When birthmarks appear in newborns, their parents are often worried, especially if oversized birthmarks are located on open areas of the body or form large clusters.

The most common questions asked by pediatricians are:

• benign or malignant mole;
• whether the mole will disappear with age;
• is it possible to get rid of it.

To understand these and other issues, you need to familiarize yourself in more detail with the types of moles.

• All information on the site is for informational purposes only and DOES NOT ARE a guide to action!
• Provide an EXACT DIAGNOSIS you can only a DOCTOR!
• We earnestly ask you NOT to self-medicate, but make an appointment with a specialist!
• Health to you and your loved ones!

When appear

All baby moles can be divided into those that appear in the child's womb (congenital), and those that arise in early childhood.

In infancy

Nevi that appear 1 month after birth are also called congenital.

Birthmarks in newborns can form under the influence of the following factors:

• the genetic predisposition of the baby to nevi. The appearance of birthmarks in babies in the same places as in one of the parents is a prime example of an inherited nevus. Some are even proud of this family insignia. Another example of genetically susceptible birthmarks are Mongolian spots;
• stressful situations during pregnancy. Some mothers are interested in whether babies have moles after frequent nervous breakdowns during pregnancy. From a medical point of view, pressure drops during childbearing can cause vasoconstriction, and as a result, disruption of placental blood circulation. The accumulation of ruptured blood vessels in the future can become a red vascular mole.

Nevi in ​​early childhood

The first birthmarks that appear in early childhood appear under the influence of such reasons as:

• long. Ultraviolet light not only makes existing moles darker, but also contributes to the appearance of new ones;
• hormonal changes. Changes in hormonal levels can provoke an increase in the number of nevi at an early age;
• heredity. Hereditary moles do not always appear in a child in the first days. They are often so pale at birth that they are not visible, but over time their color becomes more intense.

According to statistics, children are most often born with nevi:

• premature;
• with fair skin;
• female (girls have moles 5 times more often than boys).

Photo

What are

All moles can be divided into two types:

• pigmented, containing melanin. These moles come in a variety of sizes and shapes. They can be flat and convex. They range in color from beige and light brown to dark brown and black;
• vascular, formed by the accumulation of damaged vessels. Red moles can also be of all sorts of configurations, sizes and shades (from lighter salmon tones to wine color). They are also called hemangiomas.

Among the pigment and vascular birthmarks, two types can also be distinguished:

• flat moles;
• convex nevus.

Red nevi

Hemangiomas are benign skin lesions.

They owe their color to bursting vessels.

Red nevi have a specific life cycle, consisting of the following stages:

• development. The period lasts several months and ends before the age of one year;
• stabilization. The growth of a mole ends at the age of 5;
• involution. The mole becomes smaller, the intensity of its color decreases. The process is very slow.

Hemangiomas can be smooth and bumpy, large or small. They are often dangling and can grow with age.

Active thrombus formation inside these moles leads to a decrease in the level of platelets in the blood, and as a result, a deterioration in its coagulability.

• Damage to the red nevus causes severe bleeding.
• Moles (often damaged by a comb), palms and other places where they can be easily torn off are of great danger.

You can only remove such moles.

For this, a laser or infrared radiation is used.

Hanging

A hanging mole is a formation consisting of epithelial cells.

• It looks like a brownish or skin-colored growth.
• These moles often appear in clusters in the armpits and groin cavities, on the neck, and on the genitals.

From a medical point of view, they are threatening to health, therefore, they require observation.

The dermatologist should advise:

• what are the reasons for the appearance of moles;
• what is their nature (or benign);
• what treatment is needed (possibly removal).

Pigment

These moles can be large or small, with even and uneven outlines, flat and convex.

• Melanin cells in infants are shallow in the skin, so a baby's brown mole is usually flat.
• With age, it can become more convex, and indicate good quality.
• The intensity of the color depends on the amount of pigment.

Small birthmarks are usually not dangerous, but, like any others, require observation.

If the mole is large, then the chances of being reborn into it are higher.

