During the years of the Cold War, underground command items were actively built throughout the Soviet Union. On the end of the world, then no one thought, but they were preparing to a nuclear strike with all seriousness. One such superbunger is in Belarus. It has not been a secret object for a long time, but it is possible to find it today, only having accurate coordinates. The state could not and did not want to use this unique structure for others (for example, tourist) purposes and got rid of the burden of the object of the object in the most elementary way - buoyed.

Two years ago. Grodno region, Svisloche district. Nearby Belovezhskaya Pushcha. The local road crosses the high-voltage line. Along her in the field there is a broken country road. Somehow on the road come across the remnants of concrete slabs. LED ends with a small substation, and the road leads to the forest. In LEC along the road, the remnants of a concrete fence can be seen, which military towns are usually crossed. How many such pluggers are located in the forests of Belarus! The road goes along the fence. Suddenly, ahead in the thick of the deserted forest, the look relates to a huge metal hangar. Its dimensions are amazed: length - 200 meters, width - 50 meters, height - 24 meters.

In many places, the metal walls of the hangar are dismantled. After one such, we enter into inside. We turn out to be on an abandoned construction site between the two proponal facilities protruding from the Earth, resembling huge washers. Two gantry cranes froired above them. One of the mines leading to the depth, the elevator cabin stopped. Around everything reminds the zone from Stalker. The thickness of the reinforced concrete is no doubt that this is a military facilitation. In such an empty huge hangar, among the long abandoned construction, you feel uncomfortable.

Down, one of the concrete washers, leads a temporary staircase. Lighting the path with lanterns, trying to step up on the edges of the rotten wooden steps, go down. All floors - like the reinforced concrete walls are painted with red primer, some cabinets, sometimes there are relatively spacious halls. Walking with a flashlight on monotonous corridors and rooms resembles an old computer game shooter with boring graphics. Sometimes they come across the simulated. The thresholds of doorways are located at half-meter height - under Falsefol, communications were required. Some of the remains of water pumps and ventilation systems are preserved.

After examining one floor, go down below. On each floor number. The countdown is conducted from the surface of the Earth. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ... So deep in Belarus, I did not go down. 6, 7 ... I start testing psychological discomfort. Sometimes it seems that it becomes hard to breathe due to the possible accumulation of poisonous methane at a depth, but in reality the air is quite clean here. From the 8th floor begins "Eternal Merzlot" - Ice Circle. Finally, the last, 9th floor. Here, the kingdom of eternal ice, which does not even melt in the summer heat. Carefully start the rise back.

The official name of this facility, "widely known in narrow circles", "Object 1161". This is probably the most ambitious underground structure in Belarus.

Building "Object 1161" began in 1985 as a secure team of the countries participating in the Warsaw Treaty.

Then in Belarusian forests near Belovezhskaya Four, military sailors officers appeared. It is they who, who have experience in facilities in the area of \u200b\u200bSeryomorsk shelter in rocks for nuclear submarines, led the construction of a secret object on the spot. The military unit of military builders submitted directly to Moscow.

The place was chosen near the western border of the USSR, in the forest. The nearest village is at least 5 km. Not far - Railway stations Svisloch and Volkovysk. Moreover, in the Svislodi then there was a large army oil dump farm, where fuel for equipment was supplied on a pipeline with a giant army tank farm in Zhbank. (Currently, these facilities are completely looted.)

In order for the object under construction, it was impossible to consider from satellites, a building of camouflage shelter was built above it.

At the same time, the eyeliner began to the LEP object with a voltage of 110 kV and the construction of a powerful substation. Also near the secret object was built a military town.

The secrecy mode was such that even local authorities had no idea about the construction under construction.

By the way, when this construction began, a tunnel under La Mansha began to build in Western Europe. And both structures were made according to the same technology - the round in diameter of the pitual, as deeply was deeply strengthened from the bottom with concrete slabs. Such technology allowed to maintain a construction site very compact.

The protected command center is built in the form of two barrels leaving at a depth of 45 meters. The diameter of the barrels is 35 meters. In each barrel - 9 floors. After every three floors, the barrels are connected by transitions. On top of the barrels are protected by two three-meter layers of reinforced concrete, the space between which is filled with a soft filler to absorb the energy of the explosion with direct hit in the upper plate. It will not protect it from the direct hit of the atomic ammunition, but the close-up atomic explosion will fully stand. So, the floors of the structure without problems carry offset to half a meter.

