrition of the kid during the intrauterine development and reduce the risk of complications. If the treatment is not started, then the appearance of such children has large risks in such children, great stillwomen. Newborn are subject to infections, they have impaired maintenance of body temperature, the jaundice is observed. Subsequently, these children have an increased risk of developing obesity, hypertension and weak immunity. I liked the article, tell us about friends:
Circle of the abdomen of the fetus for weeks of pregnancy: how is this indicator important?
During pregnancy, the fruit is continuously growing and developing, and the future motley regularly passes all the necessary surveys to control this process. One of the methods is ultrasound, and with it, you can not only determine the position of the fetus, but to carry out various measurements of the future child. It is very important to determine the conchion of the abdomen of the fetus for weeks of pregnancy, since this figure reports on the physical and mental development of a non-born baby, the presence of pathologies and potential anomalies in the children's body. It is impossible to determine this mandatory evaluation criterion on the eye, therefore, the screening procedure is applied, which a lot will guide about the health status of the future child in the intrauterine period. Up to 14 weeks, the CTR is such an important indicator. Which as well as coolant is part of fetal fetometry.
Norms of the fetus of the fetus Monday
As a rule, the testimony of the circumference of the abdomen of the fetus for weeks is compared with a special table, and these values \u200b\u200bare somewhat different at different times and in different trimesters. Be sure to measure this measurement on 2 and 3 planned screening (approximately twentieth and thirty-ninth weeks), and the differences obtained allow us to judge the development of a new organism. Indicators of the fetus, obtained by ultrasound, are compared with the table of normal values. First of all, it is important to figure out how the measure is performed by the ultrasound. Everything is simple: the fetal is a conditional segment conducted along the liver, stomach and umbilical veins. You can perform measurement only on a special ultrasound device, and it is important to obtain an extremely accurate value in order not to doubt the systematic development of the embryo in the intrauterine period. When the doctor is relevant, then immediately compares the norm. To understand what are the perfect values, you should bring some examples from the table:
- 14 weeks - coolant is 85 mm;
- 20 week - coolant reaches 144 mm;
- 26 The obstetric week - the coolant is greater than 217 mm;
- 30 obstetric week - an indicator of coolant varies within 365 mm;
- 40 Obstetric Week - Characteristic measurement can reach 350 mm.
Features of deviations from the norm
Finding out what kind of fetus is, it remains only to deal with the standards and real deviations, from which they depend on and what they say. If, in a specific case, a deviation is deviated from the norm of the abdomen of the fruit, then this is not a reason for panic. It is possible that the genetic features of the structure of the building occur, and in small parental growth, in most cases, especially tiny kids are born, and the first argument in favor of physiological deviations. By the way, girls are also smaller than boys, so the sexuality of the fetus can also be of great importance. Different reasons may affect the development of fetal deviations, including the lifestyle of the future mother. To immediately exclude the risk of pathology, the doctor conducts a qualitative examination of all internal organs and systems, sends a pregnant patient to the reception to genetics. It is much worse when a pathology is obvious on the monitor screen, which does not simply affect the intrauterine development of the embryo, but also provides a number of congenital diseases. If the fetal abdomen is noticeably violated on the ultrasound, the doctor puts a preliminary conclusion - ZVOR, that is, the delay of intrauterine development. With indicators when the internal organs and the abdomen of normal size, the disease obtained the definition of asymmetric shape; When their dimensions are clearly reduced against the backdrop of a small abdomen, the disease acquires a symmetrical shape. One way or another, a complete diagnosis of a pregnant body is required and at the same time the doctor may question successful delivery. Such deviations may be due to bad habits. When there is a smoking and alcoholism, placenta hypoplasia or impaired blood flow, or diagnoses such as colds, diabetes mellitus. Chronic kidney lesions, liver, hearts. Whatever the cause of deviations of the development of the fetus from the norms of the norm, it is necessary to solve such a problem immediately. But in order to detect pathology in a timely manner, you need to go to the gynecologist as soon as possible to register and strictly fulfill all the recommendations of the doctor, do not miss planned inspections and analyzes and even undergo unscheduled surveys if the doctors consider them necessary.