Blue flat

A blue nevus is a type of pigmented birthmark. Melanin lies deep in the dermis.

These moles are usually large. They are difficult to converge, and it is not always safe.

Varieties of blue nevi

Simple:

• from light blue to blue - black;
• size less than 10 mm in diameter;
• the surface is smooth;
• occur in the face and upper extremities.

Cellular:

• often malignant;
• reach 30 mm in diameter;
• always bright color;
• knotty surface;
• are located on the buttocks, less often or on the hands.

Mongolian spots

Localized in newborns in the region of the sacrum, buttocks and thighs.

Up to 90% of babies with Asian roots have them.

Usually, the spots disappear by the age of two, but in rare cases, pale marks remain forever.

These pigment formations do not carry any danger.

Reasons for the appearance

Among the answers to the question "why do moles appear?" there are both scientific versions and unproven ones.

From a medical point of view, factors affecting the appearance of moles in children are:

• ultraviolet radiation. New moles appear with frequent exposure to the sun;
• heredity. If one of the parents has a lot of moles on the body, then most likely the child will also have a lot of them;
• hormonal changes. The appearance of moles is associated with the growth and development of the child;
• increased pressure in the mother of the child during pregnancy. Violation of placental blood flow provokes the occurrence of hemangiomas in the child in the future.

Versions without documentary evidence include:

• infections, viruses and injuries. This version is still in development, and doctors are studying it;
• energy emissions in the places where moles are formed. This version was used to explain the causes of moles by ancient Chinese scientists.

Video: “Moles in children. Summer, sun, beach. "

Do I need to do something if a newborn has a mole

When moles appear in a child, attention should be paid to their configuration and size.

• If they are small and not convex, then there is no reason to worry. 90% of moles are safe.
• If moles grow strongly in size, their number is rapidly increasing, or they begin to hurt the child, then you should immediately contact a dermatologist.

What is the danger

Most often, bulging and hanging moles are considered dangerous.

If accidentally damaged or torn off, such a mole can open up, which will be difficult to stop.

Another risk factor is the possibility of birthmark degeneration.

To diagnose this process, it is necessary to observe the behavior of the nevus.

You should consult a doctor in the following cases:

• overgrowth of the spot;
• color changes;
• bleeding;
• or itching;
• the appearance of a gloss unusual for a mole.

Attention should be paid to the appearance of a mole, which is very different in appearance from the nevi already present on the body.

Treatment

If you suspect a malignant nevus, you should consult a dermatologist or oncologist.

• In most cases, they can visually determine if there is a cause for concern.
• If a deeper need arises, specialists use a hardware study of a mole, for example, using a dermatoscope.
• It is also used to detect malignant development of a nevus. Suspicious moles must be removed.

A common reason for removal is the unsightly nevus.

Before resorting to getting rid of a mole, experts examine its boundaries and depth in order to choose the most appropriate removal method.

If we talk about treatment, then they include the following recipes.

1. Mix one part of crushed chalk with four parts of hemp oil. Insist the composition for 4 days. Apply to moles a couple of times a day for a month.
2. Within a month, vinegar essence is gently applied to the mole, drop by drop a day.
3. A gruel is prepared from a clove of garlic and a teaspoon of vinegar essence. A patch with a hole for a mole is glued to the skin. The composition is applied to the nevus. The mole is glued on top with another plaster. After a few days, the compress is removed. The method is painful and should not be used without consulting a doctor.

Methods for removing a nevus in children

The method for removing moles is chosen by a specialist taking into account many factors:

• the area and depth of the mole;
• the age of the patient;
• patient gender;
• the location of the nevus;
• the presence of contraindications and others.

The following methods are used to remove moles:

• surgical removal;
• laser therapy;
• infrared radiation;
• exposure to radio waves;
• deletion;
• action .

Prevention of rebirth

In order to prevent the degeneration of nevi into melanomas, moles are removed by friction, squeezing and injury.

Skin care

Intense ultraviolet radiation has a detrimental effect on the skin and moles.

On the packaging of children's sun protection products, you need to pay attention to the SPF and PPD indices.

