Hello! Today we will consolidate the knowledge gained in the previous lessons.

For those who were not present at the previous lessons - you need to go through the lessons:

Having mastered these basic knitting techniques, we will begin to gain experience. Experience comes through practice. So we will practice, knitting in rows of front and back loops classic.

It is important to understand where the front side of your knitting is, i.e. the outside that everyone will see.

Always determine this by the tail of the thread, which remained when we typed on the loops of the initial row. When you look straight ahead at the right side of the knitted fabric, the ponytail is bottom right side.

So, let's continue knitting with knit and purl loops. We take our begun knitting and look: we have already knitted the first row with front loops and the second row with purl loops.

Let's check the starting position:

• before us is the front side of the work;
• ponytail at the bottom right;
• thread from the ball - for knitting.

First loop on left needle - edging, performs a service role, is responsible for an even edge, does not participate in the pattern. The first edge loop is simply removed from the left knitting needle, not knitted in any way.

How to remove an edge loop - insert a knitting needle into the loop from the right side or from the left?

Since we are now starting to knit a row with front classic loops, i.e. the knitting needle will be inserted into all loops of the row left, then when removing the edge loop, we will do the same so as not to get confused.

Now, perhaps, there will be objections that, they say, it is inconvenient to remove it when the knitting needle is inserted into the edge loop from the left side.

Agree.

But at this stage of the very initial training, the same approach is recommended for all loops on the left knitting needle. To avoid confusion.

So, they removed the edge loop.

The second loop of the row is the first loop of the pattern. Our pattern is knit stitches. Or, we can say - the front surface. Let me remind you how the front loop is knitted:

1. Insert a knitting needle on the left side of the loop.
2. Move the right knitting needle inside the loop.
3. Place the end of the right knitting needle on top of the thread from the ball and to the right of it.
4. We grab the thread from below with a movement towards us.
5. Pull back through the loop.
6. Once the loop is knitted, remove it from the left knitting needle.

Repeat steps 1-6 to the end of the row. The last loop in the row - the edge loop - is knitted, like all loops of the row, with the front classic loop.

Next, we expand the knitting with the reverse side. Here we have a different pattern - the seamy surface. Recall that when knitting a purl classic loop, the knitting needle is inserted into the loop with right side... In this case, the thread from the ball should be in front - before knitting.

In the previous lesson, you can see a detailed description of how to knit a purl loop in the classic way.

Video clip of today's lesson once again further explains all the incomprehensible points in the technique of performing the front and back loops.

You just have to carefully and accurately repeat all the techniques, paying special attention to knitting purl loops.
When the right knitting needle is released, we begin to knit the next row. So we gradually train until we feel lightness and naturalness in our hands. We bring the movements to automatism, so that before knitting the next loop, we do not think for a long time on which side to insert the knitting needle.

We knit in rows, from right to left:

• 1st row - front loops;
• 2nd row - purl loops;
• 3rd row - repeat from 1st row.

Try to knit at least 20 rows to start without interruption.

As for the edge loops, in one of the following lessons we will consider all the secrets and tricks associated with them.

I wish you patience and good luck with this tutorial!

And in the next lesson we will learn,.

Questions for the lesson:
1. Does your knitting front look smooth enough?
2. What difficulties did you face in completing today's lesson?

Knitting is one of the oldest types of needlework, thanks to which it became possible to make warm clothes of various sizes and shapes. Initially, the hand-twisted threads were intertwined with the fingers, and then they began to use thin durable sticks of hard wood. But today we will not talk about knitting needles at all, but about what can be created with them - about loops.

The most important knitting stitches

There are two main types of loops, which need to be mastered at the stage of mastering knitting - facial and purl. They are the basic elements for compiling any kind of cloth: shawl - consists of rows connected only by front loops; smooth - consists of alternating rows of purl and front loops; elastic (elastic) - consists of successively alternating front and back loops in one row; openwork - knitting, one row of which is made from a combination of front double loops and yarns, and the other is knitted only with purl loops; embossed (with braids) - consists of alternating stripes of the front and back surface, while in one row the front elements periodically intersect or intertwine; flat fantasy - is a pattern consisting of systematized sections of the purl and front surface. Finally, without the ability to knit front and back loops, novice craftswomen will not be able to master the creation of multi-colored knitted patterns, which are known as Norse or Nordic motifs in the form of stars, deer, snowflakes and flowers.
In a word, knowing how to knit only front and back loops, you can create real handmade masterpieces, which, in addition to aesthetic pleasure, will give the owner of a knitted thing warmth in its usual sense, and a feeling of comfort.