OK fetal on ultrasound
The fetal abdomen is measured in the second and third screen during the ultrasound: 22 and 32 weeks, respectively. Dates may change slightly, so we will provide the norm of the coast on weeks of pregnancy. Specialist Uzi will measure the abdominal circumference along the liver, stomach and umbilical veins. Usually here is the largest diameter of the tummy of the fetus. The stomach circumference is not measured to determine the gestational age of the fetus, this indicator is necessary to evaluate only the development and growth of the fetus.
Fetal abdomen
The norms specified in our table are indicative. Permissible deviation + - a couple of weeks. Those. If the fetus is 124mm for 19 weeks, then this is not critical. Do not hurry to panic if the value you got on ultrasound differs from the norm. To begin with, contact the gynecologist or write to me in the comments: Let's try to figure it out if you just tomorrow and all Valerian in the house already brewing. In the article about fetometry, the girl often in the comments are worried during deviations in the third trimester. It was during this period that the kids in the womb grow particularly unevenly. Therefore, if the severity of the tummy is slightly different, there is no reason for the panic at all. If the difference is quite impressive, it is worth repeating the ultrasound after a couple of weeks - in most cases the fruit levels the indicators. In the case where the difference in the indicators exceeds the standard standards, the ultrasound in conclusion indicates the delay in the intrauterine development of the fetus (ZVOR). But when this diagnosis is made, the ratio of the coolant is calculated to other indicators (to the circle of the head, the length of the hip, BPR). If the internal organs, and accordingly, the size of the abdomen, small size, and the rest is observed, the doctor indicates that the delay in the development of asymmetric form. If all parts of the body and the fetus organs are less than necessary on the standards, this is a symmetric form of development delay. If the child begins to lag in development, it is noticeable to the middle or by the end of the second trimester. And in most cases the delay is manifested not just like that. It is a consequence of blood flow. hyperplasia (thickening) or placenta hypoplasia, fetal defects, etc. It is often that the baby has a mismatch with norms, there is wines and the most future mother. These are the factors to which a woman can affect (bad habits, poor nutrition, heavy fiz. Loads, caries, STDs, infections) and which cannot (diabetes, chronic heart disease, kidney, lungs, hypertension, obesity, anemia) . A multiple pregnancy should be considered slightly different. In this case, the lag in the development of one of the children (and sometimes at once) is natural. The chart below contains indicators of the norms of the American Pregnancy Association and it is tested by the best experts in this area:
Even if you were diagnosed by Zvor Fetal - this does not mean that there is no chance to give birth to a healthy child. It is necessary to start treatment in a timely manner, listen and fulfill all the recommendations of the attending physician and everything will definitely be in order.
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Ultrasound during pregnancy has long been understandable and familiar procedure, because this is the easiest, reliable and informative method of controlling the state of the fetus. As a rule, a specialist diagnostic during the study determines the term of pregnancy, and almost every patient refers to it as proper, without thinking - how exactly does the doctor define terms? And how exactly? What parameters use for this?
The role of ultrasound research
It is diagnostics with ultrasound that helps the doctors to reliably determine the timing of the child's hatching on the basis of the indicators of the most different character, but at the same time directly established for a more informative result.
Installation of the exact period also helps to predict the date of delivery, which is very important both from a medical point of view, and just to calm the future mother. It is necessary to know the most accurate period in order to control the development of the fetus, its condition, the ratio of norms with reality.
How does a specialist determines the timing?
Some patients believe that the doctor is enough to look at the image on the monitor - and immediately visually becomes clear "age" of a child, but this is, of course, not so. The specialist records the resulting embryo data and compares the norms of the norm.. Usually, the doctor has a special table with fixed indicators, where all relevant norms on weeks are painted. Quantitative indicators. Table # 1. Norms of indicators on the 5-10 week of pregnancy.
Table # 2. Norms of indicators for the second trimester.
| 11 | 17-21 | 10-16 | 52-73 |
| 12 | 22-24 | 17-21 | 58-83 |
| 13 | 25-27 | 23-28 | 73-95 |
| 14 | 28-30 | 27-31 | 84-110 |
| 15 | 31-33 | 32-39 | 110 |
| 16 | 34-37 | 41-49 | 111-135 |
| 17 | 38-41 | 45-54 | 122-149 |
| 18 | 42-47 | 48-59 | 131-160 |
| 19 | 48-49 | 52-63 | 142-174 |
| 20 | 50-53 | 56-67 | 154-186 |
| 21 | 54-56 | 61-72 | 167-200 |
| 22 | 57-60 | 65-76 | 178-211 |
| 23 | 61-64 | 68-80 | 190-223 |
| 24 | 65-67 | 71-85 | 201-236 |
Table No. 3. Norms of indicators for the third trimester.