• SPF characterizes the degree of protection against UV rays. For children must be from 50 and above.
• PPD characterizes the degree of protection of the skin after the end of exposure to sunlight. The maximum value of this index is 42. It corresponds to 24 hours of skin care after sun exposure.

In conclusion, I would like to warn everyone against independent attempts to remove nevi.

This is extremely dangerous and can even be fatal.

If you suspect a malignant birthmark, be sure to contact. Only a specialist will be able to determine whether a mole is dangerous to your health.

Video: "Moles and warts on children's skin"

Moles in babies appear immediately after birth or after 2 to 3 months. They are not signs of any disease, but parents often have certain concerns.

Many are interested in why birthmarks appear in newborns, and some are born with them. Hormones and ultraviolet light are excluded as reasons for the appearance of moles in newborns, and remains one of the most likely. Genetic predisposition.

The most common reason for the appearance of a nevus is precisely genetics. If, for example, a father or mother has many moles, then, most likely, the baby will be born with moles.

In particular, parents are worried about large nevi, sometimes a newborn is born with a birthmark on the floor of the face. Here the following points can be provoking. Most often, nevi are born with:

• babies with light skin,
• female newborns (about 4-5 times more often than boys),
• children born prematurely.

Some doctors believe that the causes of congenital large nevi and birthmarks in newborns are:

• changes in hormonal levels in the female body during pregnancy;
• infectious diseases of the genitourinary sphere in the mother of the newborn;
• the course of gestation in negative external conditions. The presence of radiation, toxins, a sharp change in climatic conditions during pregnancy and many others.

Symptoms

In newborns, as in adults, nevi are divided into several groups:

• small pigmented formations, with an area of ​​05 to 1.5 cm2,
• secondary formations, with an area of ​​1.5 to 10 cm2,
• large pigmented nevi, with an area of ​​more than 10 cm2.

Moles in babies are of two types: simple and fiery nevus:

• A simple nevus is called orange-pink spots on the neck (they are called "stork bite") or near the mouth, nose, eyelids and forehead (called "angel's kiss"). In some babies, they become evident only during emotional stress and crying. Over a period of time (within two years or less), they begin to brighten and disappear altogether.
• Fiery nevi, also called “port wine spots”, are bulging birthmarks of a purplish-red hue that appear in infants anywhere on the body, they include dilated capillaries. And the difference from other birthmarks is that fiery nevi become paler over the years, but remain for life.

Small formations in children are completely safe, but medium and large pigmented lesions can become a health problem in the future.

Diagnosis of moles in newborns

Only a doctor in a specialized clinic using modern equipment can diagnose a problem mole in a baby. First, a visual examination is carried out, after which, if the doctor has any suspicions, a dermatoscopy is performed.

Complications

In infants, very rarely, moles develop into malignant formations. According to medical statistics, in about 10% of cases in infants, large age spots turn, in the future, into malignant tumors. If this happens, then, as a rule, it is no longer about babies. Although, of course, such a risk cannot be completely canceled. Most often, the danger in relation to a mole is associated with the fact that a ripped off mole is a source of infection, blood poisoning, and sepsis.

Treatment

What can you do

When observing spots of medium or large size on the body of an infant, you should immediately visit a doctor. He will examine the baby, prescribe the delivery of certain tests, and offer to use, if necessary, the qualified help of dermatologists and oncologists.

The same goes for injuries to moles, noticeable changes on them. In no case should you undertake anything on your own.

What the doctor does

Most birthmarks in babies do not need to be removed, and doctors recommend that parents wait until the baby is older. The pigmentation will fade or disappear by itself. An exception is spots on the face, especially around the eyes. In fact, the implementation of therapy and, moreover, surgery requires no more than 0.1% of birthmarks and some of the nevi.

Vascular birthmarks (hemangiomas) are usually treated. A simple way to treat large pigmented lesions is massage and squeezing, so hemangiomas can dissolve. More effective methods of treating vascular hemangiomas are:

• performing cryotherapy or freezing with dry ice (cryodestruction);
• injection of a drug into a vascular mass;
• removal by thermal method or using a laser;
• surgical resection of the birthmark.