Facial loops - how to knit them

The first loops that a novice craftswoman needs to get to know closely are the front loops. It is very simple to make them - for this you need to have more or less developed perseverance and attentiveness. So, in front of us are knitting needles with dialed loops, the working thread is placed behind the future canvas. To knit the front loop, we perform the following manipulations:
1. Insert the working needle into the loop from the front edge (the one that is closer to the knitter).
2. We grasp the working thread with the tip of the knitting needle in the direction from top to bottom.
3. Pull the loop of the working thread through the loop on the knitting needle.
And now the first front loop is ready - it is located on the right knitting needle (working) and is indicated by a red arrow, and a loop remains on the left, which is about to become an element of the previous row (indicated by a blue arrow). It needs to be dropped from the left spoke for the work to move forward.

Further, the described actions are performed with each loop in a row. If both the second and third, and all subsequent rows are knitted only with front loops, you will get a classic shawl fabric.

Of course, in order to create real masterpieces with knitting needles, only the front loops will not be enough for the knitter, so after mastering them, you can safely proceed to the study of the purl loops.

Purl loops - the technology of their creation

Purl loops are a mirror image of the front loops, and therefore the craftswoman who has mastered the previous type of knitting will not experience difficulties. The starting position for knitting such loops is actually the same as when knitting a garter cloth, but the working thread is thrown to the front side of the work, closer to the craftswoman.

The working needle is inserted into the loop of the previous row from the rear edge (see photo). Next, the working knitting needle grabs the thread and pulls it through the loop of the previous row.

In the photo, a red arrow indicates a tied purl loop. It should be left on the right spoke. The blue arrow points to the loop, which must be removed from the left knitting needle after drawing the working thread.
If you knit all the rows only with purl loops, the fabric will look the same as when knitting with the front loops - you get a classic garter stitch.

Combinations of front and back loops

After the front and back loops are mastered well enough, you can start combining them. This will allow you to get knitted fabrics of different structure and characteristics.

Front and back surface

The most common combination of front and back stitches can be seen in smooth fabric. You can knit this canvas if you alternate the rows of the front loops with the rows of the purl.
Its front part looks like pigtails pressed against each other. It is the front surface that is used when knitting multi-colored patterns.

The seamy side of such canvases is completely covered with "lambs" of the loops. This type of fabric can often be seen only on the seamy side of knitted items. However, in some cases, it is used as a front base when tying braids.

Smooth fabric is considered the densest among other types of knitted fabrics. However, it also has disadvantages - the edges of products connected with satin stitch curl.

Elastic band or elastic cloth

This type of knitting is used to decorate the edge of a knitted garment, as it has increased elasticity and perfectly sets the shape of the entire garment. The pattern of the elastic fabric is represented by alternating strips of the front and back surfaces. They can be of various widths. The most popular with knitters are elastic bands 1: 1, 2: 2, 2: 3, 3: 3, where the first number corresponds to the number of front loops, and the second - purl in the rapport.
This is how the simplest and most "stringy" elastic band looks like, tied in a 1: 1 pattern.

It is used to decorate the bottom of the product, neckline, cuffs. It also makes great belts that won't curl even after washing.
The elastic band, tied according to the 2: 2 scheme, looks a little different - its stripes are wider. Such a fabric has less elasticity compared to the previous version, but it is very often used to design necks, cuffs, as well as to highlight the waist line on elongated products.

Textured knitting - flat and embossed patterns

Obtaining a textured, that is, artistically designed knitted fabric is for the sake of which they most often start acquaintance with this type of needlework. It can be flat or embossed, complex or relatively simple, but in any case, to create it, you will need to master the technique of knitting the front and back loops almost perfectly.
The easiest textured knit to reproduce is flat. In this case, certain sections of the canvas represent the purl, and others - the front surface. The most common example of a flat textured knit is the "Chess" pattern (see the next photo), connected in a 3: 3 pattern with a change of order after 3 rows.

The main advantage of such patterns is the ease of creation and the ability to create exclusive patterns.
Another option for flat textured knitting is the "Rice" pattern. It is knitted in a 1: 1 pattern (front loops alternate with purl loops in each row). In fact, this pattern is knitted in the same way as a 1: 1 elastic, but in each row, the purl loops need to be knitted over the purl loops, and the front loops should be knitted above the front loops.

Slightly more difficult in terms of labor costs is the knitting of embossed patterns - braids, intertwining stripes. The main "field" in this knitting is the seamy stitch, and the protruding (convex) elements are knitted with the front stitch. To get a truly embossed pattern, the craftswoman will need additional knitting needles. With their help, you can change the direction of the element.

To get the same braids as in the photo above, knitting begins according to the pattern for an elastic band 2: 4. The seamy surface will be narrower, and the front, respectively, wider. Having knitted several rows, cross the "pillar" from the front loops. To do this, when working on the front side, 2 out of 4 loops are removed onto the auxiliary knitting needle and left in front of the fabric, and the two remaining loops of the element are knitted with front loops.

Then they knit the loops removed on the auxiliary knitting needle (also facial). This is done with each braid.