| Pregnancy term (in weeks) | BPR (biparity size) (in millimeters) | Lobno-occipital size (in millimeters) | Head Circle (in millimeters) |
| 25 | 68-70 | 73-88 | 215-250 |
| 26 | 71-73 | 76-93 | 224-261 |
| 27 | 75-76 | 80-96 | 235-273 |
| 28 | 77-79 | 83-98 | 245-284 |
| 29 | 80-82 | 86-101 | 255-295 |
| 30 | 83-85 | 89-104 | 265-304 |
| 31 | 86-87 | 93-108 | 273-314 |
| 32 | 88-89 | 95-112 | 283-325 |
| 33 | 90-91 | 98-116 | 289-332 |
| 34 | 92-93 | 101-119 | 295-338 |
| 35 | 94-95 | 105-120 | 299-345 |
| 36 | 96-97 | 104-123 | 303-348 |
| 37 | 98-98 | 106-126 | 307-352 |
| 38 | 99-100 | 108-128 | 309-357 |
| 39 | 101-102 | 109-129 | 311-359 |
| 40 | 103 | 110-120 | 312-361 |
Table No. 4. Structures of the Fetal length.
| Pregnancy term (in weeks) | Embryo dimensions (centimeters) |
| 5 | 0,8 |
| 6 | 1,1 |
| 7 | 1,3 |
| 8 | 1,5 |
| 9 | 2,2 |
| 10 | 3,2 |
| 11 | 4,1 |
| 12 | 5,3 |
| 13 | 7,5 |
| 14 | 8,7 |
| 15 | 10 |
| 16 | 11,5 |
| 17 | 13,1 |
| 18 | 14,2 |
| 19 | 15,2 |
| 20 | 16,5 |
| 21 | 26,6 |
| 22 | 27,8 |
| 23 | 29,8 |
| 24 | 31 |
| 25 | 34,6 |
| 26 | 35,5 |
| 27 | 36,5 |
| 28 | 37,7 |
| 29 | 38,6 |
| 30 | 39,8 |
| 31 | 41,1 |
| 32 | 42,5 |
| 33 | 43,6 |
| 34 | 45 |
| 35 | 46,1 |
| 36 | 47,3 |
| 37 | 48,6 |
| 38 | 49,8 |
| 39 | 50,6 |
| 40 | 51,7 |
| 41 | 52 |
| 42 | 53 |
Table No. 5. Standards of the embryo abdomen.
| Pregnancy term (in weeks) | Abdominal circle (in millimeters) |
| 11 | 40-61 |
| 12 | 50-71 |
| 13 | 58-79 |
| 14 | 66-91 |
| 15 | 91 |
| 16 | 88-115 |
| 17 | 93-130 |
| 18 | 105-144 |
| 19 | 114-154 |
| 20 | 125-163 |
| 21 | 137-177 |
| 22 | 148-190 |
| 23 | 160-201 |
| 24 | 173-223 |
| 25 | 183-228 |
| 26 | 194-240 |
| 27 | 206-253 |
| 28 | 217-264 |
| 29 | 228-277 |
| 30 | 238-290 |
| 31 | 247-300 |
| 32 | 258-314 |
| 33 | 267-334 |
| 34 | 276-336 |
| 35 | 285-344 |
| 36 | 292-353 |
| 37 | 300-360 |
| 38 | 304-368 |
| 39 | 310-375 |
| 40 | 313-380 |
Table number 6. The norms of the thickness of the placenta.
| Pregnancy term (in weeks) | The optimal value of the thickness of the placenta (in millimeters) |
| 20 | 22-23 |
| 21 | 22,8-23,5 |
| 22 | 23,6-24,4 |
| 23 | 24,5-26 |
| 24 | 25,3-25,8 |
| 25 | 26,2-26,7 |
| 26 | 27-27,5 |
| 27 | 27,9-28,3 |
| 28 | 28,7-29 |
| 29 | 29,6-30 |
| 30 | 30,4-30,7 |
| 31 | 31,3-31,8 |
| 32 | 32,1-32,5 |
| 33 | 33-33,4 |
| 34 | 33,9-34,3 |
| 35 | 34,7-35 |
| 36 | 35,6-36 |
| 37 | 34,3-34,7 |
| 38 | 34,1-34,5 |
| 39 | 33,8-34 |
| 40 | 33,5-33,7 |
What exactly analytes a specialist?