It is not always possible to get rid of the so-called "wine stains" completely, especially if they have a bright color, but they can be made lighter with a laser.

In any case, the doctor will advise parents to wait until the baby grows up before carrying out medical manipulations. With age, laser therapy gives more effective results.

Prevention

Preventive measures are associated with the fact that parents need to be careful about moles of any size in a newborn. Often, the baby himself rips off the mole on the body, so the baby's nails should be promptly trimmed.

Caution should also be observed when being in the sun with your baby. The skin of the baby is very delicate, therefore, without special means, it is better not to sunbathe, and in the first days of life, do not do this at all.

Moles are a common occurrence for everyone and occur throughout life. As a rule, they do not threaten health, but when they appear in newborn babies, they cause many questions and concerns for parents.

Types of moles

A mole (or nevus) is a skin neoplasm characterized by pronounced pigmentation.

The appearance is possible on any part of the body, both on the limbs, head, trunk, and on the mucous membranes.

They can be of different colors, depths and shapes.

There are several classifications of moles based on size, origin, and exposure.

Moles are:

• pigmented (also called common);
• vascular.

Common moles appear in the first years of a child's life. Their color ranges from light brown to black. Pigmented moles have a smooth surface, they can be convex and flat. They arise under the influence of melanin. If this pigment is not enough, then the birthmark will be lighter than the skin, with an overabundance, on the contrary, it will be darker.

In newborns, there are moles of a non-standard color, blue or light blue. This is a blue nevus. He can go by himself or stay for life. Experts recommend investigating this type of nevus as early as possible from the moment of birth.

Vascular are made up of a large number of blood vessels, so they are usually pink or red in color. These moles are benign and are not dangerous in and of themselves.

Vascular moles in children are also subdivided into:

• Hemangiomas. This neoplasm can appear several weeks or months after the birth of a child on any part of the body. The main growth period is between six and twelve months of age. The hemangioma increases in size, but over the years it becomes lighter and usually disappears completely by ten years.
• "Stork's bite". It looks like a pink spot, usually found on the neck, back of the head, or the bridge of the nose. It appears due to the expansion of blood vessels during development in the womb. It is interesting that the color of the "stork bite" is influenced by the condition of the newborn. If the baby cries, the stain turns red, if he sleeps or is overcooled, then the stain turns pale. Usually, upon reaching the age of two, the neoplasm in the child disappears.
• A flaming nevus, or "port wine stain". Unlike the two previous types, this mole is permanent and does not disappear with age. It has a very bright saturated pink color, it is located on the face, as a rule, on one side. Over the years, it becomes even more intense in color, after ten years it looks like a tumor. In addition to a psychological problem, depending on the location, this nevus can cause, for example, glaucoma. To eliminate this, it is necessary to start treatment at an early age, preferably before the age of three, until everything turns into a serious problem.
• "Mongolian spot". Basically, such spots are localized on the legs, tailbone and thighs. May occur due to difficult childbirth. In appearance they resemble large gray bruises with a bluish tinge. Usually they pass by two years. This birthmark never develops into a malignant one. In 90% of cases, it is found in the Mongoloid race, hence the characteristic name.

Depending on which skin layer the birthmarks are located in, they can also be divided into:

• Borderline is a type when all cells are in the epidermis;
• Intradermal - formed from the dermis;
• Mixed - can be simultaneously located in the dermis and in the epidermis, they are also called complex.

Moles in newborns: causes

Moles can be either congenital, which were formed in the womb and appeared in the first month after birth, or acquired. Therefore, there are several reasons for the occurrence:

• Heredity. For example, if mom or dad has birthmarks, the child may have them in the same places. This is a manifestation of a genetic predisposition.
• Stress during pregnancy. Sudden pressure drops in the child's mother can lead to vasoconstriction and impaired blood circulation. Bursting vessels can form a vascular nevus in a baby.
• Ultra-violet rays. Long exposure to the sun can cause new nevi to appear.