Then the cycle is repeated several times until the craftswoman completes her creative ideas.
Another area of ​​application of the front and back loops is the creation of openwork patterns. They are rightfully considered the most difficult milestone in knitting, since their patterns consist of a combination of knit stitches in odd rows, and purl stitches in even rows. In fact, openwork knitting is a great way to add lightness and special charm to things, as holes appear on it.
To create a classic "mesh", the yarn and two loops tied together are alternated. To create more complex patterns, the front surface is included in the scheme. If you divide the yarn over and double the loops with several loops, you can get a beautiful effect of oblique or oblique knitting. We will discuss this technique in more detail in another article.
Enjoy your creativity, lover of knitting needles and knitted masterpieces!

Are we knitting correctly ...

Masterful execution begins with the correct knitting of the front and back stitches. How to know if you knit correctly or not. It's simple, tie the sample with a 1x1 elastic band.

A) If you get straight braids of loops, as in our test up to the first green stripe, you knit correctly. You don't have to read further. The knitting needles in your hands!
B) If you see that the loops walk a little, that is, one loop in the pigtail looks up, and the other mows a little to the side (see the area between the green stripes), you are not knitting the wrong loops.
C) If you get such a "loose" elastic, as in our test above, you are not knitting the knit correctly. Here we are going to treat you! But first, let's talk about the structure of the loop ...

Loop structure
Look at the loop on the spoke. Mentally divide the loop at the highest point in half lengthways. The part of the loop that is on the side of the knitting needle closest to you is called the front wall. The hinge part on the other side is the back wall.
Now you can continue talking about the front and back loops.

Classic and English ways of knitting a front loop
For the front loop, the correct, or classic, is knitting behind the front wall (see figure). In all knitting magazines, it is generally accepted that needlewomen knit this way.

Classic facial

Sometimes some amateurs knit a front loop on the back wall (see picture). Such a loop is called an "English front" or sometimes "grandmother" loop.

English facial.

If you knit this way, I advise you to retrain, although you need to know how to knit an English facial. This method of knitting a loop is often used, especially in openwork. In the legend for such a loop, a special sign is introduced, and the loop is called "front crossed". If all the loops are knitted in the classical way, and one loop is knitted in the English way, then this loop will clearly differ from the others. It will be kind of twisted. I even saw in some magazine the term not "crossed loop", but "twisted", but I like the word "crossed" more.

English and classic ways of knitting a purl loop
It is simply impossible to explain knitting a purl loop without a pattern, so take a close look at how the arrow shows the movement of the knitting needle. (see figure).

Purl English

If the thread is right in front of the loop and you are just pulling it into the loop on the knitting needle, this is the English way.

The correct purl loop must be knit with air, as shown in the figure below.

Purl classic

If you find out that you are knitting in a non-classical way, you do not need to quit knitting at all. I confess that my mother taught me to knit with English loops. When I started knitting professionally, I had to retrain. I can't say that it was easy for me. Now I knit only in the classical way, but at the stage of retraining, I often cheated.
What was the trick? The fact is that to knit in the classical way is fundamentally openwork and embossed patterns, as well as elastic bands. Garter stitch and knit / purl stitch can be knitted with English stitches. I actively used this to take a break from the unusual tension of the hands, which required learning a new way of knitting. But only if you, too, will be so cunning, knit both purl and front loops in the English way. If you knit one row in the classical way and the other in English, it will turn out badly.

The basis of knitting basics is a knit stitch. There are two ways to knit it, if you do not know the difference, then the knitting may not turn out as intended and as shown in the knitting lessons. The first and main way to knit a knit stitch is the classic knit stitch. Such a loop is knitted behind the front wall, as indicated in the picture, that is, picking up the loop in front.

Let's explain a little what the front and back walls of the hinges are:

The front wall - the thread in the knitted fabric goes to the right, and the back - to the left. When knitting behind the back walls, the loops are crossed.

For a beautiful and neat knitting, it is very important to understand what is front crossed loop... To begin with, let's decide that the crossed loop is not a knitting method, it is its appearance.

As you can see in the diagram, the walls of the crossed loop go in a cross to the right and left.

To cross the loop, knitted in the classical way, its back wall is knitted, and the inverted loop, on the contrary, for the front.

In various master classes, the concept of a front crossed loop is often found. This will mean that the loop must be knit behind the back wall.

So, the front loop tied to the back wall is Grandma's front loop. The photo below shows how to knit a front crossed stitch.

So why do you need to know the difference between a grandma's and a classic loop?

Firstly, they should not be confused and mixed during mating, otherwise front surface with knitting needles will turn out to be ugly.

All knitting patterns by default are knitted in the classical way, if crossed loops are needed, this will be clearly indicated in the description.

In addition, the front surface with grandmother's loops in a circle will turn out to be skewed, since the loops are always crossed in one direction.