The analyzed values \u200b\u200bof the norm depend on the trimester and the specific period. In the first trimester, special attention is paid to the length of the fetus, since this is the only parameter that gives reliable information. During this period there are no decisive differences in the development of embryos from different women, so the ultrasound establishes the "age" of a child up to a day.
The definition of the CTR when the second and third trimester ultrasound is the periods, during which it is impossible to achieve absolute accuracy, because from that moment on, embryos begin to develop individually. Doctors use average figures, but even in this case, the time is set as much as possible, and it is very possible to identify possible pathologies. At the same time, the specialists analyze such indicators as a child's head circumference, the diameter of the chest, the cocchico-darken distance of the embryo.
Now you need to analyze the value of the indicators presented in these tables that may cause questions in patients. Copchiko-darken distance - distance, respectively, from the edge of the embryo to the tailbone. Thanks to this, the most accurate definition of the period is possible, because these sizes are universal. Also, if there are factors that prevent the timing of the timelines, the CTR is the only reliable parameter in this case. The diameter of the fetal egg is directly fertilized egg, from which the embryo will develop in the future. Its dimensions, of course, directly depend on the specific period and have long been studied - the doctor is enough to look at the appropriate table. The diameter of the yolk bag is also an important indicatorb because the yolk bag throughout the development of the child plays a very important role (for example, in the first trimester, it supplies the bloodary system of nuclear erythrocytes). The dimensions are also always in the doctor's table. Biparic size - The distance between the dairy bones of the embryo. Lobno-occipital size - the distance between the frontal and the occipital bones respectively. Embryo length - It is calculated when the child is in the maximum "dispersed" state. Placenta thickness "It depends very much from the placenta: she protects the child, and supplies it with everything necessary, and produces many hormones. Therefore, it is very important to check for the compliance of its thickness standards laid by the term. If the state of the mother is stable, there are no deviations - the placenta thickness is enough to simply establish the "age" of the embryo.
Accuracy
Many women are interested - how exactly the ultrasound of the fetus helps determine the timing of weeks? Therefore, it is important to note that ultrasound diagnostics establishes obstetric dates, in other words, the "age" of the embryo is calculated from the first day of the last menstruation. Sometimes there is a situation when the patient, turning to the tables on the Internet and the results of the ultrasound, detects the differences of the term, so you need to know exactly what system the calculation was made, and not "sinful" to the imperfection of ultrasound diagnostics.
Pathology
The ultrasound of the fetus is informative not only as aid for determining the term, but also when the pathologies of different nature are found. Moreover, some of them can be discovered only with ultrasound, it is also important to note that, since the ultrasound can be made any often, this is a fairly effective method of control over the state of the fetus. So, the main pathologies that can be determined are:
- Development lag (detected by comparing regulatory parameters with reality, the indicators below the thresholds undoubtedly indicate the presence of anomaly).
- Various vices (also detected by inconsistencies in indicators).
- Major.
- Multi-way.
- Thickening placenta.
- Non-prompt pregnancy (indicators below standards (especially Copchiko-Durbs) in the first trimester).
When can you go to the diagnostic office?
Of course, modern ultrasound technologies allow you to detect an embryo after a week after conception, but most of the clinics are still not so perfect equipment. It is also important to note that for this it will be necessary to carry out an ultrasound with a transvaginal method, which is very dangerous for the future child and can cause a spontaneous miscarriage. So sooner the examination can only be done if there are special medical indications, in any other case, you can suffer with knowledge of the exact period. Contact the diagnostics are advised at the 5th week of pregnancy, when it is already possible to consider the fruit in more detail with the help of an ultrasound, to make certain conclusions and set the time with maximum accuracy.
Is it dangerous?
Some patients refuse ultrasound diagnostics both transvaginal and transabdominal method, referring to the danger of ultrasound. Indeed, these fears are logical, because the care of the health of the baby is peculiar to any mother. But the ultrasound is completely not dangerous for the embryo, even in a small time there is no reason to believe that ultrasound waves will damage the development of the child, will cause pathology or lead to miscarriage.