On the perimeter of the command item are 6 mines resembling rockets. Two of them are designed for retractable antennas. If a close atomic explosion sweats all the antennas on the surface, then new antenna masts are put forward from these mines to the height of 40 meters. The rest of the mines are for the supply of communications and emergency people. The main antenna field was to be built a few kilometers from the object. Autonomous energy supply of the command item was carried out from diesel generators. On the last ninth floor in one of the premises on the project there was a morgue with a refrigeration chamber.

One "barrel" was constructed as a residential premises, the second - worker. Full autonomy of the object, for the exclusion of air for diesel generators - day.

Such command items The leadership of the USSR sought to build as much as possible so that the enemy did not know where exactly directed the bulk. Similar structures in Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine and Moldova are known. Some of such structures were built in the form of one "barrel".

The cost of the Belarusian underground facility was comparable with the cost of 32 standard four-dressing houses. That is - a whole microdistrict.

One of the documents found in the bunker

The construction of the underground facilities and residential buildings of the military town, began to install communication and management systems, began to launch cables to other objects, as the end of 1991 came, when the USSR was completely collapsed nearby in Belovezhskaya.

The fate of the secret object was predetermined ...

Deputy of the Supreme Council of Belarus of the 12th convocation from Volkovysk Nikolai Aksamit recalls how his childhood friend engineer applied to him in the spring Konstantin Kokhnovsky With information that in its district there is a very interesting and very expensive building. Let's go to watch. The road led to a military town, completely tired by cable drums of various diameters. The largest drums with the cable were achieved in diameter 5 meters. Next to the cables were piled up boxes with some equipment.

Since the collapse of the USSR, the construction financing was discontinued, and the Moscow command was simply forgotten about this military unit. A drunken ensign with several soldiers of the ax chopped a copper cable and immediately shook insulation on the fire. In response to the remark of Nicholas Aksamit, who was in the rank of Major and dressed in the appropriate form, the ensign, inside the mat in his speech, offered to join his lesson, saying that there was a lot of copper here - enough Major.

But most of all were struck by the deputy of soldiers, most of whom were immigrants from the Central Asian republics. The soldiers who forgot to the command were forced to dull dugouts in the forest and prepare their meals on fires.

Almost ready-made residential houses of a military town, an almost built giant underground command post, covered by a huge hangar, hundreds of valuable cable drums, containers with expensive, modern at that time, equipment. And among this - abandoned by the command, dirty, unshaven, in a ribbon form, survived the winter in the dugouts, as if guerrillas of the last war, soldiers who survived the fact that they could sell a piece of copper cable on a fire.

It was soon that a lot of not ordinary people claim to object 1161. More precisely, the underground structure, built in the deaf forest, was little interested. Value was the copper communication cables and other equipment, for example, 2 Diesel Generator 750 kW, each of which would have enough to provide a good village with electricity. The equipment of the bunker was produced not only in the USSR, but also in the GDR, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hungary and other countries of the Warsaw Treaty.

At the time of the cessation of construction, even "luxury items" type of carpets for the general premises were delivered. Oddly, these "luxury items" turned out to be the greatest secret - Nikolai Aksamit, having received almost all the documentation for the property to be brought to the bunker, there was not able to receive a list of these most objects of general life. They were sold in military first. However, the "luxury items" were trifle compared to the rest of the property.

For expensive copper cables and other equipment there was quite a lot of influential applicants. The most important of them is the leadership of the 15th management of the KGB of the USSR, which supervised the construction of all such objects in the USSR, therefore, there was detailed information about them, unlike local authorities.

Since, according to an interstate agreement, this bunker became the property of Belarus, the leadership of the former 15th administration of the KGB of the USSR had to "take into a share" of some officials and military rates of independent Belarus.

One of the attempts to "privatize" this structure was described in 1992 in the newspaper "Kommersant." Then a small firm "Epace" was created, in the founders of which Kuzmichyev, who taught the scientific communism in one of the universities, the son of the Minsk City Executive Communist and other similar identities. This firm for a symbolic amount, about a thousandth of the real value, has acquired a giant structure, and, with all imported property. Allegedly - under the storage of apples. And the symbolic amount for the purchase of a bunker issued - on very preferential terms - Moscow bank.

Very interesting, according to Nikolai Aksamit, head of the Grodno region behaved Dmitry Artimenya. At that time, there were still no cellular communication in Belarus, and the deficit of telephone cables was still. On the proposal of Nicholas Axamit on the use of bunker cables for telephoneization of Grodninshins, the head of the region answered not quite censorship, advising the Aksmita to not surpass in other people's affairs.

Another time the military tried secretly to take values. In 1993, a column from about 30 army trucks came to the object, indicating the acting chief of the General Staff of the Ministry of Defense of Belarus Ilinov, to decorate the protection and ensure the loading of the remaining property.