Who has the most common birthmarks at birth?

The following group is most likely to get congenital nevi:

• Children with very light skin.
• Girls. According to statistics, girls have birthmarks four times more often than boys. Scientists attribute this to natural hormonal levels.
• Children born prematurely.

Precautionary measures

Birthmarks of a newborn must be carefully monitored and limited from damage in order to exclude the transition of a benign neoplasm to a malignant one.

1. Do not expose areas of skin with birthmarks to prolonged exposure to ultraviolet rays, they can both lead to the appearance of new moles and irradiate existing ones. Mothers often go to the beach with their children, in which case it is required to use special sunscreens with a high level of protection, cover moles with clothes, and wear a hat. It is necessary to be in the shade from 11 am to 4 pm. You can use a beach umbrella to provide shade for your child. Some people believe that if you tan well, the birthmark will not be so noticeable, but in fact this opinion is mistaken, because the neoplasm will also darken.
2. Avoid injury to the nevus. To do this, you need to choose comfortable clothes and make sure that the child does not harm himself. If the mole is located in such a place that friction cannot be prevented, and it is periodically injured, it is better to remove it.
3. Eliminate the interaction of acids and alkalis with the skin.
4. Watch for visual changes in birthmarks.
5. Treat dermatitis.
6. Do not cover nevi with a plaster, while creating a greenhouse effect.
7. If there are hairs on the birthmark, do not pull them out.

It is desirable that the SPF of a child's sunscreen should be from 50, and the PPD index to 42. The first indicator indicates the degree of protection from ultraviolet rays, and the second - the degree of protection after exposure to the sun.

The child needs to be shown to the doctor if the following changes in the nevus become noticeable:

• the color has changed in whole or in part;
• increased size;
• itching appeared;
• a crust formed and liquid began to stand out;
• a glossy shine has appeared, which was not previously noticeable;
• the color around the nevus has changed (red or white skin around);
• growths appeared;
• the boundaries have become blurred;
• the mole began to bleed;
• the nevus has broken off or fell off.

Under no circumstances should you try to remove the birthmark on your own or use folk remedies. This can cause irreparable harm to the baby, up to and including death.

Removal of birthmarks in children is carried out for cosmetic (on the face) or cancer indications.

In modern medicine, there are many different ways to treat birthmarks: medication, surgical, laser, and cryotherapy. The doctor chooses the most suitable option for a newborn.

With drug treatment, hormonal drugs are prescribed in the form of tablets or ointments, which slow down the development of formations. The advantage of laser removal is that this method does not leave scars and is carried out quickly enough. Removal of moles with liquid nitrogen for children is rarely used, this is due to the fact that one procedure may not be enough, and with repeated use, a burn may remain on the child's skin.

Birthmarks in newborns in most cases are not dangerous. With proper precautions and careful observation, parents should not have any cause for concern. But do not forget that a benign spot, due to a number of factors, can degenerate into a malignant one, therefore, with any changes, it is worth contacting an oncologist, timely treatment can prevent an unfavorable outcome.

Parents are often worried when moles appear in their children suddenly, because they do not know if they are dangerous or not. Basically, moles or nevi are inherited by children from parents through a genetic line. Sometimes they appear on the baby's body immediately after birth, and are called congenital or birthmarks. They come in a variety of shapes and colors. But is it worth worrying when new moles appear and what to do if the baby has damaged the birthmark?

Why do birthmarks appear in children?

As a rule, the first spots appear in children from one to three years old. If many moles appear on the body, this only alarms the parents, because children do not attach much importance to the new points that have appeared. There are certain reasons that precede their appearance, such as:

A number of studies have proved the fact that the appearance of new points on the body is interconnected with diseases of the stomach and intestines in children. To prevent the formation of neoplasms, you should avoid prolonged exposure to the sun, and do not forget to use baby sunscreen.

It is necessary to consult a doctor if children begin to be bothered by marks on the body - itching, peeling begins, and their size increases.