Probability of error
Any woman quite rightly can calculate that the size of the embryo is not the most reliable indicator for setting the term, because each child develops in different ways and determine the exact age of its age - difficult. But in fact, over the years of medical practice in the correctness of the deadline established on the ultrasound of the fetus, you can no longer doubt. If the woman is still questioning the results of the ultrasound - you can always conduct a number of additional diagnostic procedures, which in turn will allow you to determine the deadlines at the most accurate level. Ultrasound of the fetus is not only a method for monitoring the state of the fetus, controlling its development, but also quite reliable, accurate, informative, convenient and easy way to determine the deadline for weeks. According to many parameters, which over the years of development of ultrasound medicine have already been fully studied, the diagnostician defines the obstetric "age" of the embryo, using special tables to which a simple patient can rely.
Ultrasound studies are beginning to pass future mothers from early pregnancy. Usually in the early stages, they seek to determine the presence of a fertilized egg inside its body. Others resort to this type of diagnosis due to the emerging complications or the appearance of complaints in the form of pain, bleeding during pregnancy. In such cases, the gynecologist prescribes an unscheduled ultrasound. The planned ultrasound is carried out pregnant 3 times all the time of having a child. Screening research appoints to all future mothers. Thanks to the use of a regular diagnostic method, doctors managed to reduce the number of fulbirth and child mortality once in 5. These are very impressive results.
Fetometry fruit
Future mothers worries the development of their baby from the first days of pregnancy. Everyone is waiting for a healthy, full-fledged child in the last time. Fetometric indicators are the data that gives an opportunity to the specialist as accurately as possible to establish a period of flowing pregnancy, establish the compliance of the size of the child to the estimated period. In addition, they diagnose any visible disorders that can be in the fetus during its intrauterine development. The average size of the developing fetus is provided in a special table.
| 11 | 6.8 | 11 | 7 | 20 | 18 |
| 12 | 8.2 | 19 | 9 | 24 | 21 |
| 13 | 10.0 | 31 | 12 | 24 | 24 |
| 14 | 12.3 | 52 | 16 | 26 | 28 |
| 15 | 14.2 | 77 | 19 | 28 | 32 |
| 16 | 16.4 | 118 | 22 | 34 | 35 |
| 17 | 18.0 | 160 | 24 | 38 | 39 |
| 18 | 20.3 | 217 | 28 | 41 | 42 |
| 19 | 22.1 | 270 | 31 | 44 | 44 |
| 20 | 24.1 | 345 | 34 | 48 | 47 |
| 21 | 25.9 | 416 | 37 | 50 | 50 |
| 22 | 27.8 | 506 | 40 | 53 | 53 |
| 23 | 29.7 | 607 | 43 | 56 | 56 |
| 24 | 31.2 | 733 | 46 | 59 | 60 |
| 25 | 32.4 | 844 | 48 | 62 | 63 |
| 26 | 33.9 | 969 | 51 | 64 | 66 |
| 27 | 35.5 | 1135 | 53 | 69 | 69 |
| 28 | 37.2 | 1319 | 55 | 73 | 73 |
| 29 | 38.6 | 1482 | 57 | 76 | 76 |
| 30 | 39.9 | 1636 | 59 | 79 | 78 |
| 31 | 41.1 | 1779 | 61 | 81 | 80 |
| 32 | 42.3 | 1930 | 63 | 83 | 82 |
| 33 | 43.6 | 2088 | 65 | 85 | 84 |
| 34 | 44.5 | 2248 | 66 | 88 | 86 |
| 35 | 45.4 | 2414 | 67 | 91 | 88 |
| 36 | 46.6 | 2612 | 69 | 94 | 89.5 |
| 37 | 47.9 | 2820 | 71 | 97 | 91 |
| 38 | 49.0 | 2992 | 73 | 99 | 92 |
| 39 | 50.2 | 3170 | 75 | 101 | 93 |
| 40 | 51.3 | 3373 | 77 | 103 | 94.5 |
There are cases when minor fetal sizes are the result of a small growth of his parents. But also the cause of the backlog of the norm in the development may be the lack of beneficial substances coming from the mother's body. Under such cases, an obstetrician gynecologist prescribes a pregnant course of vitamins and observes the development of the baby in a week or two. Fetometry of the fetus consists of such indicators:
- CTR (it is called an increase in growth). Deciphered as Copchiko-Damp Size;
- BPR. Deciphered as a biparic head;
- DB. Decoded as a long thigh;
- Co. This indicator determines the abdomen;
- DGK. Indicator for determining the diameter of the chest.