Nikolai Aksamit then managed to achieve response measures from District MushroomHe headed the commission of the Supreme Defense Council, and its representatives were forced from Minsk to get to the bunker by helicopter and stop the export of property.

With the subsequent proceedings, the general of Ilyonov could not clarify why he wanted to take property from the object, referring only to the request Nikolai Kostikova - Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Belarus Vyacheslav Kebica.

At the Supreme Council, a commission was created on this object, in addition to others, a military prosecutor entered. On the issue of the property of the bunker, the deputies held several meetings.

Since information about the facility and its contents became known to the Higher Management of Belarus and deputies of the Supreme Council, Moscow applicants had to retreat. In 1993, the final decision was made that the property of the object would remain in Belarus. And in the same year, the head of the Grodno region, the artimony was shot at his house. The crime is not disclosed to the present.

All valuable property was exported, and the hangar with the underground construction began to guard the forces of private security. Gradually, local authorities disassembled an unnecessary concrete road. The plates with which she was eliminated in size were wonderful to the ceiling overlap of garages. Powerful LPP substation equipment was replaced by a simpler, which is used to power the surrounding villages.

Several watchmen, changing the dudder in a small household at the hangar, ensured the relative preservation of the abandoned object. Although it was almost nothing to rob there. Sometimes the watchman passed rare curious wander through the abandoned command item. Then a powerful searchlight was lit under the roof of the no windows of the hangar.

Although the financing of security was carried out from the district budget, but the leadership of the Svislochesky district, such a giant underground structure turned out to be unnecessary. But at low cost, the underground command office could become a tourist attraction not only the area, but also the whole country. And how popular he could be today, when there are so many conversations about the end of the world!

It can be assumed that in abandonment and further destruction of the object there are interested people - those who relate to the plunder of the most protected construction of Belarus. For example, according to Nikolai Aksamit, about where the objects of the general life disappeared, should know Sergey PortsakAt that time, he lived in Volkovysk and worked on the construction of an object by the head of the special department in the rank of major.

About the bunker information was brought to the top leadership of Belarus of the time - Stanislav Shushkevich And Vyacheslav Kebiz. Many interesting bunker can tell the former then the chairman of the KGB Eduard Shirkovsky, former head of military counterintelligence CES, former head of counterintelligence in the Grodno region Yuri Perevalov, former defense minister Peter Chaus, former Minister of Defense of Belarus Anatoly Kostenko.

Another former head of the Ministry of Defense Pavel Kozlovsky Back in 2006, he told the author of this material about this bunker as an interesting abandoned object, which is worth seeing. But about the fate of the destroyer, Kozlovsky, did not want to tell about this bunker. Although it is known that the Ex-Minister has repeatedly visited the secret object for property issues.

In 2009, under the pretext of the lack of funds, allegedly due to the economic crisis of the end of 2008, district authorities were removed from the object of protection. Hardly ended the spring dishthele, as the locals rushed here behind the sheet iron of the walls of the hangar. They came with the portable power generator to which the "Bulgarian" was connected, and she was cut off the sheets of high-quality corrugated iron. Later, iron was exported by tractors.

Those who destroyed the hangar were logical: "Once recently eliminated the protection, it means that the state object is not needed. Do not disappear good. " Moreover, the facility did not have information about his belonging.

In general, this is the standard practice of destroying many properties. Initially, the security is removed. The object is vigorously destroyed in the process of plundering. Then, as a rule, an accident occurs on a plugged object - someone dies or cripples. Most often, these are curious teens or marauders. Then local authorities take action - "in order to prevent accidents", the object is rush to destroy.

By the Belarusian military, this protected command office is not needed in such a place. "We would be needed, would not be in such a state," - explain the military.

Stop Lrapering helped appeal to Chairman of the Union of Writers of Belarus Nikolay ChergintsuWhich in the one who can solve any question in this country - a very fast object began to take turns to protect the Militiamen of the Swisloche and Volkovsky districts.

It is possible to use the underground structure as a repository, for example, the backup stock of products and other vital items. The protected structure will withstand any natural and technogenic catastrophe. Without atomic weapons, such an object is quite difficult to destroy.

But even better to use this unfinished command point as a tourist facility. Recently, local residents often brought their children and grandchildren there: "Look, until you destroyed that in the times of the USSR, they knew how to build." Indeed, the "inequalized" Belarus is hardly able to build something like this now and in the foreseeable future.

Tourists are constantly arriving nearby Belovezhskaya Pushcha. Many of them would be interested to visit and underground construction where you can feel the power of the once great Empire of the USSR. To start, without any problems, you can organize at least one excursion route over the underground object by paving the corresponding flooring with lighting.