Usually, nevi in ​​a newborn are almost invisible, only in rare cases are they pronounced from birth. According to statistics, birthmarks are more common in girls than in boys, as well as in children with fair skin or in premature babies.

Moles in babies can be of two types:

A red birthmark in a child is not a cause for concern. It often disappears as suddenly as it appeared. In most cases, it does not pose a danger to the child's body. Some parents even take pride in the genealogical specks passed down from generation to generation.

Varieties of birthmarks in children

Moles in a child come in different sizes:

• large (exceed 10 cm);
• medium (up to 10 cm);
• small (no more than 2 cm).

Large and medium-sized moles are prone to degeneration. If the baby has them, then they must be under the supervision of doctors.

The most common are three types of moles:

It is worth noting the rare cases of hemangioma in children.

"Strawberry" and "cavernous" hemangiomas are the most dangerous, they can rapidly degenerate into malignant formations.

But, as a rule, their treatment is not carried out in childhood, since any surgical intervention can lead to serious consequences.

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Modifications of moles in children

An increase in neoplasms occurs both with the correct development of the child's body, and in cases of pathologies. Benign formations grow slowly, gradually, as the baby grows up, and their size does not exceed one centimeter.

Mutations of nevi in ​​children are quite rare, and this may be preceded by certain internal or external changes. If there is a rapid dynamics of growth of a neoplasm, its size is more than two centimeters in diameter, and a white halo forms around it, you should immediately go to the hospital.

The most dangerous are black, large, convex nevi. They require careful monitoring, since they are highly likely to transform into melanoma. Melanoma is characterized not only by rapid growth, but also by the spread of metastases throughout the body. Only a timely operation (before the formation of metastases) to remove all malignant tumor cells can save the life of a small person.

If the necessary measures are not taken, melanoma will affect vital internal organs, disrupting their functioning, which can be fatal.

It is important to pay attention to even minor changes in neoplasms - a change in shade, a slight increase in size, slight peeling.

In clinics, children undergo special examinations to determine exactly whether the malignant transformation has begun or not.

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Nevi should not be ignored, which suddenly disappeared, and pale spots appeared in their place. This sometimes means the onset of the disease - vitiligo, which occurs when the skin is excessively exposed to ultraviolet rays.

What to do if a child has injured a birthmark?

When the birthmark is damaged, but there is no bleeding, you just need to rinse it with an antiseptic, after which, apply a sterile bandage for a few minutes. In a situation where the baby accidentally ripped off the birthmark and the damaged area began to bleed, you need to prevent negative consequences:

If the baby picks out the mole, and it hangs, you cannot remove it yourself by any methods or wait until it disappears. It is best to see a doctor as soon as possible. If in some way, the nevus was completely ripped off, you must immediately stop the bleeding, and then disinfect the wound. The torn off birthmark must be given to the clinic for examination, after placing it in an alkaline liquid or simply wrapping it in a bandage soaked in saline solution.

Parents must adhere to simple rules to avoid injury to the child's moles:

• to put on the baby clothes exclusively from natural, soft fabrics;
• use soft sponges during washing;
• after bathing, blot the skin with smooth, light movements.

In what cases are damaged moles removed?

Faced with the problem associated with moles, many do not know which specialist to go to. Since nevi are formations that have appeared on the skin from pathological pigment cells, first of all it is worth consulting a dermatologist. It is this doctor who specializes in skin-related diseases. First of all, he conducts an examination using a dermoscope, then diagnoses and prescribes treatment. Depending on the test results, another specialist may be involved in the treatment.

If it turns out that the neoplasms are benign, further observation by doctors is not required. But, when there is a risk of developing melanoma, it is necessary to be examined by a surgeon and oncologist.

After the examination, the surgeon decides on the removal or treatment of the mole. An oncologist's consultation is needed in order for him to prescribe additional laboratory tests that will help in establishing a diagnosis. If it is not possible to consult a narrow specialist, contact your therapist.

The main symptoms that indicate that the mole will most likely have to be removed:

• touching it causes bleeding;
• its surface is reddened, peeling;
• constant itching sensation;
• injury.