There is a special table that shows the parameters of the fetus (under normal conditions). Children sizes This table provides for weeks of development. It uses gynecologists to establish conformity to the development of the kid by the norm of a specific period of pregnancy. For the accuracy of diagnostics in fetometry, several parameters from the table must be examined. Up to 36 weeks, doctors diagnose such data development data:
After this week, explore:
The table will help you deal with the data specified as a result of the ultrasound. The table contains the averaged values \u200b\u200bcorresponding to certain weekly weeks. Only your personal gynecologist can put the final diagnosis. It is worth considering the individuality of every child, which manifests itself in the peculiarities of its intrauterine development in a specific time period. Thanks to the table with data providing deciphering the results of an ultrasound study, the doctors establish the conformity of the development of the kid by the norm of a certain period. The table of the middle sizes of the fruit egg and the embryo in the first trimester:
The second and third trimester - the average size of the fetus head:
The average size of the circumference of the abdomen, the femoral and shoulder bones of the fetus:
When determined by the ultrasound study of some deviations from the development rate of the fetus, pregnant is prescribed appropriate treatment with subsequent repeated surveys after a while. In addition to the lack of some vitamins and substances, it is worth considering the features of each organism. The dimensions of each individual fetus are individual. In tables with dimensions, the average parameters are indicated (taking into account the norm).
Ultrasound 10-14 weeks
At this stage of pregnancy, its main systems and organs have been formed at the fetus. The specialist appoints every woman waiting for the appearance of a new life, this scheduled ultrasound study of the first trimester. At this time, doctors have no definition of the child's sex, as pregnant people mistakenly think. The purpose of the ultrasound for 10-14 weeks is:
- Confirmation of the estimated gynecologist of pregnancy. His experienced specialist will establish in this period with maximum accuracy. Only due to such accuracy, an obstetrician-gynecologist will be able to determine the compliance of the rate of development of the kid according to the prescribed date of pregnancy.
- Detection (in the presence) of coarse defects in the development of the fetus. It is thanks to ultrasound, the echoscopists can determine the presence of the baby some vices. With such cases, women recommend to interrupt the baby tooling with small-acting methods. Of course, the decision depends only on the pregnant, its religious and aesthetic views.
Uzi helps determine the term of pregnancy. There are discrepancies between the deadlines on the last month and ultrasound. When difference per week, one and a half, the preference of the doctors give the results of ultrasound. It defines the CTR and establishes on the table compliance rate on a certain period of development. If the difference is more than two weeks, then the term is determined by ultrasound. Ultrasound examination at this time is also called "genetic". Already by 10-14 weeks, specialists can visualize with the help of ultrasound swelling of the collar space. In most of these pathologies, the fetus continued signs of Down syndrome. Thus, this pathology can be determined already in 10-14 weeks. If the fold thickness is about 3 mm - it is considered pathology. During this period of development, the thickness of the collar space of most fruits is less than a millimeter. With an increased thickness, a unambiguous diagnosis does not put the specialist. He recommends a pregnant to pass further examination in genetics. It is thanks to this screening that gynecologists allocate the risk group among the entire stream of pregnant women.
Ultrasound 20-24 weeks
Another scheduled screening appoints a doctor for 20-24 weeks. The purpose of this ultrasound study is to diagnose the state of the internal bodies of the kid. This survey is carried out to detect possible malformations. Given the fact that there are several thousand vices, pregnant women are required to give the importance of this ultrasound research. Development defects in early pregnancy in early pregnancy in order to take appropriate measures. Some anomalies (increased number of fingers, heart defects, struck the fingers, hands, huysuit) will not significantly improve the life of the future kid. Some of these vices can be corrected by surgical intervention. But there are such anomalies that are incompatible with life (anencephalia). Ultrasound biometrics defines proportional / disproportional fetal sizes. It is due to it determines the presence of the growth of the growth of individual parts of the body or the entire fetus from the norm. Ultrasound examination of this period also determines:
- The number of accumulating waters;
- Tone of the uterus;
- The structure, the thickness of the placenta;
- The state of the cervix;
- Place attack location.