For the reorganization of the abandoned command post in the tourist object, the director of the Belovezhskaya Pushcha Reserve is Nikolay Bambiza. He is supported by the head of the historical and memorial complex "Stalin Line", Director of the Charitable Foundation for Assistance to the Community Secretarists "Memory of Afghan" Alexander Metla.

In neighboring Belarus countries and not only in them, such objects are trying to preserve, and they make a profit, while being the subject of national pride.

So, in Russia there are museums-bunkers in Moscow: the historical museum complex "The spare team of the Supreme Commander of the Red Army I.V. Stalin of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" In Izmailovo ("Stalin Bunker") is a branch of the Central Museum of Armed Forces , Museum of the Cold War (the Tagansky Exposure Complex "Tagansky") - the Military Historical Museum and the Museum and Entertainment Complex, created in the former secretary military facility of the USSR - the Spare Tagging Command "Tagansky" (GO-42). The museum has been functioning since 2006, after the Tagansky ZKP was purchased from the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation at the Auction of the Novik-Service Private Company.

In Samara, there is also a "Stalin Bunker", which became a museum back in 1991.

In Kaliningrad, a museum "Drop-up" - the team bunker of the last German military commandant of Königsberg General from Infanteria Otto, in 1945, the act on the capitulation of the Königsberg garrison was signed.

In Ukraine, there is a naval museum complex "Balaklava". After the naval base that had a combined anti-native fortification facility for the repair and shelter of submarines, in 1993 they left the Russian military, it was thoroughly plundered by Marauders. But the Ukrainian authorities were seniorized, and in 2004, the Museum was opened in Balaclava.

Also in Ukraine in the Korosten region in 2005 in the former team paragraph of the Korosten Stolong River No. 5, the Museum "The Bunker Stalin" Rock "was opened." The team point "Rock" for the future southwestern front was built in 1935-1938 under the leadership of General Dmitry Karbyshev in strict secrecy mode in natural granite caves.

In the Korographers of Ukraine, in the village of Pavzka there is a Museum of Rocket Forces of Strategic Appointments with an open to visitors by the Command Point.

In the Lithuanian city of Plung, a rocket mine in a depth of 27 meters, in which the atomic strategic missile was in combat readiness in Soviet times, retained as a museum.

The Museum opened the Museum in the Polish Mix, placing the exposition in the bunker of the Second World War. The museum enjoys extremely popular among tourists, the authors of the project intend to repair another bunker, located in the Pepper area. A place for picnics will be equipped here, and the hotel will open, the guests of which will be able to live in military time conditions.

The museum has turned the command center point of the US Airbar Base in Bentothers (United Kingdom). The museum complex includes the operating center restored in the original form, as well as control points, communications and sanitation. Other premises were turned into exhibition halls in which documents are collected, reflecting the entire history of the object until 1993.

The former bunker in Bonn (Germany), built on the case of a nuclear attack especially for the West German government, became the museum. Now the bunker looks like this, as in 1972, when it could serve as a shelter for three thousand government officials for 30 days. Restored bedrooms, offices, anti-radiation equipment storage facilities, field hospitals, dental office, hairdresser, chancellor room.

In Berlin in 2008, the "Honker Bunker" built in 1983, which was built to protect the GDR leadership from a possible nuclear attack.

In Oberhausen, the Museum of Civil Defense works in the former shelter.

London has long been converted to the Military Cabinet Museum of Churchill of the Second World War.

In the northeast of Switzerland in a small town, Zezhelen near the border with Liechtenstein, a former military bunker was converted to the hotel category "Zero Stars". Recreation conditions here are quite Spartan.

In France, the strengthening of an artillery battery was turned into a small museum, called Todt (on behalf of the founder of the German Stroybat Fritz Todta), from where the shelling of the British territory was conducted through La Mans.

In the US, former secret military facilities can be bought in property even through the Internet. Offers start with modest 199 thousand dollars per bunker "in good condition" in Kansas. At the same time, sellers guarantee the absence of neighbors and complete silence. And for a military bunker under New York with overhaul, the fireplace hall and built-in household appliances, over $ 2 million should be postponed.

In the UK, the sale at the EBAY auction of the former nuclear bunker located on the territory of the National Park District National Park in Central England was caused. For several days, the price of an unusual lot has grown 50 times and reached more than 20 thousand pounds. This object was closed in 1991 after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Since then, no one has enjoyed them.

In Belarus, as it turns out, the most secure object is not needed. It is easier to bury him than to re-refill.

In 2010-2011, the builders of the Volkovysk OJSC "SMT-32" demolished the remnants of the disguise building over the bunker, concreted the entrances into it and fell asleep on top of the earth, disembarking birch trees.