It is believed that the owners of a large number of moles on the body are lucky. And happy children are healthy children. The main thing is that parents in any situation remain calm, and, suspecting the above-mentioned bad symptoms, immediately seek medical help.

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In this article:

Scientists have established for sure: whenever birthmarks appear, their laying occurs even during the intrauterine development of the fetus. That is, children are born with birthmarks, but in some they are noticeable from birth, while in others they become more distinct over the years. The appearance of moles in children or their absence, one way or another, raises many questions from parents.

At what age do birthmarks appear in a child?

Until now, no unambiguous answer has been found to the question of why in some children dark spots in the form of moles appear immediately after birth, in others hemangiomas form on the body, and in third newborns the skin is completely clean and only during puberty may marks appear on body. The main version of scientists who are trying to explain why not all babies have hemangiomas and nevi - heredity, which also determines the predisposition to the appearance of birthmarks under the influence of external factors.

If we talk about age, then the exact timing of when the first nevi appear has not been established. There are only indicative periods when their appearance is noticed in most children:

• The most common early age when the first moles in children begin to appear is the period from 6 months to 2 years;
• The second wave of birthmarks is seen in the period from 5 to 6 years;
• The greatest number of pigmented nevi on the skin appears when the age reaches 12 - 15 years - that is, during puberty.

Pigmented birthmarks

Pigmented neoplasms are called those neoplasms in children that contain melanin - a dye that gives a tint to a nevus. They arise due to disturbances in the production of melanin in some skin cells.

Most of the neoplasms on the body in children appear during puberty under the surge of hormonal changes. Depending on which skin layer the pigment neoplasms are located in, they, like in adults, are divided into the following types:

• Borderline - cells are concentrated in the epidermis;
• Intradermal - appear from the dermis;
• Mixed (complex) - combine the features of borderline and intradermal formations.

Most pigmented moles in children are borderline. They look like light yellow or brown oval or round spots. They are safe for health. After adolescence, they begin to form intensively and change up to 25 - 30 years.

If we talk about those neoplasms that we are used to seeing in adults - convex and voluminous, then in children such can be found very rarely. They are referred to as pathological development of the skin and must be monitored for changes. In 50% of cases, according to statistics, large neoplasms (from 10 cm in diameter) in children degenerate into a malignant tumor, so parents should be very careful about convex neoplasms on the baby's skin.

Red moles

Unlike pigmented nevi, which appear in a child with age, a red mole (hemangioma) can be from birth. These are red moles in children, benign formations that have arisen due to disturbances in the work of blood vessels. Most often, a child can see the following types of red birthmarks:

Monitoring pigmented nevi and hemangiomas in children

Any form of red hemangioma should be monitored. During the period of its growth (up to 6 - 12 months), it does not change, then the phase of reverse development should come - involution. Most hemangiomas disappear by the age of 5.

It is important to know that if red hemangiomas did not appear during the neonatal period, then such neoplasms do not disappear on their own.

Parents must not only monitor nevi and hemangiomas on the child's body, but also follow preventive measures and doctor's recommendations:

• In no case should you glue them with an adhesive plaster - a greenhouse effect is created, which can cause the degeneration of a safe nevus into melanoma;
• Adults should make sure that moles in children are not exposed to direct sunlight in the summer from 10-11 to 16 hours. It must be remembered that ultraviolet light is dangerous for pigmented neoplasms;
• Avoid trauma to moles. But if a child accidentally or deliberately scratched or tore off a nevus, the bleeding should be stopped, iodine or brilliant green should be applied to the wound, covered with a bandage and see a doctor.

When should you get rid of neoplasms on the body of a child?

It is recommended to get rid of in two cases: either for cosmetic reasons (on the eyelids, in the ear, on intimate organs) or for oncological indications - when the mole begins to degenerate. Nevi are removed in the same way as in adults.

Small pigmented and red spots in children are most often referred to as benign neoplasms - they do not bother the child and do not manifest themselves in any way, therefore, they need to be removed only if absolutely necessary.