The advantage of the crossed loop is that the knitting will result in a tighter knit than the classic one, so you can safely use this method for knitting planks.

In the photo below, the lower part of the sample is tied with classic viscous, and the upper part is crossed.

To summarize, there are several tips:

• unless otherwise stated in the description, always knit knitted loops in the classical way, use crossed loops only in order to achieve the planned effect;
• grandma's facial loop not suitable for circular knitting, as the knitting will twist;
• crossed loops are used only where they will improve performance.

Garter stitch, also known as string, hazel, garden and double-crochet stitches, is called the basis for knitting. It is considered one of the simplest patterns, along with hosiery, that help novice craftswomen to master knitting of the same type, in this case, front, loops.

The name of the scarf pattern got a warm one, filled with associations with beloved mothers and grandmothers, and it fully justifies itself - in the old days, scarves from goat down were often knitted in a similar way.

Knitting shawl knitting needles

Now garter knitting is successfully used to create a wide variety of knitted items: hats, scarves and snoods, cardigans and jackets, coats and much more. The imagination and taste of the craftswoman allow you to do things incredible in their beauty, combining garter knitting with other, more complex and intricate patterns, resulting in the originality of lines, ornaments and the pattern as a whole.

Of course, having learned to knit a shawl pattern, craftswomen will want to do more interesting patterns in their work, however, garter knitting can come in handy later at any time, for example, becoming a beautiful background for openwork patterns, arans, braids, and many other things that craftswomen plan to create in the future ...

What is garter stitch?

Let's start learning the basics of knitting - garter knitting. First of all, it is double-sided knitting type, therefore, the pattern is often chosen for knitting snoods, scarves, belts, lapels, collars and planks.

In addition, the advantages of garter knitting are not limited to the simplicity of execution and versatility of use:

1. it perfectly preserves its original appearance and prevents deformation of the original form of the thing;
2. edges do not curl with garter stitch;
3. knitting of a shawl pattern gives airiness to things - a special volume due to a beautiful embossed knitting.

How to knit correctly - diagram and description

So, how to knit garter stitch with knitting needles? There are several ways to make this double-sided pattern. Consider also schemes with detailed descriptions of the knitting process.

• Classic garter stitch

The most popular and easy option for knitting with knitting needles with a scarf pattern. This type of garter stitch is performed with the so-called classic knit stitches - that is, the knitting needle is inserted behind the front wall of the loop.

Knitting with knitting needles - scheme and description:

1. We collect twenty stitches on a knitting needle and begin to knit according to the picture.
2. We remove the first loop, which will be an edging - so the knitting edge will turn out to be neat.
3. Now we knit the front buttonhole by pulling the knitting needle into the loop in the front and pulling the thread out from the back. In this way, you need to knit a row to the very end.
4. The last loop is knitted on the wrong side. The needle should go through the back of the loop and grab the thread in front.
5. Turn the product over and start knitting in the same way as the first row: the loops should be knit, with the exception of the hem, which are located at the edges.

• Garter knitting with "grandmother's" facial loops

A more complex way of knitting a shawl pattern, which is used by experienced craftswomen, who have determined for themselves the most convenient knitting option. In the case of the “grandmother's” way of knitting front loops, the knitting needle is inserted behind the back wall of the loop. This type of garter knitting is considered not so convenient, but some needlewomen "recognize" only it.

Knitting pattern and work progress:

1. We collect the required number of loops in the first row.
2. We remove the first loop without knitting, the next one is the front one.
3. The entire first row is knit stitches.
4. We turn knitting - we have purl loops.
5. We remove the first loop, and carefully follow the progress of the work further!
6. Working thread for knitting - we knit our purl loop like a front loop.
7. We knit the next loop as well as the front one. Etc.
8. To knit in garter stitch in a circle, you just need to knit the odd rows with the front ones, and the even ones with the wrong ones, or vice versa.

• Purl stitches

Some craftswomen also prefer this method of making this pattern: they knit it completely exclusively with purl loops. As a result, the pattern is slightly wider and looser - that is, an openwork effect is given.

Knitting pattern and work progress:

1. We collect the required number of loops on the knitting needles, not forgetting at the end about the first removed loop, which will be edging.
2. We take away the knitting needle by the thread. The working thread should be to the right of the loop on the left knitting needle.
3. The right needle is inserted into the left loop under the thread.
4. To create a purl loop, you need to grab the thread with the end of the knitting needle, which is in your right hand. Pull it out from left to right through the current knitting loop.
5. The next and all subsequent loops after it will be purl, not counting the hem. In more detail, this type of knitting is shown in the video tutorial below.

Video tutorial

If the diagrams and descriptions of garter knitting options still leave any questions, then beginners can always use visual videos on working with knitting needles.

Video - garter knitting classic facial loops:

Video - garter stitch purl loops: